PGBM 108: Analysis of Managing Innovation and Technology Transfer

This report delves into the critical aspects of managing innovation and technology transfer. It begins by defining innovation and differentiating it from invention, highlighting the role of technology in driving innovation. The report explores various approaches to innovation and technology transfer, including the analytical approach, and discusses the significance of technology transfer in maintaining a competitive edge. It examines research methodologies, including research design, strategy, and data collection methods, along with the application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The report includes a literature review and offers suggestions for managing innovation and technology transfer effectively. Furthermore, it uses Intel as an example to show the practical application of these methodologies. The report concludes by suggesting the best theories to adopt for innovation and technology transfer to ensure long-term success.

Running Head: MANAGING INNOVATION
Managing Innovation & Technology Transfer

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Executive Summary
The entrance of any new information system or modification in any existing one can be look
as innovation. In every case the outcome is something which can be seen as new product by
missing of existing or introducing a whole new product. Most proposing theory of innovation
of technological is Analytical Hierarchy theory. Some other theories are technological
factors, analysis of data, and findings then suggestions on research, actor’s theory and so on.
This report analysis and compare the different techniques of innovation or modification of
product. After this there is an example of Intel is taken to show that how methodology helps
in managing innovation and transfer of technology. This report aims to identify how different
theories and technology transfer helps the company in innovation of a product. After
everything there is suggestion basis on these theories that which one theory will best to adopt
in managing innovation and technology transfer for the development of the company and its
long term success.

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Contents
Executive Summary...................................................................................................................1
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Approaches for innovation & technology transfer.....................................................................4
Research Methodology...............................................................................................................5
Research Design.....................................................................................................................5
Research strategy...................................................................................................................5
Data Collection Method.........................................................................................................6
Analytical approach...................................................................................................................6
Result and analysis.................................................................................................................7
Findings..................................................................................................................................8
Suggestions on research.........................................................................................................8
Risk factor..............................................................................................................................9
Explanation of situation with example...................................................................................9
Conclusion................................................................................................................................10
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................11

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Introduction
An innovation is the creation of an idea or any modification in the current product
(Andersson, Dasí, Mudambi, & Pedersen, 2016). Sometimes people get a little bit confused
between innovation and invention and treat them as same but they are not. Invention is a
discovery of new product while innovation is being done by a long study and doing various
experiments. The process of innovation in management is termed as innovative management.
It is a difficult task to do. The technology plays a major role of innovations in management.
Therefore, transfer of all techniques will support in the creation of a new product.
Economic and Social Science Research Council in UK is supporting innovation in technology
for setting a new path of revolution. They implement many new policies and procedures for
small and big businesses either they are public or private companies (Scuotto, Del Giudice,
Bresciani, & Meissner, 2017). Various programmes states that only the inventions are not
sufficient to bring change but the innovations also plays a major role in development of a
product.
Association for Innovation, Research and Technology Organisation (AIRTO) is a major part
in expanding the Economic and Social Research Council in achieving their set goals and
targets. It helps in expanding their knowledge of new age technologies. The members of the
AIRTO have specialised knowledge in transfer of innovation and technology and they are
proved very useful in getting new inventions and Innovations (Enkel, Groemminger, & Heil,
2018). These different experiments led a major impact on consumers.
The theme of this report is basically based on “Managing Innovation & Technology
Transfer”. It shows the various methods and approaches which were taken in innovations and
transferring of current technology from it. In this report it is proposed that how Methodology
and analytical hierarchy theory help them to survive in market with better efficiency. A
company’s example is taken to show this proposed theme (Cunningham, 2018). And that
company opted Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) programme strategies for
their expansion and to survive the change in the market with the help of its innovation and
technology transfer.

