MG414 Organisational Behaviour: Motivation and Perception at Tesco

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on the critical aspects of motivation and perception within the context of Tesco, a multinational groceries merchandise headquarter. It delves into the importance of motivation, distinguishing between intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and examines Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory in relation to employee satisfaction. The report identifies the problem of unmotivated employees and proposes several solutions, highlighting the importance of recognition and rewards. Furthermore, it explores theories of perception, including Gregory’s top-down theory and Gestalt theory, addressing the issue of employer attitude towards employees and suggesting improved communication strategies. The primary research section presents findings from a questionnaire distributed among Tesco employees, providing insights into their satisfaction levels, preferred incentives, and factors affecting their perception at the workplace. The report concludes with recommendations aimed at enhancing employee motivation and fostering a positive work environment within Tesco.

MG414 ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................4
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................4
Topic 1:Motivation......................................................................................................................4
Importance of motivation............................................................................................................5
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory.........................................................................................5
Problem – Unmotivated employees.............................................................................................6
Solutions......................................................................................................................................6
Best Solution................................................................................................................................6
Topic 2: Perception......................................................................................................................7
Theories of perception.................................................................................................................7
Primary research..........................................................................................................................9
Recommendations......................................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................15

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Following study has highlighted the description about organisational behaviour as how it
deals with analysing the individual behaviour at workplace what motivates them and have a
impact over their work. This report has discussed the topics which are motivation and perception
along with their depth information that covers the theories on it, it also covers the description of
issues and its multiple solution for which it highlighted the comparison chart to suggest the best
one. Report also presented the primary research finding and discussion segment where it covered
the questionnaire that is based on both topics and recommendations is also there.

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour refers to the study of individual behaviour within the work place,
it also gives the insight of how employees behave in organisation and what things encourages
them to enhance their performance, thus it leads to develop the strong relationship among the
employee and organisation (Paillé and Meija-Morelos, 2019). Tesco a multinational groceries
merchandise headquarter is present in the Welwyn, England. Organization operate in the retail
sector where They have the diversification in their product a services which covers the books,
clothing, electronics, software and many more. Following report will cover the topic that are
motivation and perception rationale behind selecting this topic because motivation and
perception have major role in the organisational behaviour as it helps in determining the
employee behaviour. Report will discuss the issues in this two topic which leads to impact the
organisational performance. Thus further it will also highlight the primary research and research
and findings where the questionnaire is also made to obtain the view point of the participants
over the motivation and perception topic. It also discusses the theories over motivation and
perception and the range of multiple solution to solve the issue, it will also highlight the compare
and contrast of the ideas for carrying out the best idea.
MAIN BODY
Topic 1:Motivation
Motivation can be defined as a factor which plays an important role in encouraging a
person or an individual in order to achieve their personal or organizational goals. Motivation is
of two types, namely intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation refers to

the encouragement within an individual that arises due to their own self- generated factors. It
does not get influenced with external incentives (Rosvall-Varis, 2020). On the other hand, the
extrinsic motivation can be defined as the encouragement within an individual which arises as a
result of external incentives or a desire to get something in return.
Importance of motivation
Motivation plays an important within an organization and helps the company in achieving their
goals and objectives. The importance of motivation in an organization has been mentioned
below:
 The presence of motivation and encouragement within the employees leads to an increase
in the quality of their performance which in turn helps an enterprise in achieving the
business objectives.
 When the workforce of a company is motivated to carry out a task and is satisfied with
job, then it benefits the company and ensure organizational success. Motivation within
the workforce reduces the rate of absenteeism and also increases the of retaining the
workforce within the company.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory
As per the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, an individual has 5 types of needs which
should be fulfilled in order to get them motivated. These needs have been mentioned with respect
to the employees of Tesco plc.
Physiological needs: These are the most basic needs of an individual. The physiological needs
of human beings include the need food, clothing, shelter, water, rest and other basic survival
needs. The Tesco plc. makes sure that they fulfil the physiological needs of their workforce by
ensuring that they get sufficient number of salaries, a healthy workplace and other facilities
which enhances their satisfaction and motivates them to work hard (Ling, and Soon, 2019).
Safety needs: The needs of individual to be protected against violence, theft, emotional stability,
health and security. Tesco Plc. ensures the safety of workforce by providing them with pension
schemes.
Social needs: The social needs can be described as the needs of an individual with respect to
receiving love and belongingness with their peers and family members (Moody, 2021). For the
same, Tesco Plc. promotes an environment in which the workforce can work collaboratively.

