Medical Terminology Assignment: Definitions and Detailed Explanations

This assignment provides definitions for a range of medical terms. It begins with an explanation of dermabrasion, a surgical technique for skin rejuvenation, and continues to define cytology, the study of cells, including their structure and function. The assignment then covers fibrosis, the process of tissue repair that can lead to the formation of fibrous tissues. It also defines anaerobic processes, particularly in the context of exercise physiology, and hypoglycemia, a condition of low blood glucose. Appendectomy, a surgical procedure, is explained, along with the symptoms of lethargy. The assignment also covers leukopenia, the deficiency of white blood cells, and the role of immunologists in treating immune system disorders. Furthermore, it defines cardiorespiratory endurance and cytopathology, which involves examining cells for disease diagnosis. The assignment also includes explanations of color histograms, dermatosis neglecta, and muscular hyperactivity. Overall, the assignment provides a comprehensive overview of various medical terms and concepts.

Medical Terminology
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Dermabrasion: Dermabrasion is a replenishing technique that removes the outer layers of the
skin surgically and in a controlled manner. Apart from enhancing the skin beauty and fighting
signs of ageing it is used in variety of conditions like acne scars, scars from accidents and
sometime to remove precancerous growths called keratoses.
Cytology: Cytology (“cyto” meaning cell and “logy” meaning study of) is the branch of
science that deals with the structure, function, histology and chemistry of cells. It also deals
with the interaction of cells with other similar or dissimilar cells by various biochemical and
neural mechanisms. Microscopic and histologic studies of cell have wide spreading
application in fields such as medicine, physiology, histology, diagnoses, genetics and
molecular biology to name a few.
Fibrosis: When the tissues of the body suffers from injury or damage the immune system is
stimulated and immune cells such as cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are released
for tissue repairing. These chemical messengers stimulate the production of fibrous tissues
like collagen, glycoprotein, proteoglycans, etc. These fibrous tissues when deposited in an
organ cause Fibrosis.
Anaerobic: Anaerobic refers to the absence of oxygen. In life sciences the term anaerobic is
most frequently used in relation to exercise physiology. During high intensity work the
muscle cells utilise the anaerobic mechanism of energy production to obtain instant energy
for contraction.
Hypoglycaemia: Hypoglycaemia is the medical term used define the condition when blood
glucose falls below 4mmol/L. It leads to lack of glucose supply to different parts of the body
especially to the brain. Common symptoms are dizziness, fatigue, sweating, and loss of
consciousness and so on.
Appendectomy: Appendectomy is the surgical procedure to remove the rudimentary human
organ Appendix when it suffers from inflammation. Inflammated appendix can suffer from

bacterial infection and cause harm to the surrounding bodily organs and hence appendectomy
is an emergency surgical procedure.
Lethargy: Lethargy is a medical symptom characterised by feelings of sleepiness, fatigue and
sluggishness. Often it a related to some other underlying physical or mental condition and
includes related symptoms like decreased ability to think clearly, low energy and changes in
mood.
Leukopenia: The human blood consists of several white blood cells including basophil,
eosinophil, lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils that play a major role in the immune
function of the body. The condition characterised by deficiency in any of the white blood
cells is known as leukopenia
Immunologist: Immunologists are specialist physicians trained to diagnose and treat patients
with disorders of the immune system. They work in various sectors of healthcare and treat
allergic and autoimmune disease like arthritis, diabetes, asthma etc.
Cardiorespiratory Endurance: Cardiorespiratory Endurance is described as the coordinated
functioning of the heart, lungs and the circulatory system to deliver oxygen and nutrients to
the muscle tissues during sustained physical activity. It is also responsible for removing waste
products from the working cells. It is a potent marker of fitness of an individual and is
utilised for designing training protocols.
Cytopathology: Cytopathology is the study of disease diagnosis that employs examination of
the cells of different body parts to detect the cause of the disease. The Pap test is the most
widely used cytopathology diagnostic test for diagnosis of several diseases.
Colour Histogram: Colour histograms are normal histograms that show the colour levels of
each individual colours of the Red Green and Blue (RGB) range. It helps determine the
correct exposure of each component by combining each colour channels.

Dermatosis neglecta: Dermatosis neglecta is a type of Dermatosis arising from reduced
frictional cleansing of the body surface leading to the accumulation of corneocytes, sebum
and sweat. It eventually results into hyperpigmented patches or verrucous plaques if left
untreated.
Muscular Hyperactivity: Muscular Hyperactivity is the over activity of the muscles causing
accumulation of lactic acid and eventually muscle fatigue. Several orders of treatment is
available for the treatment of muscular hyperactivity that includes initial conservative
treatment, neutralization of the cause.