This report provides a detailed analysis of population growth in New South Wales (NSW) between 2006 and 2016. It identifies key factors contributing to this growth, including employment opportunities, increased food production, efficient transport networks, and access to education and health facilities. The report then examines the subsequent changes in the business environment, such as shifting household compositions, generational shifts in consumer behavior, changes in geographical population distribution, and changes in international migration. The study uses statistical data and figures to illustrate population trends and their effects on various business sectors, including retail, finance, and consumer goods. The report concludes by summarizing the demographic impacts and their relevance to business development and investment in NSW.