Mobile Application Development: Admin and User Communication

This report explores the development of a mobile application designed to facilitate communication between an administrator and end-users. It begins by introducing the concept and history of mobile communication, highlighting the increasing popularity of mobile phones and their diverse functionalities beyond voice calls. The report then reviews existing literature and compares similar mobile applications like Highrise, Capsule, and MyDash, focusing on their features and functionalities. The research methodology section delves into a comparison between Xamarin and Android Studio as development environments, along with a discussion on Azure and MySQL databases. Ultimately, the report aims to provide insights into creating an effective mobile application for streamlined admin-user interaction, emphasizing the importance of user-friendly interfaces and real-time communication capabilities.

Running head: MOBILE APPLICATION THAT COMMUNICATES BETWEEN AN ADMIN
AND USERS
Mobile application that communicates between an admin and users
Name of the Student
Name of the University

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Abstract
This report has been based on the concept of mobile application development. The concept of
mobile communication has been discussed in the report. The history of mobile communication
has been analyzed in the report. A mobile application has been helping in providing end-users for
accessing Internet anytime and anywhere. Users can access data and information that are stored
on shared devices over wireless networks. Mobile applications refers to a type of software
application that are developed to run on mobile device including smartphones and tablets. There
has been comparison of different similar mobile application have been done. Xamarin studio has
been analyzed as an alternative for android studio. The difference between Azure database and
MySQL database has been provided in the report.

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Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................4
1.1 Concept of Mobile Communication..................................................................................4
1.2 History of mobile communication....................................................................................6
Chapter 2: Literature Review.........................................................................................................10
Chapter 3: Research Methodology................................................................................................16
Comparison between Xamarin and Android Studio..................................................................19
References......................................................................................................................................26

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Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Concept of Mobile Communication
Wireless Communication has been one of the fastest growing technology in the recent years.
One of the major applications of wireless technology has been mobile communications. Mobile
communication have been efficiently increasing its demand among users. Mobile phones have
been used widely all over the world. There have been increase in the mobile phone users. As
commented by (Hu et al. 2015), the number of mobile phone users in 1984, 1994 and 1997 have
been 25 thousand, 16 million and 50 million respectively. Therefore, it can be seen that there
have been huge increase in popularity of mobile phone users across the world. The objectives of
mobile phones have not been stuck to only voice calls. Innovation in technology and internet
have increased the usability of mobile phones to other purposes. Most of the work are done using
mobile phones including voice calls, video calls, messaging, clicking photos, email and various
other purposes. Therefore, an individual can connect with the work using a mobile phone. There
have been various applications available that support interaction between admin and users of
mobile phones. Mobile phones have been hoeing in providing proper approach to the
development of the society in various ways (Chen et al. 2015). Mobile phones have become very
popular among users. The latest smart phones contains various type of sensors and artificial
intelligence systems that help in providing different types of security and ease to use the mobile
phone.
A mobile application has typically two components including running on mobile device
of user and communicates over a wireless data transmission network with another component
that executes in an application serverTraditionally, various mobile application s have been

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reflecting similar type of services to users (Flores et al. 2015). In recent years, mobile devices
have been sharing various unique features of mobile devices. There have been different type of
applications present in smart phones. Mobile applications have been first popularized by Apple
by App Store and then followed by Google Play Store. In recent years, there have been huge
number of applications including 1.2 to 1.4 million applications (Talavera et al. 2015).
Figure 1: Number of Apps Available in Leading App Stores 2014
(Source: Tullberg et al. 2016)
The above graph shows that most of the applications are available over Google Play Store
and Apple App Store. This has been helping in providing a better opportunity for mobile
communication system in future. The online applications have been helping in various sector
including healthcare, games, entertainment, food and travel industry. Now a days, most of the
applications are interactive applications. Mobile applications have been helping in quick
communication with users and customers in the market. The interface of the mobile applications
have been user friendly that helps in proper utilization of themes. This has been helping in

