Mental Health Care Delivery: Exploring Theories and Nursing Practice

This report provides a comprehensive overview of mental health care delivery, focusing on the application of various nursing theories. It delves into the definition and causes of mental disorders, the history of mental illness, and the impact of these disorders on individuals. The report highlights key treatment approaches and support systems, emphasizing the use of grand nursing theory, social theory, and recovery movement theory in practice. It explores how these theories can be applied to enhance patient outcomes, improve communication, and foster a holistic approach to care. Furthermore, the report includes a reflection on the author's personal experiences as a student nurse, detailing the challenges faced and the skills developed through the application of these theoretical frameworks. The report emphasizes the importance of effective communication, cultural sensitivity, and ethical considerations in providing quality mental health care, advocating for patient-centered approaches and the integration of family members in the treatment process. The student nurse discusses how these theories have enhanced their ability to understand patients' emotions, perceptions, and cultural backgrounds, ultimately leading to improved patient outcomes and the establishment of trusting relationships. The report concludes by highlighting the significance of self-awareness, personal coping strategies, and the promotion of patient autonomy in the recovery process.

UNDERSTANDING THE
CONTEXT OF MENTAL
HEALTH CARE DELIVERY

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
Definition and causes of mental disorder...............................................................................1
History of mental illness.........................................................................................................1
Effect of mental health illness................................................................................................2
Treatment and support............................................................................................................2
Grand nursing theory..............................................................................................................2
Social theory...........................................................................................................................3
Recovery movement theory ...................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Mental health disorders are one of the major challenges faced by nurses in there practice.
There are various key concepts that impact people with mental health issues. These issues
involve problems in personal life, feeling low or lonely, family history of suffering from mental
health disorder, physical abuse, violence or abuse faced by individual. These can be the reason
that can impact individuals mental health (McLaughlin et.al. (2015). It has been analysed that
patient suffering from mental disorders are underpinned with the feeling of anxiety, depression,
guilt and sadness. All these feelings made and individual weak, isolated and lonely. This reduces
the ability and efficiency of an individual to work.
Patient suffering from mental health disorder are not interconnected with society. They
suffer from social isolation and loneliness making them more stressed and weak. It critically
impacts there well-being. Report lays emphasis on various theories that can be used to make
patient aware about there well-being. Further it discusses experiences of me (as a future nurse)
relating to the theories with mental health nursing. Paper critically highlights that how these
theories can improve the health outcome of patient suffering from mental health disorders.
Report discusses various theories like recovery movement, social theory and grand nursing
theory.
MAIN BODY
Definition and causes of mental disorder
Mental health disorder are characterised by depressed moods or change in cognitive
behaviour. It hampers the quality of life of an individual suffering from it. In order to cure it,
nurses needs to engage in providing various therapies such as cognitive behavioural, speech,
psycho and talk therapy. These therapies have an aim to develop various ways of thinking and
behaving that can assist patients in reducing there psychological distress. I as a future nurse have
also initiated various theories such as social, grand nursing and recovery movement theory that
will support service users in improving there mental health conditions (Moran et.al. (2016).
History of mental illness
Mental health disorder has a history, it can be caused due to factors such as personal
problem, professional issue or family history. I have selected various theories in order to enhance
health outcome of patient suffering from mental health disorder. Grand theory has supported me
in designing the framework that has helped me in understanding the nursing practices. With the
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support of this model I was able to develop SMART goals and objectives which was fulfilled
within the set duration of time. My target was to provide acute care and treatment to patients
suffering from mental health disorder. This theory supported me in understanding the reasons
behind the mental health condition of service user. The disorder can be caused in an individual
because of many reasons such as family dispute, problem in professional life, unemployment,
brain injury, family history of suffering from depression or anxiety. In this condition an
individual is usually seen stressed and sad. With the help of this theory I was able to make
patient aware about the seriousness of disease.
Effect of mental health illness
Patient suffering from mental disorder can also face problems like fatigue, restlessness,
weakness, tiredness and many more. It can impact there work efficiency. Depression is one of
the major cause for sleep deceptiveness among individuals that hampers there efficiency to work
and create occupational challenges for them.
Treatment and support
Treatment such as behavioural and cognitive therapy can be given. Also, various theories
such as grand nursing, social and recovery approach can be selected.
