Analyzing the MMIWG Crisis in Canadian Criminal Justice System

This essay provides a comprehensive analysis of the crisis of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG) in Canada, examining the historical and systemic issues that contribute to this ongoing tragedy. The paper delves into the overrepresentation of Indigenous women in homicide statistics and explores the complex relationship between Indigenous communities and the Canadian criminal justice system. It highlights the failures of the system, including instances of racial profiling, lack of trust, and the perpetuation of stereotypes. The essay also discusses the National Inquiry into MMIWG, its findings, and the government's response, including the Forensic Document Review Project. Furthermore, the essay emphasizes the need for improved coordination, communication, and trust between Indigenous communities and law enforcement to address the crisis effectively. It concludes by underscoring the critical importance of addressing the issues of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada.

Running head: INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE
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INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE
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The epidemic of murdered and missing of indigenous girls and women is a burning issue,
which has been affecting the indigenous people in the territory of Canada, as well as in such Frist
Nations. This issue has been analyzed as a Canadian Genocide, as well as a National Crisis in
Canada (Palmater, 2016). A consistent mass movement in Canada has worked for raising
awareness in the issue regarding murder and missing indigenous women and girls (MMIWG) by
several community meetings, organized marches, council meeting in local and tribal and training
to reduce domestic violence for police officials (Bailey, & Shayan, 2016). Stereotypes
contiguous indigenous peoples in the territory of Canada are often fallacies born for the reason
that of colonialist national misunderstandings, as well as Eurocentric perspectives (Wilson,
2018). Such National Inquiry for the MMIWGs has emerged for bringing the attention of the
general indigenous people to such overrepresentation of missing, as well as the murder of
indigenous people in the territory of Canada. This paper aims to discuss the issues of missing and
murder of aboriginal and indigenous people in Canada critically.
The movement of MMIWG inquiry has led to dedicating every indigenous woman in
Canada who has ensured searching for her murdered and missing loving ones persisted alive
(Smiley, 2016). During such an inquiry movement, there is a distinct lack of concerns on the part
of the government of Canada and by such postponement of the Commission, who has eventually
acknowledged the segregation of Indigenous people who are killed or go disappeared from
society in which place they were living. However, the present Prime Minister, Trudeau has tried
to improve and betterment of people in Canada National Inquiry of Murdered and Missing
Indigenous Women and Girls in the year 2016. The inquiry on 22nd April 2016 within the year
1980 to 2012, such indigenous girls and women have represented almost 16% of all women or
female homicide, where it has been constituting almost 4% of such female population in this

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territory of Canada (Finney, 2017). In comparing to the non-indigenous women with the
indigenous women, the non-indigenous females are also come under the umbrella of this form of
violence and disproportionately exaggerated by these offences. However, in the media of
Canada, it has been significantly discussed by Indigenous publics who have urged to the inquiry
for including males who have been murdered or missing.
The anxious relationship between the criminal justice system and indigenous people has
gone back to the ancient colonization system in Canada. It has well recognized that such
indigenous people in Canada have been suffering from unending colonialism or colonization and
systemic discrimination among other non-indigenous people (Dhillon, 2015). Consequently,
violence against aboriginal or indigenous people has continued for increasing and, even though it
is anticipated that police officials will try to retain indigenous people harmless and safe, the
officials have not shaped or produced a theatrical impression in expressions of dropping such
overrepresentation of this category of people among murdered and missing people in Canada
(Bourgeois, 2015). It has found that these categories of people have been overrepresented as prey
to various crimes, which have included non-spousal violence. Indigenous people are to be
expected as prey of non-spousal ferocity than non-Indigenous people in this country (Hansen, &
Dim, 2019). In understanding the relationship between the indigenous community and the police
officials, often the officers think indigenous males are connected with any criminal activity such
as drug dealers or any violent gangsters. In contrast, the women in this community are
categorized as prostitutes. It is specious that the officers have used these racial and criminal
stereotypes or categories as a vindication or excuse for treating those indigenous Peoples in the
wrong way. It is in the mind of those community that the criminal justice system, which is
generally functioned by the police officials, will not help them in any problem arises even in the

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missing and murder of their females. However, the criminal justice system has been generated in
a better way where the higher authorities review every criminal activity of the indigenous people.
It will help to increase the belief of the indigenous people on the criminal justice system of
Canada.
The overrepresentation of murdered and missing aboriginal or indigenous persons is a
critical apprehension for Indigenous populations or communities. By exploration of the issues of
missing and assassinated Indigenous people of Canada, any person can develop an idea of
addressing this colossal issue (Thibault, 2016). The proportion of Indigenous persons suspect, as
well as accused of murder or homicide in this country is close to ten times advance or higher
than such rate of accused or suspects among non-Aboriginal people in this territory. Indigenous
people are arrested or suspected for 61% of the woman accused of murder or homicide in the
year 2015, and almost 29% of males accused of such murder or homicide. Homicides are
continued in an account of a small percentage of every police report of violence in the Criminal
Code in Canada, which has represented almost 0.2% in the year 2015 (Mulligan, Axford, &
Solecki, 2016). The rate of homicide among female victims in the indigenous community is six
times heinous than the female victims of non-indigenous people. However, there is a few
knowledge regarding the actual number of missing or murder of females in this territory. It is
essential to note here that the government of Canada has stepped to reduce the rate of homicide
or murder, as well as missing of the females in the indigenous community.
The Final Report of such National Inquiry of MMIWG has entitled to reclaim of place
and power of such murder and missing to this special category of community, and it has been
published on 3rd June in the year 2019 (Conty, 2019). The Chief Commissioner of this Inquiry,
Marion Buller, has described that such a high rate of offence, which is directed to the girls and

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women of the indigenous community, has been caused by the actions, as well as the inaction of
the state rooted in colonial ideologies and colonialism. The government of Canada has issued a
project to reduce such homicide and missing women in the indigenous community. The name of
the project is the Forensic Document Review Project (FDRP) (Hansen, & Dim, 2019). One of the
most and vital findings, which is identified through this FDRP that there is no reliability in the
estimated number of missing, as well as murdered women in such a society of indigenous
people. This FDRP has mentioned that most of the time, indigenous men are liable or responsible
for almost 70% homicide of women or girls in their community, which is not in the empirically-
based (Letourneau, 2019). The indigenous communities, which are situated in the remote areas
of Canada, are in the crisis of resources and also lack of priority of the government of this
country. It has also come out from the Project that there is a lack of coordination, as well as
communication between the indigenous people and police officials and also a lack of trust or
belief to those police by such community. However, for such project, the government has got an
idea of such matters on missing and murder of the indigenous women and take steps through the
criminal justice system to reduce such violence.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the murder and missing of indigenous girls and
women is one of the burning issues in the territory of Canada. The government of Canada has
taken several steps to identify and reduce such issues in this territory. The National Inquiry
commission of the government has been trying to identify such problems for reducing this
homicide among indigenous people. The overrepresentation of murdered and missing indigenous
persons is a critical apprehension among Indigenous populations or communities.

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