This dissertation delves into the significant challenges impacting the marketing and distribution of petroleum products within Nigeria, with a specific focus on Capital Oil plc. The study meticulously examines the various issues hindering the performance of oil and gas companies in Nigeria, highlighting the crucial role of the petroleum industry in the nation's economic development. It identifies key players, including refineries and petrol stations, and their contributions to the market. The research investigates the challenges in distribution networks, inefficient management, and market dynamics. The dissertation employs a thorough methodology, including literature reviews, research design, and data analysis. Findings reveal significant transportation issues, inadequate petrol station infrastructure, and ineffective distribution channels. The study concludes with recommendations for improving marketing and distribution strategies, suggesting ways to enhance performance within the Nigerian petroleum sector, and offers insights for further academic research on the subject.