Climate Change & Development: Mitigation in Timor-Leste Sea Transport

This presentation analyzes strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from sea transportation in Timor-Leste, a significant contributor to the nation's overall emissions. The report highlights the increasing rate of emissions from sea transport between 1998 and 2015 and proposes environmental, economic, and social mitigation strategies. Environmental strategies include using lower-sulfur fuels, shore-based power supplies, and green vehicles, while considering the positive and negative impacts of each. Economic strategies focus on allocating funds for new technologies and setting limits on ship transportation. Social aspects emphasize awareness programs to influence individual behaviors and promote the use of public transport. The presentation also links these strategies to climate policy frameworks and anticipates their impact on development, particularly on lower-income populations. The conclusion emphasizes the need for mitigation measures and suggests that implementing low-sulfur fuels, green vehicles, and public awareness programs can positively impact Timor-Leste.

MITIGATING INTERVENTION

Abstract
Sea transportation system of Timor-Leste is providing huge
contribution into green house emission. These gasses are affecting
environment at great extend. From 1998 to 2015, 14% of total
pollution is created by the transportation system. The process
become faster between 2009 to 2012. In this present report it has
been analysed there are various strategies are introduced to
minimise the impact. These factors consists of environmental,
economical and social strategies. These steps are considered for
reducing the emission of CO2, for this various alternatives are also
introduced like renewable energy transportation system. Under
environmental strategies various alternatives are introduced, on
the basis of that their positive and negative impacts are also
considered.

Continued...
 Continuous shipping and transports through sea is increasing
the green house gas emissions. Below are the mitigation
measures and strategies that can be used for mitigation.
 Statement of requirement that intervention is endeavoring the
address. Overview of mitigation strategies like environmental,
social, economical which are related with policy of climate
framework need to be made.
 Anticipation of these strategies impact on development like
how the lower class is getting affected in Timor Leste should be
determined before implementation.

NEED OF INTERVENTION
 Sea transport in Timor Leste account for significant share in green house
gas emissions. Ghg emission highly impacts the environment and society to
great extent. Constant shipping and transports through sea is increasing the
green house gas emissions.
 In the country the GHG emissions caused due to transport activities
increased by 14 percent from 1998 to 2015. International transport which
involves shipping and transport through sea which is increasing source of
green house gas emission.
 Between 2009 to 2012 in the country Co2 from sea transport grew at
faster rate in the region.
 It is highly impacting the environment and society of the region.
Temperature of the are is increasing due to which global warming is
growing in the country

Continued...
 Continuous shipping and transports through sea is increasing
the green house gas emissions. Below are the mitigation
measures and strategies that can be used for mitigation.
 Statement of requirement that intervention is endeavoring the
address. Overview of mitigation strategies like environmental,
social, economical which are related with policy of climate
framework need to be made.
 Anticipation of these strategies impact on development like
how the lower class is getting affected in Timor Leste should be
determined before implementation.

Strategies for mitigation
 Mitigation intervention are two original factors of the
international climate practice to minimize the negative effects
of change in climate on ecosystem of Timor leste. .
 Continuous shipping and transports through sea is increasing
the green house gas emissions. So there is requirement of
making strategies for mitigating this risk in the country from
green house gas emissions.
 There are various aspect in which the strategies can be made.
Following are the strategies:

Environmental strategy
 The first strategy is to use lower-sulphur fuel. It should be
made a necessity by the ship authorities primarily shift
towards utilising low-sulphur fuels so that the greenhouse
emissions are reduced to much greater extents.
 Furthermore, the utilisation of shore-based power-supply
should be referred in case of electrification process. This is
overall known as cold ironing. In this, the ships would be
plugged with electric-supply from a system present at land.
 Another strategy is to increase the use of green vehicles
instead of ships so that a major part of green house gas
emissions would be reduce.

Continued..
 Environment al strategy for reducing GHG emission can be
less transport through sea. Reduction in sea transport can
support in reducing green house gas impact on environment.
Innovation can be done in making of ships which less emit the
CO2 in environment.
 Fossil fuel elimination can also be done to reduce the impact
on environment. Support from supply chains can be taken to
reduce the environment effects of sea transport form maritime.
New technologies can be adopted for transporting of things
from one place to another so that there will be less use of sea
transportation.

Economical strategy
• To reduce the impact of green house impact funds for adopting
new technologies cab be allocated. New technologies can be
adopted for transporting of things from one place to another so
that there will be less use of sea transportation. It will help in
reducing the impact on environment. Some limits should be
decide on transportation form ships.
• Environmental friendly technologies can be used in to mitigate
risk caused by green house gas emissions. Renewable energy
resources can be used in place of fossil fuels. Sustainable bio
fuel ships can be used.

Social aspects
• Contextualising upon the social aspects of mitigation strategies
to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, involvement of
awareness programs is usually there. The first strategy is to
influence the behaviours of individuals in using transports of
private and public.
• This will further reduce the use of sea transport. The people also
need to be made aware about the consequences that the green
house gases impose upon the overall environment and their
lifestyles. So, this awareness strategy could be very useful.

Links to climate policy frameworks
• Contextualising upon Timor-Leste's increasing greenhouse
emissions, the framework states to introduce a 40% cut in the
greenhouse gas emissions. This is the binding targets for cutting
of the emissions in Timor-Leste.
• The authorities would be able to take measures that are cost-
effective taking in consideration the long term objective of 80 to
95% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.

Impact of strategies on development
Impact of environmental strategy
• Positive impact
Positive impact of environmental strategy is that it will help in
securing the environment from the GHG risk. It will also help in
mitigating the impact of GHG on wildlife of the area. This
strategy will help in saving the sea species from the emission.
• Negative impact
Implementation of environmental strategy to reduce the green
house gas emission. It can impact the ship manufacturing
organisation as they will have to modify their conventional
method of ship production. Negative impact on poor can be
seen of this strategy as this will result in loosing jobs.