This report provides a comprehensive overview of marketing essentials, focusing on the roles and responsibilities of the marketing function within an organization. It examines how marketing relates to the broader organizational context and the external marketing environment. The report then delves into the 7 Ps of the marketing mix, using McDonald's and Subway as examples, to illustrate the practical application of these elements. Finally, it presents a detailed marketing plan specifically for McDonald's, including company overview, mission and vision statements, marketing objectives, STP approach (Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning), marketing budget, and a sales analysis. The analysis covers key aspects such as product, price, place, promotion, people, processes, and physical evidence, offering a holistic understanding of marketing strategies and their implementation.