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maintaining a keen approach in the development of companies. Most of the users have been
using smart phones in the market. Therefore, it becomes easy for the companies to research to
the customers with the help of mobile applications. Interactive mobile applications have been
helping in directly communicate with the customers by companies. Mobile phones have become
very popular among users (Tullberg et al. 2016). The latest smart phones contains various type of
sensors and artificial intelligence systems that help in providing different types of security and
ease to use the mobile phone. There have been interactions between users and admin. It means
that admin and directly get in contact with users with the help of the applications. Therefore, it
can be seen that there have been huge increase in the popularity of mobile phone users across the
world. The objectives of mobile phones have not been stuck to only voice calls. It also helps in
saving tome in communication and increasing productivity of the company. It has been helping
in improving IT infrastructure in developing countries. There has been various benefits of
mobile communication discussed in this study. This study has been focused on analyzing mobile
application that enables interactive communication between admin and users.
1.2 History of mobile communication
Cellular technology has been acquired over three generations since 1979. The first cellular
network was designed in Japan. The first generation (1G) of cellular was analog network that is
completely analog network and used for voice calls only. These phones have been used only for
one purpose including voice calls. The second generation (2G) has been a digital network and
helps in providing digital services. The third generation (3G) cellular network allowing high-
speed data along with voice (Akaiwa 2015). Therefore, the third generation of the mobile
communication has been able to use both voice and data calls along with. The 3G network has
been able to involve features including packet switched data and information services. The use of

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data services has been helping in providing proper roaming services in the calls. The fourth
generation (4G) has been providing enhanced speed if data services of mobile communication.
First Generation (1G) of Mobile Communication
The first generation of mobile phone devices have been developed in 1979 in Japan. This
network has used analog circuit switched technology with proper Frequency Division Multiple
Access (FDMA) as air channel multiple access technique and worked mainly in the 800-900
MHz frequency bands. The 1G mobile device had only voice transmission. For example, Total
Access Communication System (TACS) and Analog Mobile Phone System (AMPS) (Imai et al.
2015). There have been various limitations of 1G technology including supporting only speech,
low traffic capacity, long call setup time and frequent call drops. There have been insufficient
use of bandwidth with poor battery life. The quality of voice in the 1G has been very poor and
size of phone has been large.
Second Generation (2G) of mobile communication
There has been increase in the demand of mobile phones after the evolution of 1G
network. Therefore, second generation (2G) has been developed in early 1990s. This can be
divided into two types including Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Code Division
Multiple Access (CDMA). The first commercial digital cellular system has been Global System
for Mobile (GSM) and applications in TDMA. The frequency bands that are used in CDMA has
been 890-960 Hz and 1710-1880 MHz. In the 890-960 MHz frequency band, the band at 890-
915 MHz has been dedicated to uplink communication from mobile station to base station (Li et
al. 2016). The 2G systems employ digital modulation and advanced call processing abilities.
There have been various advantages of 2g network technology including small battery size that

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helps in less battery power usage. The voice quality has been improved from 1G technology.
Digital signal and voice data has been multiplexed, compressed and encrypted efficiently than
analog voice data. Digital voice encoding system has been allowing handling digital error
checking that can boost-up sound quality. The major benefit of 2G technology is that the location
of mobile user can be traced easily (Oppegaard and Rabby 2016).
However, there are some limitations of 2G technology including lower data rates ranging
from 9.6 Kbps to 28.8 Kbps. In rural areas, the digital signal have been weaker and not enough
or reaching to a mobile cell tower. However, there have been a rare problem in the 2G has been
deployed on very high frequency and low power.
Third generation (3G) of mobile communication
The development and need of high speed internet access, live video conferencing and
simultaneous data with voice transmission have given rise to 3G cellular networks. 3G
technology has been adding multimedia facilities to mobile phones. It has been operating in
frequency band of 1710-2170 MHz. It helps in providing high transmission rates of 348 Kbps for
a moving vehicle to 2 Mbps for stationary or walking users. The aim of 3G systems has been
providing communication services from person to person at any place. The main objectives of
3G systems have been supporting 2 Mbps for handle held devices, 384 Kbps for walking devices
and 144 Kbps for car-borne mobile devices (Sharma et al. 2017). The 3G system need to work
on all radio environments including urban areas, suburban areas, hilly and mountainous regions
and indoor environments.
Fourth generation (4G) of mobile communication

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The latest technology has been 4G mobile technology which has more advantages over
3G networks. The 4G mobile communications have transmission rates upto 20 Mbps higher than
that of 3G. The 4G technology has been providing smooth global roaming universally with lower
cost. The main objective of 4G network has been to provide enhanced communication with
broad range connection with internet at anytime and anywhere for supporting data, pictures and
videos. It has been the attest trend in the fled of mobile communication (Khodashenas et al.
2017). The use of 4G network has been helping in providing high speed internet services so that
users can upload their videos, video call conferencing and other high speed work over mobile
phone.

