Case Study Reflection: Patient-Centered Care in Healthcare Settings

This case study reflection examines the care of Mr. Taylor, a patient prone to falls and managing multiple health conditions, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and allergic rhinitis, alongside anemia. The reflection focuses on the application of patient-centered care, therapeutic interventions, and the importance of patient education, particularly in fall prevention. The author explores the impact of individualized patient care and compassion on nursing practice, highlighting the use of multidisciplinary teams and the application of NMBA standards. The reflection identifies both strengths, such as the application of patient-centered care and multidisciplinary approaches, and weaknesses, like inadequate patient education on fall prevention. The author suggests the need for improved patient education plans and care plans to enhance patient outcomes and reduce hospitalizations. References from multiple sources support the discussion on therapeutic communication, caring, patient experience, and the role of family support in patient care.

Running head: CASE STUDY REFLECTION 1
Case study Reflection
Student’s Name
University

CASE STUDY REFLECTION 2
Case study Reflection
Managing patients with multiple health conditions is challenging since it requires
ensuring that the conditions are managed and risks associated to them are reduced through
patient-centered care. Gibb’s reflective framework provides a way for nurses to reflect in case
scenarios to determine how they influence their practice. Wain (2017) suggests that reflection
entails learning through everyday experience and a way of demonstrating one's ability to reflect
the experiences in developing the relevant skills. This reflection is based on the case of Mr.
Taylor who is prone to falls and injuring himself. When caring for patients, nurses are supposed
to use person-centered care and evidence-based approaches guided by the nursing standards to
meet the needs of the patient. This means that the therapeutic intervention initiated on the patient
must reflect the relevant nursing standards
The care of Taylor presents management of multiple conditions and the lack of reduction
of harm from falls. When Taylor was diagnosed with anemia, the GP put him on iron
medications to reduce the anemia deficiency. Also several tests were carried out to determine the
cause of anemia but they were not successful in determining the cause of the problem which is
the reason why he has been put on a body. Being a multiple condition patient, Taylor must
manage the health problems that he has well to avoid any complications. From the case study, he
has type 2 diabetes, hypertension and allergic rhinitis. The management of these condition
required a patient-centered approach where the nurse was supposed to advise Taylor on how to
manage his condition.
Taylor presents the case of a patient suffering from the health problem of multiple falls as
characterized by the injuries explained in the case. The patient presents a history of being in an
out of the hospital due to injuries that have been sustained with multiple falls. The first fall that

CASE STUDY REFLECTION 3
the patient experienced was tripping on a piece of concrete which made him injure his arm. He
went home and took some medications waiting for the following day to visit the hospital. Taylor
will then be referred to a physiotherapist who taught him how to use the injured arm with the
other arm. Four weeks after, the patient had another fall while in the house which started by a
feeling of dizziness which made him hit the deck. When he visited the GP a blood test was done
and the results indicated that he was anemic. This was related to the feeling of breathing rarified
air that the patient was feeling due to the failure to get enough oxygen in the body. He was then
put on iron tablets which kept him balanced and will later have a colonoscopy and an endoscopy
to find the source of anemia which failed to show the results. He was then put on special
gastroenterologist to assess the cause of anemia. The patient also has type 2 diabetes,
hypertension, allergic rhinitis, and he also underwent inferior turbinate reduction to aid
breathing. The medicines taken to manage these conditions are cetirizine, amlodipine, Indocin,
metformin, and Flomax.
The feelings that I have from this case is the use of patient-centered care adequately in
managing the case and the inadequacy of patient-education as an important component of falls
prevention. I feel that patient-centered care was adequately used since there was the referral of
the patient to a member of the multidisciplinary team to develop better ways of dealing with the
arm.
The feelings that I have from this case is the fact that Taylor was having a health problem
that had not been diagnosed. The first fall was taken lightly but it’s the second fall that led him to
the GP and the need to test for anemia based on the diagnosis of the GP. From the tests that were
done on the patient, I believe that the ability of the patient to manage the problem based on the
health challenges that he was having is based on the support of multidisciplinary teams charged

CASE STUDY REFLECTION 4
with different roles in assisting the patient to understand his healthcare problem and develop
ways of responding to the case. I have noted the application of therapeutic skills, caring, and
professionalism. However, patient education was inadequate since the patient was not properly
educated on how to manage and prevent falls.
My values that relate to this case are individualized patient care and compassion which
work together to increase the quality of life of the patient. These two values impacted my nursing
since they determined the type and quality of care that I offered to the patient. Compassion
entails being empathetic to the pain and suffering of the patient to ensure that comfort is
increased. This value is relevant in ensuring that the patient feels comfortable and participates in
the treatment process (Abdolrahimi, Ghiyasvandian, Zakerimoghadam, & Ebadi, 2017; Johnston,
Fidelia, Robinson, Killion, & Behrens, 2011). Patient-centered care entails the focus on
preferences, needs and values of the patient to develop a strong partnership between the nurse
and the patient. This is the reason why in this case, Taylor was referred to a physiotherapist as
another multidisciplinary person to assist in managing the condition of the hand. Fazio, Pace,
Flinner, & Kallmyer (2018) suggests that this is building the care process around individual
needs and making them unique based on the interpersonal relationships that are established in the
care process.
From the case study, the aspects of care received in the cases study were inadequate since
they did not entail all the issues being faced by the patient. From the case study, the therapeutic
interventions received by the patient-focused on the diagnostic challenges being faced by the
patient but failed to address how to avoid falls. The patient experienced two falls where the
second one is the one that led to the diagnosis of anemia as the cause of the falls. The philosophy
of patient-centered care is reflected in the patient experience based on the way the patient was