Esteem Needs: These needs are referred to as the ego driven needs of an individual. In order to
satisfy the esteem needs of the workforce, Tesco Plc. treats the employees with respect and
provide them with equal opportunities for moving ahead in their career.
Self actualization needs: This refers to a stage, where all of the needs of an individual has been
satisfied and there is an internal desire within the employees to achieve the goals of the
company.
Problem – Unmotivated employees
Even though, the Tesco Plc. takes care of all the needs of the employees working within their
enterprise, however, it has been identified that the employees find it hard to motivate themselves
for working towards achievement of organizational goals.
Solutions
Strategies Effectiveness Time consumption cost
Recognition and
rewards
Highly effectively Moderate time Costly process
Praising and
complementing the
performance of
workforce
Effective Less time
consumption
Free of cost
Valuing the
feedbacks of
employees
Effective Moderate time Free of cost
Team work Effective Moderate time Less costly
Training and
development
programmes
Effective Time consuming
process
Expensive process
Best Solution
It has been determined that the most suitable option in order to motivate the employees
working within the organization is to recognize the efforts of the individuals and provide them
with rewards on the basis of the same (Schmid, and Dowling, 2020). Rewards may be in the
form of bonus, increasing their salaries, promoting them with higher position as well as

providing with higher responsibilities within the organization. This will help the Tesco Plc. in
motivating their employees towards achieving the main objectives and goals of the organization
and enhancing the profitability of the company by enhancing the performance of the workforce
within the enterprise.
Topic 2: Perception
Perception and its importance
Perception refers to the intellectual process for conversing the sensory stimuli into the
significant information, it is an efficient approach or evaluating something that can be views or
hear in mind to utilise it later for providing the verdict over situation (Gaube, Lermer and
Fischer, 2019). It is also found that employee perception also promotes the engagement within
the company’s resources as at workplace if there is better and supportive work culture then it
leads the employee to communicate with each other’s. Thus it helps in promoting the knowledge
sharing which is essential for carrying out any task. Through perception one can easily identifies
the environmental stimuli and certain actions, with this individual can gain the data regarding
environmental properties and aspects which are crucial for survival. Perception is important it
not only develops the experience about the things around but also enables to act within the
environment, it is very important to comprehending the one’s behaviour as how they perceive
and responds to the problems (Pan and et.al 2019). In organisational behaviour perception
provides objective result, it intakes the observation and change reality that is enriched with
experiences.
Theories of perception
Gregory’s top down theory of perception:
According to the Richard Gregory (1970) it is said that perception refers as the
constructive approach that is based on top down processing in this perception mainly initiates
with the general and it then move towards the specific. These perceptions are much higher and
impacted by the prior knowledge. Thus it also suggests that rewarding is not only mode that
influence employee perception. Therefore, Tesco firm also need to provide monetary as well as
non-monetary benefits to employees most importantly it is important to provide them secure
work culture job satisfaction also it is important for them to develop the clear line of authority
that helps employees to work efficiently.

