Analysis of Management and Operations at Marks and Spencer (Unit 4)

This report provides an in-depth analysis of Marks & Spencer's (M&S) operations management, leadership styles, and strategic approaches. It begins with an overview of M&S, its founding, and its business objectives. The report then delves into operation management, exploring models like Lean man...Read More

MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION (MARKS
AND SPENCER)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Operation management
PESTLE
SWOT
Leadership
Difference between role of leader and manager
Difference between leader and manager
Conclusion
References

Operation management
As per the view of Sheshi, A. and Kërçini, (2017) Operation management
involve managing and administrating various operations attached to the
organization structure of the M&S.
 Operation management involve implementing all the associated operations
of the company in a way the organization can achieve the higher level of
efficiency from all the operations of the company
Overview of Company
Marks and Spencer(M&S) is a retail company based in UK..
 Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer are the founder of the company.
Company started its business operations in the year 1884

Cont..
Enable to achieve business objectives
 Kamarulzaman,( 2016) stated Operation management enable the company management to achieve the overall
business objectives.
 Optimum utilization of resources is among the key objective of operation management.
Abuzaid, (2016) stated that The management of M&S plan all its business operations in a way that the company
can achieve the best operation efficiency within the estimated time frame.
Improve productivity:
 Operation management play the key role in improving the productivity of the employee's of the company.
Optimum resource utilization
 Operation management play the very crucial role in utilizing all the company's resources in the most optimum
manner.

Models of operation management
Lean manufacturing
This is the model that helps the company in minimizing cost by using resources
in effective manner.
Six sigma
This is the tool that ensure effective utilization of resources so that operational
efficiency can be improved
Management of Marks and Spencer can apply the six sigma approach of
operation management as it is best feet for the organization structure of company.
Factors impact over operation management
Technological Factor
Market
Economic Factor
Climatic

Cont..
Leadership and management make various decisions to improve the operation efficiency of the company.
Technological Factor
The leadership and management take various decisions related to the inclusion of new technologies in the
organization structure
Market
 Market is among the major business environment factor that effect the decision making of management and
leaders in M&S.
Economic Factor
Economic factor involve the economic situation of UK. Economic situation carry the big influence over
corporate world as is has the huge involvement in major decision making related to the business.
Climatic: Among the major factors of business environment that impact the decision making of management
regarding the operation management climatic factor is also the one of them.

Leadership Style and model
Situational Leadership
 Situational leadership emphasis more over the
current situations of the organization.
 Situation theory of leadership is among the major
theory's leadership of M&S apply.
 After analyzing about the current situation of
organization the most optimum decisions are taken that
can potentially support the current ongoing business
situation under the situation leadership.
Situation leadership is not an effective leadership
theory in case of long term organsiation growth.

Difference between role of leader and function of
manager
Basis of Difference Role of Leader Function of Manager
Work Practice
planning
Leaders set vision for the organisation.
Leaders apply various work practices to convert the set
vision into reality.
Managers follow the set goal of the organization.
Managers in M&S focus over same practices to conduct all
the operations of the company.
Manager initiate operations with the planning.
For example in Marks and Spencer managers plan all
operations in the beginning.
Initiate Change Leaders are knows as the change agents.
Leaders in M&S are very mush keen towards initiating
various changes as per the current market demand and
also the requirement of the business.
Managers in M&S has also initiated several changes based
on the operational demands like introducing new
machineries and other associated changes in the organization
structure.
Organising Leaders are well known for the risk taking abilities.
Leaders organise operations with the risk taking
approach.
Managers also take risk but in a set limit.
Managers organise operations with less risk involve in it.
For example managers organise all operations in Marks and

Differences between leader and
manager
Leaders and managers in M&S play various roles in
implementing various operations of the company.
Arrange Resources
 Managers and leaders play the significant role in providing
various resources for different operational functions of the
company.
 Resources play the key role in implementing all the
operational functions of the company.
Managers and leaders evaluate about the various
requirements such as human resources, technological
requirements and other requirements attached with the
operational function and based on the need suitable resources
provided to all the associated departments in the company..

Cont..
Strategies Formation
 Leaders and management also involve in the strategy formation attached to the various operations of
the company.
 Strategy formation involve planning the various stages attached with the task and set a proper
hierarchy to implement such task.
Inspire Employee’s
 Management and leaders play the crucial role in inspiring employee's to achieve the higher level of
efficiencies in conducting all the operational tasks.
 The management and leaders give various performance based incentives and rewards to motivate
and inspire all the human resources of the company.
Addressing problems
 Leaders and managers in M&S play the crucial role in addressing various issues associated with the
employee's and operations of the company.

Conclusion
This presentation concluded about the differentiation between the role and characteristics of
leaders and managers.
Managers take less risk in operating and managing operations.
Manager play crucial role in planning and organising operations of company.
Leaders use situation leadeship and other relative theories to operate functions.
Models like lean manufacturing and other models are used for operations management.
Factors like political, technological factors affect the operations management.
What are the aspects that created a difference between the role and characteristics of leader and
manager is concluded in this report.
Various business situations are concluded in this report that expresses about how differently the
role of leader and function of manager applied in various operational situations.

References
Kamarulzaman, A., 2016. The Role of Leadership in Filling the Skills Gap. Journal of Administrative
Management, Education and Training.12(6). pp.501-506.
Sheshi, A. and Kërçini, D., 2017. The role of Transactional, Transformational and Participative
Leadership in performance of SME's in Albania. Albanian Journal of Agricultural Sciences.
Abuzaid, A.N., 2016. Testing the impact of strategic leadership on organizational ambidexterity: A
field study on the Jordanian chemical manufacturing companies. International Journal of Business and
Management.11(5).pp.328-339.
Ardichvili, A. and Zavyalova, E.K., 2017. Leadership development in the Russian Federation.
In Leadership development in emerging market economies.(pp. 37-53). Palgrave Macmillan, New
York.