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Chapter 2: Literature Review
Mobile applications have been the recent trend in the smartphones and smart devices. The
use of mobile devices have been popular in most of the individuals. Various mobile applications
have been developed over android, iOS and windows platform. However, most of the common
platform has been Android, as most of the users have been using Android smartphones. Android
smart can be available for fraction of the cost of an iPhone. This provide a low cost for
application building for developers (Rost et al. 2016). The flexibility of android platform has
been more than that of other platforms. The applications build over an android platform covers a
niche market. Therefore, this project has been developed over an android platform. The use of
android has been compatible for maximum number of smart phones. Customer-centric mobile
applications have become the recent trends in the market. The android application has been
written in java programming language and running on various instance of virtual machine called
as Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM) (Haddon 2017). The Linux kernel has been responsible for
process management that starts with separate process for each applications and multiple threads
for executing allocating in same process.
Every part is a one of a kind element that does not just characterize the general conduct,
responsibilities and lifecycles of a specific Android application, yet in addition shares
information what's more, connects with different parts through goals, notices and substance
resolver. Mobile phones have become very popular among users (Patel et al. 2016). The latest
smart phones contains various type of sensors and artificial intelligence systems that help in
providing different types of security and ease to use the mobile phone. Coming up next are the
four Android application segments: action, administration, content supplier and communicate
beneficiary. A movement is a segment that speaks to a solitary screen which the client

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collaborates with in a given time. It presents to the client the UI parts like catches, writings,
pictures furthermore, routes that are appeared on a functioning screen. At the point when a long-
running task or a remote procedure is set off, an administration is the segment that empowers this
application to keep running out of sight without direct client cooperation (Blumenstock,
Cadamuro and On 2015). Therefore, an individual can connect with the work using a mobile
phone. There have been various applications available that support interaction between admin
and users of mobile phones. There may be specialized blunders winning in the biometric
framework. The framework may began tolerating bogus acknowledgment of illicit clients (Jain,
Nandakumar and Ross, 2016). Along these lines, the security of information and data in the
biometric framework may get broke. The greater part of the work are finished utilizing cell
phones including voice calls, video calls, informing, clicking photographs, email and different
purposes.
Along these lines, an individual can interface with the work utilizing a cell phone. There
have been different applications accessible that help connection among administrator and clients
of cell phones. Subsequently, it tends to be seen that there have been colossal increment in the
prominence of cell phone clients over the world. The destinations of cell phones have not been
adhered to just voice calls (YouTube 2019). Development in innovation and web have expanded
the convenience of cell phones to different purposes. The greater part of the work are finished
utilizing cell phones including voice calls, video calls, informing, clicking photographs, email
and different purposes (Kim et al. 2017). Consequently, an individual can associate with the
work utilizing a cell phone. There have been different applications accessible that help
connection among administrator and clients of cell phones. Cell phones have been hoeing in
giving legitimate way to deal with the advancement of the general public in different ways. Cell

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phones have turned out to be famous among clients. The most recent PDAs contains different
kind of sensors and man-made consciousness frameworks that assistance in giving diverse sorts
of security and simplicity to utilize the cell phone. Cell phones have been hoeing in giving
legitimate way to deal with the improvement of the general public in different ways. Cell phones
have turned out to be extremely mainstream among clients. The most recent advanced mobile
phones contains different kind of sensors and man-made consciousness frameworks that
assistance in giving distinctive sorts of security and simplicity to utilize the cell phone (Li,
Capone and Malerba 2019). To execute an administration, the application must be a subclass of
administration class from the Android center library. The substance supplier is utilized to share
information inside or between applications. Android applications gain admittance to the local
Android SQLite database through the substance supplier. Mobile phones have been hoeing in
providing proper approach to the development of the society in various ways. A communicate
collector is a segment that tunes in and reacts to communicate declarations from goals sent from
the framework or different applications (Rashevska and Tkachuk 2018). The communicate
collector, by methods for channels, recognizes the focused on Incoming goals.
The improvement stages are as per the following:
1. The Development Environment Setup Phase: In this stage allowed for downloading Android
SDK is downloaded, introduced and set up for improvement. The Android Virtual Devices
(AVDs) on which an application can be introduced for testing are made. Moreover, the Eclipse
IDE (Integrated Development Environment) and Eclipse ADT module for Android improvement
are additionally introduced as they offer huge points of interest (YouTube 2019).