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Approaches for innovation & technology transfer
Analytical approach is defined as a process of examination of a situation and the purpose of
finding out the solution of it. It is best way to identify the different parts of problem and solve
them one by one. It helps in creating a dependable solution and maintaining user friendly
environment. Transfer of technology is one of trending topic in innovation and research field
which is entirely covering all sectors of business, industries and firms in recent years (Kundu,
Bhar, & Pandurangan, 2015). This is one of the best techniques which help in surviving the
competition with other organisation in the market.
There are various ways for expansion of sources of technology for generating more profits
margins in organisation and in its growth in different sectors. It has proved one of the best
solution for the development of the nations such as; UK, USA, etc. for generating more
economy and development of industry. Success of company depends on the choices they
made in opting transfer of technology. The performance of opted technology is measured by
taking care of their inputs and return of outputs; this is a standard formula for measuring
capital value of company and the nation (Ockwell & Byrne, 2016). The input shows all the
expenses done by the organisation in research and everything while the output shows about
the copyright and patent of it.
However, these standards for measuring input and outputs are less effective in describing the
new trends of innovation. They provide the picture of technological performance but did not
talk about various people who did innovation in their nation. This national innovation concept
provides understanding of relation between the person who made it with his dedication and
efforts in innovation for increasing the performance of technology (Bhat, 2017). The person
does his best for making, transferring and apply all his gathered knowledge in it. He does all
this by continuously researching and examining all activities of government and private
organisations. Sometimes they even go through these industries for performing their task of
innovation (Ollila & Yström, 2017). Hence, the performance of UK is majorly depending on
the brilliant work of their innovators. They use both modern and their ancient technology in
creating a flexible and relevant environment of information.
With all studies of innovations, technological innovation is a modern system which is
constructed by taking care of all the scientific areas of dealing. It helps in identifying the
change in rate and behaviour in technological sector (Löfsten, Business and innovation

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resources: Determinants for the survival of new technology-based firm, 2016). It is a network
of people who made it and they interact with everyone in specific areas of their organisation
under this institute which deals in creating, altering and utilizing this technology.
Actors are the persons who do the innovations by taking the right decisions and taking major
actions relating to generation, diffusions and usage of technology. Institution is pillar for
innovation system. They create rules and regulations in society or in nation they can be
formal or informal (Banerjee, Wahl, & Panigrahi, 2018). Formal ones are those who create
rules under order of government or any superior while informal are those which is created by
interaction of different persons
Technological factors are composed of various products and configuration to make
innovations. They create a base for economic value of such innovation by including the
technology and remaining cost and safety (Sjödin, Frishammar, & Eriksson, 2016). Critical
approach is used in areas of various analysis such as; business analysis and data analysis. All
these are the activities which help in evaluation and recognition for growth of business.
Research Methodology
Research Design
It includes various methods which are used in collection and analysing measures of the
different variables stated in the problem. In this we have used the fixed and flexible or
quantitative and qualitative design mix research design for producing a qualitative product.
Through this research design the researcher get help to know the beliefs about the change in
needs and wants of the customers. Hence, this research design helps in attaining the aims and
objectives in specified time period.
Research strategy
In this research, the secondary data of research is being use to gather the information about
the change of the needs and wants of the customers. This research design helps the researcher
to get the recent trends and recent development in the market and its competition. Along with
a literature review will used by researcher to accomplish the aim and objectives of research.
In this review, secondary data sources such as; annual reports, journal articles, books are

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being used to get depth information about the topic. This information helps the researcher to
generate a valid or reliable outcome.
Data Collection Method
Data gathering method is used to meet the aims and objectives of research design by allowing
the researcher to gather all the information efficiently and effectively. The main method used
in this research to gather data is secondary data. It includes journal articles, academic
publication, textbooks, online sources, company’s websites and offline sources. This is an
effective method of collection of data because it provides authentic information in less time
and in less cost.
Analytical approach
Establishing Analytical hierarchy process is a good methodology that can be used by
organisation (Chen, Yin, & Mei, 2018). It is mostly used for taking out more solutions with
the help of comparison. In this all the already gathered and previous data is taken and then
compared with the current situation. It is done with creating pairs and outcome is taken on the
most important consideration of comparison. Outcome result help in setting ranks among
alternatives. All the comparisons were made with the help of the opinions of experts in
related fields and scholars which help in taking care of the situation. It is very simple and
handy technique which can be understood by consumers (Natalicchio, Ardito, Savino, &
Albino, 2017). It is only applicable by taking care of best software to get matrices based on
priorities by generating the comparison matrices. It also has a disadvantage that in this every
issue solution lies on one another.
In this review, it provides the solutions of various issues by identifying the recent as well as
past relevant information. As past data is being neglected or provide the past outcomes which
are very useful for making better decisions. It provides a guideline to the experts and
innovators that where to look for specific information, from this the new innovators also get a
path to follow and not lost in whole information. The research framework takes care of
different parts of evolution of different methods (Hossain, 2015). The disapproving factors of
transfer of technology are concerned on what is done in analytical hierarchy process.
Literature Review

