Essay on Management Theory, Practice, and Emergency Management

This essay delves into the multifaceted realm of management theory and practice, examining the evolution of management thought from the industrial revolution to contemporary approaches. The essay emphasizes the importance of effective planning, strategic choice theory, and organizational structure in achieving organizational goals, particularly in the context of emergency and crisis management. It explores various management theories, including systems theory, contingency theory, and strategic management, while also considering the impact of external environmental factors and the dynamics of industrial relations. The essay highlights the significance of adapting to changing market conditions, managing internal and external forces, and making strategic choices to ensure organizational growth and sustainability. It also underscores the role of environmental scanning, strategic planning, and the interplay between deterministic and strategic organizational structures in shaping business outcomes.

RUNNING HEAD: MANAGEMENT THEORY AND PRACTICE 1
Management Theory and Practice

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The essay focuses on the management theory and functions and practice of management to
gain competencies. The changing nature of external environment is creating requirements for
addressing external changes (Cummings and Worley, 2014). In the present context, systems theory
and contingency theory to the emergency management process is stressed. Management theory put
a stress over the effective planning in order to ensure organizational goals. In case of Emergency
and crisis management the focus is over the effective recovery to gain organizational goals (Booth,
2015). For Building a sustainable organization it is evident to manage the community to gain a
common goal. The overall purpose is to improve emergency management practice in the provided
field. The organization having a diverse position helps in regulating the functions in an effective
way. The overall objective is to manage the operational and organizational goals by understanding
the managerial principles. This concept includes strategic and contingent planning in order to
handle organizational issues. This forms to be a base for an organization in achieving upcoming
functions (March, 2013).
The process of management developed due to the formalization through the final
component of the Nineteenth Century and all through the Twentieth Century due to the growth of
industrial revolution. Management theory assists in provided that a sound foundation for sustaining
the emergence of management theory utilizing the process of planning, organizing, directing and
controlling. While considering the Taylor scientific approach, it is clear that the initial revolution is
viewed as both the process and position of the manager (Shafritz, Ott & Jang, 2015). Previously
the writers have an approach that focus on organizing work and accomplishing tasks. Mintzberg
focused on the position of the “manager” in directing the organization with an effective approach.
The interpersonal, informational, and decisional roles are characterized jointly appropriate to the
manager in different types of organization (Cameron and Green, 2015). The strategic management
theory has grown continuously due to the contribution in the studies of engineering, social science
etc. Hawthorne studies and a behavioral approach is one of the quantitative approaches in order to
function appropriately (Bridges and Bridges, 2017). The management is affected by the
developments in theory in utilizing engineering to plan the operations in order to gain competencies
(Daft, 2014). Strategic Choice Theory creates deliberation of pertinent forces in the exterior
environment that influence employment relationships. The shifting exterior environment induces
employers to build alteration in their competitive business strategies. All These modifications are

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important for measuring the range of controlled so as to be reliable with the principles, viewpoint,
and philosophies. This helps in managing the changes in the mind of key decision-makers. For
gaining effective market opportunities, it is important to measure the choice in relation to the
historical and institutional structures. While taking an organizational action, it is evident to check
the feasible options that are available at a given time. This helps in managing the constrained by the
outcomes of previous organizational decisions. It is also related to the current distribution of power
in an organization. It is in between the unions, government agencies, or other external
organizational factors. The social determinism theory is completely based on the individual
attitude in getting work done. This theory is based on the compilation of the individual attitude
towards the organization (Greenwood, et al 2017). The determinist approach is managed by the
preceding factors in a predictable way. People can arrange changes in an effective way that allow in
managing the various factors in the past events. Behaviorist is the strong believer of the
determinism in managing the organization. An understanding of an organization growth is
important to measure the long term sustainable strategy and policy. Researchers have developed a
strategy in order to manage the organizational growth and development. These strategies are
important for framing the appropriateness in order to resolve the conflicts. Possibilities in
organizational changes are important to manage the organizational goals. New possibilities in the
organization are affecting the concepts that affect the learning and development. It is important for
managing the changes in the most effective way (Manning, 2017).
The industrial relations processes and outcomes are caused due to the continuous evolution
of environmental force and organizational reactions. The virtual significance of the environment or
the party varies over time. Consequently, labor- or product market changes in a unique way.
Subsequently, alternative and judgment on the component of employee management, and
government have an effect on the path and arrangement of industrial relations systems. This is how
the organization is enormously important in shaping the variety of practicable strategic adaptations.
The broader beginning of the institutional structure of industrial relations describes separate
activities of management, labor, and government organizations in three parts. Firstly, the top level
of strategic decision making, secondly, a middle or functional level of cooperative bargaining or
employees strategy development and thirdly, a foundation or workplace-level that have an effect on
individual workers, supervisors, and union legislative body. This plays an important role in