Gestalt theory of perception:
Theory suggests that human perception is not only depend on what they are seeing
around them but is also influenced by the motivations (Kim, Moon and Shin, 2019). Thus for the
Tesco it is important to understand that at workplace there should be a culture which encourages
the employees to identify the relationship of factors that leads to problems.
Problem: Employer attitude towards employee
It is one of the major problem which the organisations face as employee always admires
their employer as how they work and manage the tasks but if there is no communication among
the employee and employer can affect the worker perception (Treglown and et.al 2018). It is
often found in some businesses that employers are somehow biases that creates negative
environment at workplace. Although Tesco is largest retailer sector but somehow employer’s
negative attitude towards the employee leads to various problem. Therefore, below are the
solutions to address the problem.
Parameters for
comparison
Idea 1: Encourage
both employers and
employees to work
together
Idea 2 : Merge the
communication gap
Idea 3: Implement
autonomy
Potency Efficient Highly efficient Effective
Time taken Initially takes more
time
Less time taken Less time taken
Success likelihood Moderate High moderate
Thus for solving the employer and employee relationship problem communication is
most prominent and potential solution, as at workplace if there is better and effective
communication then there is no such conflicts can be seen among the employee(Choi, Martins
and Bernik, 2018). Therefore, for the Tesco it is important to have the better sources for the
communication, as it also influences the individual perception about the situation and other
people. It is also found that perception also have effect on communication as how the message
and information can be conveyed and interpreted distinctly by different individuals. Therefore, it

is the best solution out of other two ideas, thus for that company can proceed to engage
employees and employers in meetings and allow them to work as employers experience and
employees dedication wi ll help in carrying out the work with greater efficiency (Kenofer, 2018).
Primary research
Primary research refers to the collection of data through open source of communication,
interviews, questionnaire that helps in obtaining the reliable and up to date data which leads to
drawing better conclusion. Main advantage of this data is that it is very close to truth which leads
to better outcome. Data in this more relevant and verifiable, in this questionnaire tool is used
which is the set of question along with the multiple choice questions (Clarke, 2021). In this study
random sampling has been made to select the 12 employees of the Tesco to obtain their view
point over the motivation and perception topic.
Questionnaire on topic motivation
Theme 1
Rate your satisfaction level within the work
place system?
Respondents
Satisfied 4
Highly satisfied 2
Dissatisfied 3
Highly dissatisfied 3
Total 12

Interpretation:
From the above graph it is summarised that majority of the respondents are satisfied with
their work culture where 2 members are highly satisfied and suggested that Firm have provided
them better working environment. While 3-3 members were dissatisfied and highly dissatisfied
according to them their work place does not have proper arrangement which motivates them to
carry out the efficient work and regarding policies and standards they are dissatisfied with it.
Theme 2
What kind of incentives does your
organisation provide?
Respondents
Rewards 7
Promotion 5
Total 12
Interpretation:
It is interpreted from the above diagrammatic representation that majority 7 of the
members suggested that their organisation provides rewards incentives which helps them to put
their maximum efforts in work, while 5 contradict and stated that promotion is the best
incentives which their firm provides an it also leads them to retain with the organisation.
Questionnaire on topic perception
Theme 3

According to you what are some factors that
affects the employee perception?
Respondents
Working conditions 4
Employer attitude towards employee 4
Business policies and standards 4
Total 12
Interpretation:
Every employee have suggested their opinion over the question 4 of the employee
supported working conditions, supported employer attitude towards workers and 4 suggested that
business policies and standards factors affects the employee perception.
Theme 4:
How your organisation improves the
employee perception?
Respondents
Engage employees 5
Promote diversity 4
Encourage employee development 3
Total 12

Interpretation
It is evaluated from above graphical representation 5 of employee believes that company
improve employee perception by engaging them. While 4 supported the diversity promotion
option and 3 believes that encourage employee development is the company’s policy for
enhancing employee perception.
Findings and discussion
It has been evaluated from the above that motivation and perception have the major
impact as how motivation in the work place creates the positive work place environment that
leads to productive work. It is important for the organisation to check the employee perception
which helps them in boosting the morale of the employees that reflects in their productive work.
Form the primary data evaluation it has been identified that employee motivation is best as it
plays a crucial role in shaping the organisational work place system more productive and
effective. Therefore from the employees opinion about both perception and motivation they
stated that motivation is the crucial factor that also impact the individual perception. They also
stated that workplace should have the better leadership that encourages them to work
productively to deliver any task with greater efficiency.
Recommendations
For the purpose of enhancing the perception of employees towards achieving the
organizational goals and encouraging them for the same, the Tesco needs to carry out the
following:
 The Tesco Plc. should provide their employees with training and development
programmes. The training and development programmes will allow the employees to