This report analyzes Marks & Spencer (M&S), a global retail firm, by examining the internal and external factors influencing its operations. It employs SWOT and PESTLE analyses to assess M&S's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, as well as the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors affecting the company. The report highlights opportunities like e-commerce expansion and market segmentation, while acknowledging threats such as intense competition. Internal strengths include a diverse product range and strong supplier relationships, contrasted by weaknesses like perceptions of its target market and declining sales in some outlets. The PESTLE analysis explores the impact of European integration, economic conditions, consumer preferences, technological advancements, environmental concerns, and legal regulations on M&S's business strategies. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of these analyses for effective strategic planning and business activity execution. The report references multiple academic sources to support its findings.