Grand nursing theory
During my placement I am going to use grand nursing theory. This model supports in
explaining the phenomenon and principle related to nursing practices. It will assist me in
knowing what I need to have an idea about and what not (Overview of nursing theory, (2014).
This theory lays emphasis on that health care professionals while providing acute care
implements action plan with SMART goals and objectives. It focuses on that all aims set up by
nurses are adhered. Grand nursing theory will help me in understanding the basic concepts and
reason behind individual suffering from mental health disorder. It consists of conceptual
framework. This theory lays focus on that nurses gets ware about the set of beliefs and values
carried by patient suffering from chronic disease. It will also help me in guiding in how to
establish effective communication with service users. Also, this theory lays emphasis that patient
is being treated in the real environment, so that it can support them in easy recovering. It also
imparts with framework related to nursing intervention, predict outcomes and the effect of
practices done by health care professionals.
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Social theory
I have selected this theory as it will assist me in understanding the different ways of
generalisations among societies. This theory supports health care professionals in knowing the
social and spiritual needs of patients. Individuals suffering from mental health disorders are very
sensitive and even one error can hurt there sentiments. It will help me in analysing and
identifying the perception and thinking of service users. Also, by understanding there social
values thoroughly (Moran et.al. (2016). It is basically used in nursing enquiry and practice that
assist in addressing various social issues faced by patients in hospital setting.
This theory engages nurses in social practices that overall improves the well-being of
service users. It makes health-care professionals to use a holistic approach that supports mental
health patients to develop self awareness and spirituality. Also, it engages in motivating and
encouraging patient to involve in social activities so that they do not face loneliness. Social
isolation can one of the major reason for deterioration of health in service users gong through
mental health disorders. They are often surrounded with feeling of anxiety and sadness. So this
theory will allow me to engage patients in social gatherings that will reduce there feeling of
tiredness and weakness.
Social theory also lays focus that nurses perform all there practices on beliefs, perception,
values and thoughts of patients. It will assist me in understanding the cultural aspects of
individuals suffering from mental health disorder. Also, this theory emphasise that nurses
perform all there task by following the ethical principles that is honesty, autonomy and
beneficence. This will also help me in enhancing my quality of service. It will assist me in
building a healthy relationship with patient suffering from mental disorder. Patient will also
posses a positive image for me in there mind.
Recovery movement theory
I have selected recovery approach in order to cure service user suffering from mental
health disorder as it emphasise and supports an individual potential for recovery. It helps in
creating self awareness and self supportive relationship that enhances there health outcome.
Also, this model will help me in developing a feeling of confidence and esteem in individuals
suffering from psychological disorders. This can make them feel more appreciated and enhances
there ability to perform various tasks. It will assist service users in overcoming loneliness and
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social isolation. Connectivity and supportive relationship develops a hope in the mind of users
that they would be able to recover (Hiscock et.al. (2015).
This model also emphasis on establishing an effective communication so that nurses can
encourage service users to participate in activities which interests them. It can be any activity
like physical exercise such as yoga, aerobics or dance. They can also invest there time in art and
craft activities that will divert the mind of patient suffering from mental disorder. I as a future
nurse will support service user in developing the relationship with me as well as other individual
that assists them in recovering. Recovery approach supports in developing personal coping
strategies that is the most important factor in enhancing the health outcome of service users.
This theory also focus on that after implementing recovery approaches change is been
inherent in patient. It assists service users in bringing an alteration in there cognitive behaviour.
Also, it underpinned nurses with skills and techniques that supports them in analysing and
monitoring the keen signs of changes seen patient while undergoing therapy. It will also help me
in encouraging patient to communicate with me, so that I would be able to identify the needs and
wants of users. Also, this therapy will support patient in recognising and understanding things
while listening.
Reflection of my own experience
Social theory has supported me in understanding the belief, values, culture of patient. It
has made my communication effective so that I am better able to understand needs and demands
of service users suffering from mental disorder. Also, this model lays emphasis on holistic
approach which has made me look as a person in whole. With the help of social theory I was able
to better analyse signs and symptoms of depression. (Moran et.al. (2016).
. I was able to analyse the main reason behind causes of depression with the help of social
theory. Also, in my placement I was able to give acute care on basis of patients values and
culture. With this, I was better at making service users understand about the value of involving in
activities that can divert there mind. These activities can lay a positive impact on there life. Also,
with the help of social theory I was able to realise that effective communication is most
important for enhancing the health and well-being of patient suffering from mental health
disorder.
