MIS603 Microservices Architecture: A Comprehensive Report for Clients

This report provides a comprehensive overview of microservices architecture, designed as a briefing document for a consulting client. It begins by defining microservices architecture and outlining its business benefits, such as improved flexibility, scalability, and fault tolerance, alongside reduced development costs and enhanced productivity. The report also addresses the challenges associated with microservices, including increased complexity in testing and network management. It traces the history of cloud computing, from mainframe systems to contemporary information systems, highlighting the evolution of software development methodologies and architectural styles. The report emphasizes the significance of software architecture in contemporary enterprises, covering various types like monolithic, client-server, and service-oriented architectures, with an emphasis on how software architecture impacts data transmission, business agility, and decision-making. The report is written from the perspective of an experienced Microservice Architect, making it accessible to both technical and non-technical audiences, and it also includes literature support and provides insights into contemporary information systems and their capabilities.

Running head: MICRO-SERVICES ARCHITECTURE
Micro services Architecture
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Table of Contents
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................2
2. Business benefits of micro services.......................................................................................3
3. Challenges of micro services.................................................................................................4
4. History of cloud computing...................................................................................................4
5. Contemporary suite of Information System...........................................................................5
5.1 Literature support.............................................................................................................6
6. Definition of Software Architecture.......................................................................................6
7. Significance of Software Architecture in contemporary enterprise.......................................7
8. Types of Software Architecture.............................................................................................8
9. Conclusion..............................................................................................................................8
10. References..........................................................................................................................10

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1. Introduction
Micro services architecture is defined as the type of architecture which are useful in
computing and software development. Software capability and the computing capability of
the software keep on changing every moment (Xu et al. 2019). There are diverse categories
of software development methodologies which are deployed by the software engineers to
make a software or a cloud computing device such as waterfall, agile and scrum. There are
numerous styles related with the development of a software and cloud computing devices
such as the monolithic architecture which were used to design a software, client server
architecture which are very much useful for the hosting cloud computing devices, layered
architecture which are very much useful for the transmission of data from one level of
processing to another, service oriented architecture which are very much useful to manage the
components of an application with the help of a communication protocol. Software as a
service is defined as the distribution model in which third party provider hosts applications
and make the data available from the online server. Micro services is defined as the type of
development technique which are used while developing software. There are diverse
categories of micro services which are deployed regarding the creation of software and cloud
computing devices such as the purchase order service, accounts service, invoice services,
reporting services and ledger services. Each of these micro services connects the framework
interface with the micro service interface.
This report shall be written in such a modus so that high level concepts of micro
services are understood by a consulting client. The report shall be written from the
perspective of an experienced Micro service Architect so that both non-technical as well as
technical people understands the business benefits and challenges of micro services.

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2. Business benefits of micro services
One of the prime benefit of micros services is that it allows the developers to write the
code based on the specifications of the software (Slater and Moore 2019). There are very low
complications related with the deployment of this software development procedure. The cost
of micro services is much less than the other software development methods such as agile.
This software development procedure has very less bugs as compared with the other software
development procedures. There are very less scalability issues related with micro services, at
the same time there are other benefits of micro services such as its simplicity and improved
flexibility.
It is very easy to build an application with the help of micro services, at the same time
the business capabilities of a business software can be improved with the help of micro
services. The productivity of the software which are built using micro services are very more
than the other architecture. Numerous cross functional teams can get the access of a software
which are created on the basis of this architecture. The fault isolation of this architecture is
very much on the higher side as well. The code for different services can be written in
different language with the help of this architecture style (Selimi et al. 2017). One of the most
significant feature of this architecture is that if one micro service fails and other micro
services shall continue working on the process without any sort of disruptions. The
communication protocols of this architecture is very much simpler and can be deployed in
any kind of application or software development. The fault tolerance of micro services is also
very much on the higher side which is the main reason behind the increasing popularity of
this architecture. This architecture is easier to maintain and debug due to its light weight.

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3. Challenges of micro services
On the other hand, it can be said that there are very few challenges related with the
use of micro services such as its complexity. Testing this architecture is very much difficult
as compared with concepts like SaaS and client server architecture. Continuous
communication among the stakeholders is required for the software development projects
which considers this micro services. The enactment of micro services depends hugely on
tools like DevOps tools such as CI/CD servers (Pahl and Jamshidi 2016). The adoption of this
additional requirement can be a source of problems for the software developers. Complexity
of the network usually has compatibility issues with micro services architecture. At the same
time, it must be said that there are numerous overhead costs related with the use of this
architecture which is one of the major drawbacks of this architectural style. The success of
this architectural style depends upon network latency and message processing power. The
load balancing of this architectural style is also much more than the other architectural styles
which are used in the software development procedure. There no real security covers of the
financial transactions which are made by the software created using micro services.
4. History of cloud computing
The concept of cloud computing was first introduced in the year 1950, when the main
frame came into existence. Dummy terminals are used in those times by the several users
who used to access a central computer. However, the cost of this demo terminals is very
much on the higher side as a result these mainframe computers were rejected in most of the
commercial establishments to reduce the additional cost. In the year 1970, IBM introduced a
new Operating System (OS) known as VM (O'Connor, Elger and Clarke 2017). Simultaneous
operations can be conducted on VM which is entirely based on the concept of virtualization.
Virtualized private network are offered by the telecom operators in 1990 with point to point