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managing the middle tier that includes the majority traditional territory of industrial relations. This
is a significant practice necessary for managing competition. The purpose is to gain effective
changes and development of the important public policies in governing labor-management
relations. It is the customary business unionism dominating the association in order to gain
important strategic choices or ideologies. This is driven by the decisions made at the top tier. The
basic decisions are important for deriving effective businesses to invest at worksites, in order to
make decisions regarding purchases, and the organizational arrangements. This is used as an
important parameter to bring out indispensable strategies that affect industrial relations at lower
levels. The central mechanism helps in managing the industrial relations. The Strategic choice are
related to the bottom level is directly associated with the organization of work. This is directly
concerned with the structure of worker rights, the management and motivation. This is effective
from the point of view of gaining long term sustainable results.
Strategic planning is one of the important factors that have contributed in the process of
management to monitor the shifting nature of the external forces. These factors have a long-lasting
impression on the organizational operations. The process of Environmental scanning clarifies the
natural environment impact on the internal operations. Organizational structure is best described as
a business's approach in accordance to the market response (Hogg & Terry, 2014). There are two
general theories that act as a factor in building organizational policies -- deterministic and strategic.
These two models vary in the degree of flexibility they presume in manipulating the marketplace.
The determinist theory of the organization asserts that the marketplace is more or less under
control. The business organization is under control that changes the marketplace continually in an
expected way. The industry is developing in an effective way that is creating changes in the
organizational structure. The overall objective of the organization is to be focused on the survival
and generating better profits (Bradley, 2016).
The strategic structure has applicability that focus on managing the organization as per the
behavior of the customers. The business can be controlled on the basis of changes in according to
the flexible market condition. The strategic organizational structure therefore embraces changes in
order to attain flexible results. These are the changes that are required in order to manage the brand
awareness and to gain appropriate results (Demirkan, et al 2016). The changing business needs
therefore create a demand and changes the perception of the individual. In an organization, it is

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important to create a better opportunity in terms of dynamic growth and development. These
changes are important for pursuing operation. Strategic choice theory therefore provides with an
alternative approach in order to make better option. These strategic changes form to be an
important part to an organizational development and growth. It is regarding individual response
and belief to a particular market change. This theory is used to resolve the dispute at the time of
making appropriate changes (Gibbons, 2015). These factors are important for meeting desirable
changes in order to gain an effective result. The changes need to be instituted in a way that helps in
meeting organizational objectives. This is important in framing the sustainable organizational result
in accordance to the market change. In a dynamic environment, this theory acts as an instrument to
meet the desired results. On the frame of sustainability, it is important for gaining organizational
results and growth (Gibbons, 2015).
The business theorist and the organization have a mixed opinion about the organizational
design. They consider both the determinist and organizational structure theory while considering
the different factors. This is typically related to the market and industry requirements that help in
gaining market competencies. The mixed concept therefore focuses on changing market viability
and approach in order to gain effective results. Management theory put a stress over the effective
planning in order to ensure organizational goals. In case of Emergency and crisis management the
focus is over the effective recovery to gain organizational goals. Deployment of these theories is
important for the organization for making appropriate organizational changes. These changes are
impotent for gaining long term sustainable results. While managing the organization, it is important
for undertaking the research and development in an appropriate way.
With the evolution of the organizational theory it has become necessary to manage the
concept in an effective way by developing an effective plan. The organizational growth is
dependent on the mixture of both the approaches. These approaches are relevant for the
organization in gaining continuous growth. The long term functions highly depend upon the
working model that suggests growth and development. With the changing scenario, it has become
evident to manage the business functions in an effective way by developing strategies. Any shift in
the business strategy occurs due to the existing state of industrial relations that in return affect the
three levels in an organization. These types of interactions are important for a business organization
in a competitive business environment. This eventually helps in organizational growth and long

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term sustainability. The business environment can change abruptly that might affect the growth in a
competitive business environment. A sharp increase in competitive pressures has created a
necessity of managing the decisions that are important for managing the organization growth. First,
it is the responsibility of business organization to reconsider its pledge to the current line of
production and settle on whether it requires trying to contend in the environment or to withdraw
and reallocate. Second, in case if the organization decide to stay lively in the market, it has to make
alteration in its competitive strategy. Third, the strategic choice completely depends upon the firms
that stay in the market in order to rearrange their capital in order to gain competitive advantages.
Finally, the changes in business strategy are related to the production decisions that affect the
soundness of accessible organizational structures, in order to manage the growth. In order to
manage an organization, it is evident to take effective measures to gain competencies. It is evident
to check the feasible options that are available at a given time. This helps in managing the
organization in a way that guarantees sustainable results.
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