Comprehensive Report: Management Analysis of Marks & Spencer Company

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the management structure and functions within Marks & Spencer, a multinational British retailer. It begins with an introduction to management principles, outlining the processes of planning, organizing, directing, monitoring, decision-making, coordinating, and motivation. The report then delves into Marks & Spencer's organizational structure, discussing flat, functional, divisional, and matrix structures. Key business functions, including marketing, HR, IT, and finance, are examined, with a focus on the interrelationships between marketing and other departments. The report also explores Henry Fayol's five functions of management (planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling) and their relevance to Marks & Spencer. Furthermore, it covers HR and talent management, emphasizing the roles of HR in employee welfare and the importance of talent management in securing high-potential employees. Finally, the report discusses organizational culture, including different types of cultures such as clan, androcracy, market, and hierarchy, and concludes by summarizing the key findings and their implications for organizational success.

Introduction to
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
Management Structure & Business Functions ...........................................................................3
Marketing Functions ..................................................................................................................3
Management Functions ..............................................................................................................3
HR & Talent Management .........................................................................................................4
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Management refers as a process of planning, organising, directing , monitoring, decision
making , coordinating and motivations the various aspect of the organisation. The main purpose
of this report is to identify management structure and functions in respect of Marks & Spencer
organisation. It is a is a well establish multinational British retailer company. This report also
analyse the marketing and management functions of the company and also discuss the Henry
Fayol's important functions. This report determine the interrelationship between management
functions and Apart from this, identify the human resource and talent management and also
discuss about organisational culture.
MAIN BODY
Management Structure & Business Functions
Organisational Structure
Organisational structure is consider as a method in which organisational activities are
divided into organised and well coordinated manner so that each and every employees of Marks
& Spencer company can improve their performance and work in a systematic and effective way.
There are many types of Organisational structured which discussed below-
 Flat organisational Structure – This structure basically refers the traditional top- down
system of management of the organisation. This is a decentralized system of organisation.
Marks & Spencer company follow this structure (Akerkar and Hong, 2020). This structure show limited level of management and this structure mainly motivate and
encourage their employees to take decision on own. The prime advantage of this structure
such as lower operational cost, help in improve communication , improve employees
motivation and the disadvantage is that it is difficult to set in larger organisation. Functional Structure – In this structure, higher level of employees have more
responsibilities and the flow of responsibilities goes down from top to bottom. The main
advantage of this structure that it encourage employees, help groups to feel strong and
self determined. Some disadvantages such as it create silos inside the organisation and
obscures strategies fro various products. Divisional Structure- Organisations divisions have a control own their structure,
resources and operations and every division have their own teams like marketing, sales,

promotional and production. The main advantage of this structure is that it help
companies to stay flexible and allow fro rapid response of customers needs and
disadvantage consider that it simply lead the duplicate resources (Chaffey, Edmundson-
Bird and Hemphill, 2019).
 Matrix Structure- This structure demonstrate like a grid and consider as a cross
functional groups . The advantage of this structure is that it allow peer to easily choose
employees by the requirement of project and provide dynamic prospect of the
organisation. Disadvantage of this structure is create conflicts between department and
project manager.
Management Theories
The importance of management theories are more for the Marks & Spencer company
context. In management theories various theories consider such as system theory, bureaucratic
management , scientific management, contingency theory and human relation theory.
Business Functions
It is like an activity which carried out by the each and every organisation. Marks &
Spencer use many business functions which are given below- Marketing Functions -These functions are mainly responsible for the marketing of
Marks & Spencer company products and services through many promotional channels
like TV, radio, Facebook, You tubes, Twitter and many more. HR Functions- These functions basically responsible for the hiring and selection of the
employees and also give them proper training and motivational sessions. IT Functions – IT functions mainly responsible to provide high technological support
and give advancement of latest technologies so that Marks & Spencer company easily
operate all the activities (Hansen and Seierstad, 2017).
 Financial Functions – These functions responsible to prepare budget for all the
departments of the Marks & Spencer company and analyse the profit and loss.
Marketing Functions
Marketing functions are very prominent of the organisation which help to make company
more successful. The contribution of marketing functions on Marks & Spencer company is
remarkable which help in boost the company performance. Marketing department of Marks &
Spencer company also work with the other functions of the company which leads the success of

the organisation. The description of the marketing department work with other functions are
given below-
Marketing & Financial function
Marketing department of the Marks & Spencer company conduct all the marketing
activities of the products and services of the company and also help in promotional activities
through online platforms like websites, emails, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter etc. (Ialongo and
Bernardini 2018). Marketing department of the company also work together with the Financial
department. Financial department allot a proper budget for the activities of the marketing and
also remind time to time about the expenses and investment.
Marketing & HR Functions
The main work of HR department of the Marks & Spencer company is to prepare a
effective HR strategy and also recruiting, selecting, training, developing and process of the
company which make possible through the marketing department. Marketing functions helpful in
provide online applications of job so that large number of candidate come fort interview and get
a job opportunities so that highly skilled candidate also selected for the marketing team.
Marketing & IT Functions
IT department also work together with marketing department very effectively. IT
department give technological support and other advanced technological advancement that help
the marketing department in promotional and advertising activities. Marketing functions of the
company also support to IT functions in prepare proper strategical plan and policies (Nicholas
and Steyn, 2017).
Management Functions
Henry Fayol’s Five Functions of Management
Henry Fayol consider the first theorist which define “Functions of Management” in the
year 1916. Henry Fayol identifies 5 important functions of the management which are essential
for the Marks & Spencer company, the discussion of these 5 functions are given below- Planning – In this function, Marks & Spencer company prepare a plan for the business
and also consider all the basic aspects which is necessary when a company about to plan
any strategy, policies and structure. Organizing – In this Function, Marks & Spencer company organise all the planing
activities which company mentions in the planning report. Organizing is like a