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services at much reduced cost. In the late 20s diverse categories of software distribution
models were introduced such as the Software as a Service and Platform as a Service.
The categorization of the cloud which are now available in the market are hybrid,
community, public and private cloud. Public cloud is very much easier to install as compared
with the other type of cloud services, at the same time this cloud service costs lower than
private cloud (Mitchell and Jones 2019). Private cloud is also referred as internal cloud can
restrict the number of users to improve the security of the data which are accessed from this
cloud service. The resource which are shared by more than one entity is termed as the
community cloud. The combination of two or more clouds is termed as the hybrid cloud.
5. Contemporary suite of Information System
The needs and expectations of the business organizations which uses business
software and cloud computing services keep on changing every moment (Miller et al. 2019).
The latest development in the field of IT has led to the growth and development of new
technologies which supports the cloud computing systems in a better modus as compared
with the previous technologies. The support provided from concepts like virtualization, grid
computing, and utility computing are very much useful to bring the best from the cloud
computing systems. In the year 2002, when retail organization Amazon used a cloud
computing infrastructure model which enhanced the capacity of their computer system and
soon after this success most of the other global commercial organizations started using this
infrastructure model.
Google Corporation introduced their own document service which is an Ajax based
program and was created with the help of HTML in the year 2007. Live streaming video
service organizations such as Netflix was organized in the same year as well. In the year
2008, a new open source software was created by NASA known as OpenNebula for the

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deployment of the hybrid and the private clouds (Ghofrani and Lübke 2018). In the year
2011, IMB introduced their IBM smart cloud framework to support a cultural thinking project
known as Smarter Planet. In the same year, Apple Corporation created their own cloud
service known as iCloud where their consumers can store their personal data (Hao et al.
2017). Oracle Corporation introduced their cloud service which included three basic
platforms like IaaS, PaaS and SaaS.
The increasing use of the IT technologies in the cloud computing has improved the
security of the business transactions. The improvements on the field of data science was very
much significant to improve the data processing power of the Information Systems (Evans,
Young and Perry 2019). The data reporting capability of the modern IT systems are also
much more than the previous technologies, at the same time the latest IT systems are more
capable in to make any kinds of decision making involved in a business transaction.
5.1 Literature support
According to Chalmers and Pedersen (2018), the increasing capabilities of the IT
systems is very much useful for the cloud computing platforms. The researcher of this journal
highlighted that most of the previous Information Systems lacked flexibility and had low data
security which restricted the commercial usage of cloud computing in contemporary business
environment. The researcher of this journal helped in understanding that there are no real
connectivity issues in the IT systems which are used in recent times hence those systems can
easily access any sort of data from the cloud servers (de Camargo et al. 2016). The researcher
of this journal also highlighted that the improvement of the processing power of the IT
systems is very much significant for the growth of the cloud computing services.

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6. Definition of Software Architecture
The basic structure of a software system can be understood in the first place with the help
of Software Architecture. The relation among the elements of a software can be understood using
the software architecture. The properties of each elements or relation can also be monitored using
Software Architecture. The most common issue in a software such as its redundancy can be
detected and addressed in Software Architecture (Bowers, Valencia and Moore 2019). The
design making capability of the recent IT systems are improved with the help of the Software
Architecture as well. The features of software such as the extensibility, reliability, security,
usability, fault tolerance, extensibility, and maintainability can also be improved with the help of
Software Architecture as well. The following framework will be very much significant to
understand the data transmission capability in a contemporary business environment.
Source 1: Transmission of data
(Source: Balalaie, Heydarnoori and Jamshidi 2016)

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7. Significance of Software Architecture in contemporary enterprise
Most of the contemporary enterprise involves data transmission among the
stakeholders of the business (Alshuqayran, Ali and Evans 2016). There are diverse categories
of business transactions which occurs due to the support coming from the Software
Architecture. Most of the negotiations, and communication between the stakeholders are
done with the help of Software Architecture. The entire data transmission procedure in a
contemporary enterprise can be monitored and analysed with the help of the Software
Architecture. The decision making capability of the Information Systems is also improved if
transparency is maintained in Software Architecture (Aderaldo et al. 2017). Thus, it can be
said that the conflicting goals of an enterprise can be sorted using Software Architecture.
8. Types of Software Architecture
There are diverse categories of Software Architecture such as the followings:
 Monolithic Architecture: Audit trailing and DOS protection is the most significant
characteristic feature of this type of architecture.
 Client server Architecture: Data protection and data authorization is one of the
prime advantages of architecture.
 Layering and Stack: Data interoperability can be improved in the first place if this
Software Architecture is used.
 Service oriented architecture: Business agility can be enhanced if this architecture
is used, at the same time the life span of the applications is also increased due to the
use of this architecture.
 Software as a Service: There are no real scalability issues related with this
architecture and it is very much easy to use by the application developers.

