Human Impact on Marine Fisheries and Pollution Report

This report investigates the decline of marine fisheries, attributing the decline to emerging pollutants such as plastics, microplastics, waterborne inorganic mercury, and chromium. The study explores the adverse effects of microplastics on marine organisms, detailing ingestion, bioaccumulation, and ecological risks. It further examines the impact of heavy metals, specifically mercury and chromium, from industrial and human activities, highlighting their toxic effects on fish tissues and the broader aquatic ecosystem. The report analyzes the sources of these pollutants, their ecotoxicological consequences, and the need for mitigation strategies, emphasizing the role of human activities in disrupting marine life and the importance of addressing pollution to protect marine ecosystems.

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STUDENT NAME:
STUDENT ID:
TOPIC: THE DECLINE OF MARINE FISHERIES DUE TO EMERGING
POLLUTANTS
DATE: 11-06-2019

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Introduction
A serious threat to the marine environment is recognized due to plastics and microplastics
present in marine envrionment. Water pollution is the major issue that is observed in global
abundance and it weights to a major scale of identifying a threat to marine life. There are
negative consequences as ecological risks are higher than the major risk of entanglement such as
death of marine animals. The major objective of the paper is to determine the decline of marine
fisheries due to emergent pollution in the water. The potential source and the reason for exposure
are determined with complex ecotoxicological effects.
The occurrence of microplastics in marine organism
There are adverse effects of microplastics to marine life with large organisms that have lethal
consequences. The presence of plastics have largely hampered the major difficulties to the
animal tissues. There is ingestion that feeds mechanisms and considers the discrimination
between trophic level and food chain. There are filter-feeding bivalves that are observed due to
mechanisms. A pathway is observed that consists of studies on marine species obtained from
several laboratory conditions. Plastic pellets are in a mass stranded amount in the ocean and this
leads to water pollution. The organisms containing particles in the gastrointestinal tract are
largely observed in pelagic Mediterranean species. Their invertebrates can largely be used for
environmental microplastics. The impact of plastic debris in oceans have been a subject of
debate and this is well recognized with loss of perception, economic repercussions and
environmental value (Avio, Gorbi and Regoli 2016, 5).
Numerous marine-related issues are observed due to water pollution that human beings are
largely responsible for the same. The release of pollutants in the marine environment is
absolutely the major reason of pollution. The biological toxins and the chemicals are observed in
the marine environment and this leads to ecological effects and food chain in marine animals like
fish. The chemicals and plastics observed in the ocean need to be addressed with extended
resistance to change. The improvements in marine surroundings need to be implemented with the
cleaning process and keep the oceans clean without using plastics. The biological effects are
dangerous and this is observed in ecotoxicological effects with the condition of loss of life of

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marine animals. The danger and threat to marine life are significantly studied while confirming
the effects of growth in public awareness and educational campaigns.
Waterborne inorganic mercury
Due to the increased use of toxic metals, water, and air pollution has raised the level of toxic
materials. The industrial age has a widespread occurrence of toxic metals that is related to marine
life danger. A tremendous amount of toxins in the river have led to several water decreases. The
city sewage and industrial effluents have continuously damaged marine life. The rivers and
oceans have a high amount of metals when the studies were conducted with aquatic plants,
water, turtles and fish samples. The results led to the high level of metals in the river which
seems that the water plants and turtle tissues were damaged due to the metal used by human
beings. Humans are the major cause of disturbance in the marine environment.
Mercury is extremely a toxic element while this is high affinity that is considered with a stronger
impact of cadmium and sulfide. The study was conducted to find out the results of Hg in tissues
like gills, skin, liver, eyes, and muscles of fingerlings of carp (Ahmed, Aslam and Khan 2011,
178). The use of inorganic and methyl element in fish were exposed which revealed the
condition of marine life to be on a serious note. Thereby it is largely focused that the possible
terms and conditions of using metal in the industry must be regulated. The single breed
fingerlings studies conducted have a hardness of mercuric chloride. The result shows that the
accumulation of ethyl was observed in the skin of fish. A treatment to be taken for the heavy
metal contamination is necessary as it destroys the marine environment and aquatic ecosystem.
The water quality is disturbed due to a large number of toxins in the water.
Chromium toxicity
There is a toxicological impact that is observed in the marine environment. due to several
consequences, the change in the aquatic environment largely observed. Human errors such as
mining, waste disposal, and combustion lead to disturbance in marine life. The aquatic
environment has a large amount of wastes that ultimately is deposited in the oceans and rivers.
Heavy metals are the metallic elements that disturb the environment and are traced that may
disturb the tissues and organs of marine animals. The cellular organelles are influenced by heavy

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metals and enzymes that are in the process of detoxification. Chromium accumulation occurs in
several sorts of tissues and is found in kidneys, gills, and liver of fish (Aslam and Yousafzai
2017, 1490). This leads to chemical and physical properties of seasonal changes that occur due to
several factors in terms of intensification of heavy metals. There are acute effects of chromium
exerts that is observed in the marine environment.
Conclusion
Due to water pollution, the aquatic life is disturbed and human beings are responsible at some
extent for the threat that has been created due to several reasons such as the use of plastics,
toxins or heavy metals. The heavy metals and wastage are disposed in the river and seas which
disturbs the life of marine animals. There are several studies that are conducted and been
presented in the paper that state the decline of marine life due to human errors. The amount of
metal and toxins is influenced by human beings issues in terms of working in industrial areas.
The age, skin, tissues, and species are affected due to the accumulation of metals.

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References
Avio, C.G., Gorbi, S., & Regoli, F., 2016. “Plastics and microplastics in the oceans: From
emerging pollutants to emerged threat.” Marine environmental Research. 3: 1-10.
Ahmed, M.S., Aslam, Y., & Khan, W.A., 2011. Absorption and bioaccumulation of water-borne
inorganic mercury in the fingerlings of grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella. The Journal of
Animal and Plant Sciences, 21(2): 176-181.
Aslam, S., & Yousafzai, A.M., 2017. Chromium toxicity in fish: A review article. Journal of
Entomology and Zoology Studies. 5(3): 1483-1488.