implementation of planning functions so company mainly focus in this. Company
distribute project between groups so that they can help to organise in a effective manner
(Rouquette Jr and Aiken, 2020). Commanding – This function show that how Marks & Spencer company set a command
on their employees those who selected for a specific project and work. Company give
command their staff members about the particular planning projects. Coordinating – In this function, Marks & Spencer company set proper coordination with
team members so that all the team members give their best contribution for the succees of
the project.
 Controlling - Marks & Spencer company need to control all the activities so that
company easily monitor all the each and every activities related to the project plan.
Company control over all the employees day to day activities so that company easily
access their level of performance.
Interrelation of Management Functions
The interrelation of management functions are appropriate for Marks & Spencer
company. All the functions of management are linked with each other and also responsible for
organisational success. Some management functions relation with other functions are given
below- Planning – Planning function is consider the first function of the management and it also
essential because it is refers as a initial level of any project. Planning is the first think
which company do and it also related to the organising because every plan need to be
implement at some point (Slack and Brandon-Jones, 2018).
 Organising – This functions consider as a second function of the management and
prominent of the Marks & Spencer company. Every planning need a proper organising
and when plan organise success then it require a a proper command so that this function
also link with the next function of the management that is commanding. Al these function
helpful to make project successful.
HR & Talent Management
Role of HR
HR play a significant role in the welfare of the organisation. Marks & Spencer company
HR is responsible for all the crucial activities such as hire, selection, orientation, induction,

training , development , strategy and policy making of the company. All these activities
determine by the HR and human resource department of Marks & Spencer company maintain
each and every responsibilities very effectively. The role of HR is important for the employees of
the company. HR maintain proper record of there employees and also evaluate their performance
through performance appraisal system so that employees performance evaluate time to time and
it help in boost their productivity. HR also responsible to provide compensation and incentives to
the employees.
Talent Management
It is a most important methodological approach of the company which play a essential
part to make organisation more productive. Talent management of the Marks & Spencer
company is responsible for the organise a strategic process so that company easily get high
potential employees . The main motive of this to hire high skilled and talented employees who
remain longer period of time in the organisation so that company easily gain competitive
advantage which help in achieve the objective of the organisation (Manalil and et. al., 2017).
Organisational Culture
It is build create to share values, belief of the employees and also determine that how
employees need to behave inside the organisation so that all the employees should behave
properly and interact with each other in a proper manner.
Types of Organisational Culture
Various types of organisational culture which explain below - Clan Culture – This culture is important and basically rooted in the collaboration.
Company mainly focus on mentoring, nurturing and participation of employees in the
organisation. Androcracy Culture- This culture depend upon the creativity and Marks & Spencer
company employees encouraged by the company to ready to take a risk and all the
leaders have a entrepreneurial approach. All the employees give value to the innovation. Market Culture – In this culture, all the employees are result oriented and believe in to
complete their job at a right time. Employees focus on their competition.
 Hierarchy Culture – This culture mainly concern about the control on structure so that
employees coordinate properly and increase their efficiency level.

Strong culture is the one which fully determine all the organisational activities and show
high level of anticipation and commitment weak culture lead the lack of resources, values and
belief.
CONCLUSION
As per this report it is concluded that organisational structure and functions are the base
of every organisation which help in organisational growth. This report discussed about the
various functions of management and it found that all the 5 functions are interrelated with each
other. This report highlight the role and responsibilities of HR and also discussed about the
importance of talent management and organisational culture.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Akerkar, R. and Hong, M., 2020. Introduction to Emergency Management. In Big Data in
Emergency Management: Exploitation Techniques for Social and Mobile Data (pp. 1-
14). Springer, Cham.
Chaffey, D., Edmundson-Bird, D. and Hemphill, T., 2019. Digital business and e-commerce
management. Pearson UK.
Hansen, K. and Seierstad, C., 2017. Introduction: CSR and diversity management. In Corporate
Social Responsibility and Diversity Management (pp. 1-40). Springer, Cham.
Ialongo, C. and Bernardini, S., 2018. Long story short: an introduction to the short-term and
longterm Six Sigma quality and its importance in laboratory medicine for the
management of extra-analytical processes. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine
(CCLM), 56(11), pp.1838-1845.
Manalil, S. and et. al., 2017. An assessment of weed flora 14 years after the introduction of
glyphosate-tolerant cotton in Australia. Crop and Pasture Science, 68(8), pp.773-780.
Nicholas, J.M. and Steyn, H., 2017. Project management for engineering, business and
technology. Taylor & Francis.
Rouquette Jr, M. and Aiken, G.E., 2020. Introduction: Management strategies for sustainable
cattle production in Southern Pastures. In Management Strategies for Sustainable Cattle
Production in Southern Pastures (pp. 1-10). Academic Press.
Slack, N. and Brandon-Jones, A., 2018. Operations and process management: principles and
practice for strategic impact. Pearson UK.