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 Micro services: Business capability is increased due to the use of this architectural
style. Productivity is also boosted if this architecture is considered.
9. Conclusion
Micro services architecture has numerous benefits such as it allows the developers to
write the code based on the specifications of the software. The cost of micro services is also
much lower than the other architecture style like service oriented architecture. The
communication protocols of this architecture is very much simpler and the fault tolerance of
this architecture style is also much higher in this architecture. The challenges of micro
services includes its complexity in testing, need for continuous improvement among the
stakeholders of the business, additional software like DevOps tools are required while
creating this architecture. Considering the evolution of the different types of Information
Systems over the years, it can be concluded that the cloud capability of the Information
Systems has improved a lot which are very much beneficial to maintain the security of data
transmission procedure. Maintaining Software Architecture is very much significant to deal
with the negotiations and communication issues coming from the stakeholders of an enterprise.
The diverse categories of Software Architecture which are usually deployed in commercial
establishments are Monolithic Architecture, Client server Architecture, Service oriented
architecture, Layering and Stack, Micro services, and Software as a Service. Thus, this high
level report has successfully explained the challenges and benefits of Software Architecture from
the perspective of a Micro Service Architect.

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10. References
Aderaldo, C.M., Mendonça, N.C., Pahl, C. and Jamshidi, P., 2017, May. Benchmark
requirements for microservices architecture research. In 2017 IEEE/ACM 1st International
Workshop on Establishing the Community-Wide Infrastructure for Architecture-Based
Software Engineering (ECASE) (pp. 8-13). IEEE.
Alshuqayran, N., Ali, N. and Evans, R., 2016, November. A systematic mapping study in
microservice architecture. In 2016 IEEE 9th International Conference on Service-Oriented
Computing and Applications (SOCA) (pp. 44-51). IEEE.
Balalaie, A., Heydarnoori, A. and Jamshidi, P., 2016. Microservices architecture enables
devops: Migration to a cloud-native architecture. Ieee Software, 33(3), pp.42-52.
Bowers, N., Valencia, N. and Moore, M., 2019. Robust, Microservices Architecture
Modalities for Evolutionary. Systems and Software Engineering Publication, 8(1).
Chalmers, K. and Pedersen, J.B., 2018. Use Case Driven Microservices Architecture Design.
de Camargo, A., Salvadori, I., Mello, R.D.S. and Siqueira, F., 2016, November. An
architecture to automate performance tests on microservices. In Proceedings of the 18th
International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications and
Services (pp. 422-429).
Evans, J., Young, A. and Perry, R., 2019. Studying Courseware Using Microservices
Architecture Methodologies. Computer Science and Information Technology Journal, 5(1).
Ghofrani, J. and Lübke, D., 2018, February. Challenges of Microservices Architecture: A
Survey on the State of the Practice. In ZEUS (pp. 1-8).

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Hao, Z., Novak, E., Yi, S. and Li, Q., 2017. Challenges and software architecture for fog
computing. IEEE Internet Computing, 21(2), pp.44-53.
Miller, E., Levine, C., Martin, K. and Bradley, C., 2019. The Influence of Microservices
Architecture Archetypes on. Computer Science and Information Technology Journal, 6(1).
Mitchell, R. and Jones, C., 2019. Microservices Architecture, Bayesian Theory for Context-
Free Grammar. Computer Science and Information Technology Journal, 4(1).
O'Connor, R.V., Elger, P. and Clarke, P.M., 2017. Continuous software engineering—A
microservices architecture perspective. Journal of Software: Evolution and Process, 29(11),
p.e1866.
Pahl, C. and Jamshidi, P., 2016, April. Microservices: A Systematic Mapping Study. In
CLOSER (1) (pp. 137-146).
Selimi, M., Cerdà-Alabern, L., Sánchez-Artigas, M., Freitag, F. and Veiga, L., 2017, May.
Practical service placement approach for microservices architecture. In 2017 17th IEEE/ACM
International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGRID) (pp. 401-410).
IEEE.
Slater, S. and Moore, E., 2019. Improving Write-Back Caches Using Microservices
Architecture Models. Software engineering and CS Journal, 8(1).
Xu, R., Nikouei, S.Y., Chen, Y., Blasch, E. and Aved, A., 2019, July. Blendmas: A
blockchain-enabled decentralized microservices architecture for smart public safety. In 2019
IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain) (pp. 564-571). IEEE.

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