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Recovery approach has helped me to create self-awareness and individual potentiality so
that the patients overcome the feeling of guilt, shame and fear. With the help of this theory I was
able to encourage service users to participate in physical activities that can enhance there well-
being. Also, model assisted me in utilising the ethical principles. I ensured that in my placement
all the decisions related to the treatment is been made by patient itself. Also, I have included
family member in decision making process, so that judgements taken are best for the patient.
This theory also lays emphasis on person centred approach which has allowed me to use
effective communication. By this I was able to give emotional support to patients that helped me
in building relationship of trust with service users. Also, this laid a positive impact on the mind
of service users.
Challenges faced
Using various theories had made me better understand the situation faced by mental
health disorder patients. But, I have faced challenges while dealing with service users. At first, I
was not able to clearly understand what a patient wants. Also, by seeing there conditions I was
not able to control and handle my emotions. I overthink about there situation. At first for me it
was quiet difficult to understand the different aspects of culture followed by patients of mental
health disorder.
Development as a mental health student nurse
I have selected various theories such as social, grand nursing and recovery theory. By
using these models I had improved much in my working. Now, I am better able to understand the
emotions and perceptions of patients suffering from mental health disorder. As, a mental student
nurse, by using these theories I was able to enhance my communication skills (Moran et.al.
(2016). I have made use of proper gestures such as keeping my voice low, active listening,
making eye contacts. This helped me in establishing friendly relationship which is quiet
important for enhancing the health outcomes of patients.
As a student nursing by using these theories I was involved in analysing and evaluating
main reason behind the occurrence of these factors. (Moran et.al. (2016). Social and recovery
approach has enhanced my communication skills. Also, with better communication I was able to
establish a positive relationship with patients and there family members. I was able to provide
them acute support at the time of difficulty. These theories have helped me in improving my
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quality of treatment. Also, with the support of approaches I was able to better understand the
situation of patients
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it has been summarised that individual suffering from mental
health disorder are found to be weak, depressed, anxious and stressed. For curing this various
theories has been used. Social theory has helped in implementing social values while providing
care to patients. It has assisted in better understanding the perception and thoughts of service
users. Recovery model has assisted nurses in making individuals self aware that enhanced there
health outcome. Various challenges are also faced such as difficulty in understanding the
different cultural aspects of individuals while using these theories.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
McLaughlin, K. A., Koenen, K. C., Friedman, M. J., Ruscio, A. M., Karam, E. G., Shahly, V., ...
& Andrade, L. H. (2015). Subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder in the world health
organization world mental health surveys. Biological psychiatry.77(4). 375-384.
McLaughlin, K. A., Koenen, K. C., Friedman, M. J., Ruscio, A. M., Karam, E. G., Shahly, V., ...
& Andrade, L. H. (2015). Subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder in the world health
organization world mental health surveys. Biological psychiatry.77(4).375-384.
Hiscock, H., Sciberras, E., Mensah, F., Gerner, B., Efron, D., Khano, S., & Oberklaid, F. (2015).
Impact of a behavioural sleep intervention on symptoms and sleep in children with
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and parental mental health: randomised
controlled trial. Bmj. 350.h68.
Outcalt, S. D., Kroenke, K., Krebs, E. E., Chumbler, N. R., Wu, J., Yu, Z., & Bair, M. J. (2015).
Chronic pain and comorbid mental health conditions: independent associations of
posttraumatic stress disorder and depression with pain, disability, and quality of
life. Journal of behavioral medicine.38(3).535-543.
Atwoli, L., Stein, D. J., King, A., Petukhova, M., Aguilar‐Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., ... & Maria
Haro, J. (2017). Posttraumatic stress disorder associated with unexpected death of a
loved one: Cross‐national findings from the world mental health surveys. Depression
and anxiety.34(4). 315-326.
Moran, P., Romaniuk, H., Coffey, C., Chanen, A., Degenhardt, L., Borschmann, R., & Patton, G.
C. (2016). The influence of personality disorder on the future mental health and social
adjustment of young adults: a population-based, longitudinal cohort study. The Lancet
Psychiatry.3(7). 636-645.
Online
Overview of nursing theory, 2014 [ONLINE] Available through:
<http://www.oita-nhs.ac.jp/journal/PDF/12_2/12_2_3.pdf>
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