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Literature review provides so many creative ideas which help in manufacturing new product
or in production of existing one with new changes. In making changes in the existing product
it is important to know all about the existing one. All this is done with the help of experts. So,
it is very beneficial if one can get an advice from successful persons it will help in their
growth (Meissner & Kotsemir, 2016). Sometimes the past information is not relevant to the
new product because the demand of the customers will change with time. They always want
something new and different from the last one, thought this company can make a new
product. This analytical approach is best one to propose to company for managing innovation
and technology transfer in less time and very efficiently.
The Data and research analysis helps in doing the numerical work more easily and efficiently
by providing all the gathered data relating to different modes and procedures that will help in
innovation of a product (Schmitz, Urbano, Dandolini, de Souza, & Guerrero, 2017). But
sometimes the data may be vary and not appropriate for the same. If the recorded data taken
by the manufacturer is wrong for the new product then the final result of the innovation will
be disastrous and the product will decline in the market. The finding result of this analysis
will be positive is necessary for the growth of the new product in the market.
Sometimes new innovators were appointed by the company on the positions which not
possesses proper training and the knowledge to develop innovative products. Sometimes this
technique is not so good for them because they have lack of experience in this; they can take
the advice in wrong direction and make loss through it (Ungureanu, Pop, & Ungureanu,
2016). And to make the changes in that wrong product some changes should be done which
include more time and expenses with it. Every situation has two faces, One which show the
positive and negative one. Hence, the mentioned technique affects the new product in
positive or may be in negative form. No argument that it is a good technique and very helpful
for the new innovators but it also has some negative aspects with it. So, one must take care of
all these points while taking the decision on that gathered information.
Result and analysis
This analytical process is made to get proper information of innovation and technology. It is
generated by getting all inputs of experts or of innovators. It is covered in various numbers
such as; different matrices of all expenses and importance of comparison done by analytical
hierarchy process. This process helps in getting out all the concern reasons of transfer of
technology by evaluating it with all factors of it (Carayannis, Sindakis, & Walter, 2015). This

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hierarchy has three levels:-Its first stage it tells about objective of evaluation all concerning
factors in transfer of technology. On second part, the five major factors were listed out such
as; problem in relation to management and strategy, benefit of economic, benefits of
marketing and forces, technicality and major issue of regulation. At last stage, it is concerned
with making of decision, various parts in each and every approach of transfer of technology is
ranked as per their process and importance. Data is being gathered from various analytical
approaches that is already discussed and is going to implement for the creation of a new
innovative product with the motive to satisfy all the needs and wants of its customers by
taking help of modern digital technology. After evaluating all those points a best decision is
being taken out from the proposed methodology process to implement it in the company.
Findings
This process of analytical approach is very effective in carrying out new innovations. These
support the organisation in technology transfer and maintaining the supply value in relation to
new inventions and recent changes in old ones (Leenders & Dolfsma, 2016). As outcome of
the proposed methodology and making a decision on it and creating a perfect product the
company will see whether there is increase in profit of organisation through adopting that
technique or not. This gained data is treated as a best remedy for the manufacturers to
produce a new product.
Suggestions on research
In this the Analytical hierarchy process technique is the best way to develop a new product.
The data and all the relevant facts and figures will prove very effective for the taking right
decisions to implement new ideas of inventions (Coccia, 2017). If there is no information
then the making of new innovative product will be on high risk that whether it is going to
meet all the requirements of clients of not. So, having the past data will help in taking a best
decision for the future of company and creating a new product or modifying in the existing
one. Along with this if the company is having more knowledge of recent trends it will also
help them in developing a better product.
Risk factor
After making of product the company with the help of innovators comes one step close to the
issue solving stage, as the product recently come is market it may have some technical issues

