This report examines the prevalence of mental health issues, particularly depression, among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in Australia, highlighting the higher rates of suicide and substance abuse compared to non-Indigenous youth. It critically assesses existing intervention strategies, including community prevention programs, gatekeeper training, and culturally tailored approaches, drawing from peer-reviewed studies and reports. The report also discusses the application of the Theory of Change in evaluating complex mental health interventions. Recommendations emphasize the need for culturally sensitive, community-based prevention efforts, and early intervention strategies to address the unique challenges faced by Indigenous youth, aiming to reduce suicide rates, substance abuse, and improve overall mental well-being within these communities. The report concludes by underscoring the importance of culturally appropriate and community-driven solutions.