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handled. Andersson, Willman, Sjostrom-Strand, & Borglin (2015) argue that this philosophy
entails the understanding of the patient and developing a care process the meets the needs of the
patient. This means the holistic approach of nursing was not applied in this case which was
supposed to have cared for the whole person by focusing on both the individual and the
environment. This implies that the nurse has to develop individual-centered care that will address
the challenges being faced by the patient. From the clinical intervention in the fast fall and
follow up tests during the second fall, it is evident that the principle of patient-centered care was
applied. Caring as a value of nursing is a collaboration between the patient and the nurse while
focusing on the interests of the patient (Delaney, 2018). This is seen in the way the patient was
referred to a physiotherapist to assist in the use of one hand. This implies that the therapeutic
intervention received by the
Patient education was not adequately applied in the case since there was need to address
ways of preventing the falls. This is seen from standard 2.1 of the NMBA standards where the
nurse is supposed to place the patient at the center of care. This means that patient education
needed to have been used in assisting the patient to understand how to deal with the health.
Anemia like any other condition cannot be treated but only managed with medication and
monitoring of related signs and symptoms (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2019;
Athina E Patelarou, 2017). In this case, the cause of falls is related to anemia, meaning that the
patient is likely to fall again if he does not learn how to detect fall episodes in advance and
respond to them. By failing to education the patient on detecting and managing fall episodes the
nursing care received here was inadequate in reducing the instance of patient hospitalization.
The case of Taylor presents how to prevent falls through the application of different
therapeutic interventions. One evident thing in the case study is the use of person-centered care

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and evidence-based approaches in addressing the issues being faced by the patient. This is seen
from the fact that the GP adequately diagnosed the patient and went further to use other
diagnostic tools like the pill cam to assess the patient to determine the cause of anemia.
Secondly, there is the use of multidisciplinary teams in the management of patient situation as a
way of having the best care for the patient. However, there are two challenges are evident in the
case study; the first one is the lack of using the holistic approach in addressing patient-related
issues (Ghiatau, Eduard, Sfetcu, Barsan, & Șotcan, 2015). From the case, the GP did not address
the issue of falls but rather only addressed the primary problem. Secondly, there was no
education to the patient which will assist him to overcome the difficulties being faced. The role
of patient education plans is to assist in identifying risky situations within the environment that
create related challenges.
From the conclusion, there is need to work on the patient education program which
entails empowering the patient with adequate knowledge and skills for managing the condition to
increase partnership with the patient and the family members and at the same time development
of a proper care plan. The role of patient education is to reduce the incidence of the disease by
empowering patients with the ability to manage their own conditions. For the patient, the
education plan entails managing the different conditions through medications and learning to
detect fall episodes so that damage can be reduced. According to Boyle (2015) family play an
important role in assisting the patient to cope with different health conditions. This entails
offering support and at the same time assisting the patient to manage different conditions as seen
in the case of Taylor. There is also need to work on patient care plans as a way of improving
clinical outcomes. Patient care plans are defined by the NMBA nurse standards for practice
nursing criteria 4.3 where the nurse is supposed to develop, monitor and maintain a plan of care

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by working with multidisciplinary teams. They are used to determine the clinical and medical
attention that the patient will receive and how it will be used to meet the needs of the patient.
From the case study, it is evident that patient-care was applied in analyzing the patient
and addressing the underlying health problem. However, there was no use of patient –education
which could have played an important role in meeting the needs of the patient and preventing
future health problems. This means that when dealing with the patient, it is important to include
patient education in the discharge plan to increase the health outcomes of the patient.

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References
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communication in nursing students: A Walker & Avant concept analysis. Electronic
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Andersson, E. K., Willman, A., Sjöström-Strand, A., & Borglin, G. (2015). Registered nurses’
descriptions of caring: a phenomenographic interview study. BMC Nursingvolume,
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Athina E Patelarou, 1. K.-P. (2017). Approaches to teach evidence-based practice among health
professionals: an overview of the existing evidence. Advances in medical Education and
Practice, 8, 455–464.
Bramley, L., & Matiti, M. (2014). How does it really feel to be in my shoes? Patients'
experiences of compassion within nursing care and their perceptions of developing
compassionate nurses. Journal of clinical nursing, 23(19-20), 2790–2799.
Boyle, B. (2015). The critical role of family in patient experience. Patient Experience Journal,
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Delaney, L. J. (2018). Patient-centred care as an approach to improving health care in Australia.
Collegian, 25(1), 119–123.
Fazio, S., Pace, D., Flinner, J., & Kallmyer, B. (2018). The Fundamentals of Person-Centered
Care for Individuals With Dementia. The Gerontologist, 58(1), 10-20.
Ghiațău, A., E. D., Sfetcu, R., Bârsan, L., & Șotcan, M. (2015). Multidisciplinary approach to
anemia. Romanian Journal of Military Medicine, 26(11), 40-43.

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Johnston, J., Fidelia, L., Robinson, K., Killion, J., & Behrens, P. (2011). An instrument for
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standards/enrolled-nurse-standards-for-practice.aspx
Thaler-Kall, K., Döring, A., Peters, A., Thorand, B., Grill, E., Koenig, W., . . . Meisinger, C.
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