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that can create the issue in non-supportive nature of the product (Caiazza, 2016). This is
done with the help of the professionals in the organisation. They resolve the issue by taking
care of the risk and make product proper functioning. By applying this approach the chances
will be reduced of the failure until the research is done in right path.
Explanation of situation with example
The above stated various analytical approaches is proposed to be the best solution because no
product can be made that perfect in which there is no error or mistakes lies. The persons uses
this approach which are introduced by the innovators, even they are not producing the perfect
product from these methods. This analytical hierarchy process is done by dividing the product
in small portions and then identifies solution of each part separately (Farinha, Ferreira, &
Gouveia, 2016). This is very efficient as it provide effective solution that which one is good
and how and where to install it in organisation by gathering all the relevant information about
the change on market.
On the deeper side of this solution, this approach is very efficient, because it reduces time in
doing the portions of the problem and then identifies solution of each portion in a hierarchy
form. After this each portion of it is dependent on one another, the final result will come
more reliable and efficient (Wei, Thurasamy, & Popa, 2018). So it is a good point of this
technique.
For example, AMD is a company in UK which deals in designing processors it reached in top
50 innovative organisations of all time. Its technology of creating of processor is used by all
other companies of the world which manufacture phones and gadgets, Computer and internet.
It also provides the cloud space for storing data to its customers. This company use different
techniques that takes cares all the analysis approaches for creating new and innovative
products techniques such as; hierarchy process, review of literary, research analysis, and so
on (Prokop & Stejskal, 2017). All these techniques help in making an effective and efficient
product which helps in increasing the turnover of the whole organisation.
Another example is, Amazon it deals in providing the goods and services to its customers.
It’s all work depends upon the change in the technology and change in needs and demands of
customers. It also uses different sources of collection of data and effectively uses the
analytical approach for managing new innovations in his services and products and transfer
of technology to better use the information for his long term growth. They get the information

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through secondary data such as; internet sites, journals, newspapers and evaluate them for
creating a better strategy and taking a better decision for their future.
Conclusion
From the entire mentioned report one can say that the technology transfer in creating
innovative products plays an important role as it help in changing the current process of
organisation according to the new innovative product. The current technology by getting
helps form networking make the work more effective and efficient. The recent technology
help in getting more efficient and effective software’s by providing users certain network
which is computer and smartphone based. Such as; Windows 10, Ubuntu, UNIX and many
more, these software’s help in reducing the amount of work from the innovators by giving
them automatic work function by using MS excel, PowerPoint, etc. All the documentation
work is being done completely in all the office app, presentation work is done in power point
and all the tables or bar diagrams is drawn in E-draw devices, etc.
Different approaches were used by innovators to solve different problems which came out
during manufacturing of new product. But proposed best approach is hierarchy process,
which proved very effective for the innovators. In these techniques the situation is explained
and process of identifying the solution is identified by segregation of those issues and then
identifies all the solutions for them to make new product more successful in market. There
are some drawbacks of these situations because these all are interrelated to each other such
as; they involve more time in solving these, sometimes the data may be vary, or the previous
guidelines are not fit on the recent situation. Because the requirement of the customers
change according to the change in time or in their needs and wants which they compare it
with the previous product than only purchase them.
Bibliography

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Andersson, U., Dasí, A., Mudambi, R., & Pedersen, T. (2016). Technology, innovation and
knowledge: The importance of ideas and international connectivity. Journal of World
Business, 51(1), 153-162.
Banerjee, S., Wahl, F., & Panigrahi, K. (2018). Technology, Innovation and Knowledge
Transfer: a Value Chain perspective. nternational Journal of Mechanical Engineering
and Technology, 9(1), 1145-1161.
Bhat, J. (2017, October 4). Managing Innovation : Understanding How Continuity and
Change are Interlinked. Retrieved July 18, 2019, from Springers link:
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03396579
Caiazza, R. (2016). A cross-national analysis of policies affecting innovation diffusion. The
Journal of Technology Transfer, 41(6), 1406-1419.
Carayannis, G., Sindakis, S., & Walter, C. (2015). Business model innovation as lever of
organizational sustainability. The Journal of Technology Transfer,, 40(1), 85-104.
Chen, J., Yin, X., & Mei, L. (2018). Holistic innovation: an emerging innovation paradigm.
International Journal of Innovation Studies, 2(1), 1-13.
Coccia, M. (2017). Sources of technological innovation: Radical and incremental innovation
problem-driven to support competitive advantage of firms. Technology Analysis &
Strategic Management, 29(9), 1048-1061.
Cunningham, S. (2018, March 20). Four functions of innovation and technology
management. Retrieved July 18, 2019, from Innovation Coach:
https://innovationcoach.co.za/2018/03/20/four-functions-of-innovation-and-
technology-management/