Advanced Mobile Development: Language Design Project

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Topic: - Design a programming language for
mobile application
Student ID: -
Student Name: -

Table of Contents
Designing of a programming language for the problem domain of a mobile application: -......3
Programming language: -.......................................................................................................3
Curl Programming language for development of mobile application: -................................3
Purpose of a programming language: -..................................................................................3
Features of different programming languages: -....................................................................4
JAVA: -..............................................................................................................................4
C++: -.................................................................................................................................4
Python: -.............................................................................................................................5
PHP: -.................................................................................................................................5
Features that Must be taken care of while designing the Curl programming language for
mobile application development: -.........................................................................................6
Rationale and specification for Curl programming language features in terms of following:
-..............................................................................................................................................7
1) Simplicity....................................................................................................................7
2) Orthogonality...............................................................................................................8
3) Data types....................................................................................................................8
4) Syntax design...............................................................................................................8
5) Support abstraction......................................................................................................8
6) Expressivity.................................................................................................................8
7) Type checking.............................................................................................................8
8) Exception handling......................................................................................................8

9) Restricted aliasing.......................................................................................................8
Characteristics possessed by the Curl programming language: -...........................................9
Readability of Curl programming language: -.......................................................................9
Writability of Curl programming language: -........................................................................9
Reliability of Curl programming language: -.......................................................................10
Reference: -..............................................................................................................................11

Designing programming language for the problem domain of a mobile
application: -
Programming language: -
A programming language can be a formal language that comprises a set of instructions which
produces different kind of results or output. The languages of programming are used in the
computer programming for implementing the algorithms and most of the programming
language are consisting of computer instructions. The programmable machines which use the
specific instruction set instead of programming language that is general. The one that
proceeds early with the digital computer inventions. There are hundreds and thousands of
programming language that has been developed in many years and more and more is being
created every year amongst with many are written in imperative sequence if performing
operations. While other programming language uses a declarative form of sequence
(Cifuentes & Bierman, 2019).
Curl Programming language for the development of mobile application: -
A curl programming language is a language that is designed for the development of mobile
applications that is included with certain features and characteristics that help in the
development of reliable application easily and also in less time involvement.
The programming description majorly splits into two components semantics and syntax.
Some of the languages are mainly defined by the document specification using other
programming languages which has an implementation that is dominant and is treated as a
reference. There are some of the programming languages that are having both, including
basic language which defines the extension and standards which are taken from an
implication having dominance in common.
Purpose of a programming language: -
A computer programming language is used to write programs for computer involving
performance of computer of different computations and the algorithms that possibly control
devices that are external like robots, disk drives, printers, etc. postscript computer programs

are created frequently using other computer programs to control display or printer and more
generally a language describes some computations which possibly abstracted by machine. It
is accepted generally that a programming specification language includes a program
description which idealizes the processing of machine according to the given language. In
most of the practical context. As per the most practical context, a computer programming
language includes the working of computer consequently. Most of the programming
languages are defined usually and are studied in this way. Most of the programming
languages differ from the languages that are natural. The natural language is only used for
interaction between two or more persons. Meanwhile, the programming language can be used
by humans to interact with the devices and machines (Beal, 2017).
There are several types of programming languages that are used for the development of
mobile application amongst which few are mentioned below: -
1) JAVA
2) Python
3) PHP
4) JAVA script
5) C++
6) C#
7) HTML5
8) Ruby
9) Kotlin
Features of different programming languages: -
JAVA: -
1) JAVA is simpler and easy to understand language as its code are easy to write and read.
2) JAVA is quite similar to the C and C++ removed complexities and drawbacks like
multiple inheritance and pointers. So, if someone is familiar with the C or C++ then he or
she will be having no trouble in understanding JAVA.
3) JAVA a language with object-oriented programming approach. JAVA is considered as a
fully object-oriented programming language.

4) JAVA also supports programming that is functional. JAVA is now updated that includes
features of functional programming like lambada expression and functional interface with
increased JAVA flexibility.
5) JAVA is a robust programming language. JAVA generally guides the programmer on
making good programming habits for creating reliable applications.
6) JAVA is very secure. It is included with more security features.
7) JAVA has high performance than any other programming language. It has complied into
codes of bytes that is high in optimization by a java compiler.
8) JAVA has a multiheaded feature. It is designed with capabilities of multiheaded features.
Which means that you can build an application with several concurrent threads of
activities that results in interacting at higher responsive applications.
9) JAVA is considered as an independent platform. JAVA codes are compiled into the
format that is intimidated and is able to get executed in any of the system (Nam Ha Minh,
2019).
C++: -
1) C++ is based on the objected-oriented approach that includes data encapsulation, data
abstraction, inheritance, data hiding, and polymorphism, etc.
2) C++ have the feature of machine independence and portability. Which means a simple
piece of code can be used to run in various environment.
3) It is simple to understand and similar to JAVA programming language and is an updated
version of the C language. Therefore, if you are familiar to the C language there is no
trouble you will be facing in understanding C++.
4) C++ is considered as a high-level programming language. Whereas C language is a mid-
level programming language. It is easy for a human to get familiar with this language as
being the high level language it is somehow associated with human-comprehensible
communication language that is English.
5) C++ is very popular amongst the various programming language.
6) One of maybe negative feature of the C++ is that treats all the different cases of the letter
such as upper case and lower-case letter differently as it is case sensitive similar to C
language.

7) One of the most important features of the C++ is that it is a compiler-based programming
language and unlike to the Python and JAVA which are Interpreter based. Therefore, C++
is faster than other languages like JAVA and python.
8) C++ have Dynamic Memory allocation.
9) There is a huge library spectrum available to the C++ programming language
(Chowdhury, 2019).
Python: -
1) It is easy to learn and understand the Python language as it is developer-friendly and is
also considered as a high-level programming language.
2) Python programming language is a very expressive language that means it is easy to read
and also understand.
3) Python is an interpreted language. Where the interpreter is used to execute the codes by
each line making debugging an easier task and very suitable for the beginners.
4) Python is a cross-platform language. It can be run on different platforms like Unix,
Windows, Linux, etc. and by this we can say that python is a portable programming
language.
5) It has an open and free source. It is available as the official website freely with the source
codes.
6) It is also an object-oriented language.it supports objects and class concepts that are in
existence.
7) Python is also extensible which means that the python codes can be compiled in the C++
language ad then can be further used again as the python code.
8) There are large standards of libraries available to the Python programming language.
Which provides a rich module set and function set for the development of application
rapidly.
9) Python supports GUI programming also. Which stands for the graphical user interface.
10) Python language is integrable. i.e. the whole language can be integrated into C++, JAVA,
and C (Perez, 2016).
PHP: -
1) The major features of the PHP language are that it is faster than other languages.

2) It is very simple and easy to understand.
3) PHP does not use compiler but uses an interpreter for code execution which makes it
faster
4) It is an open-source language, therefore, there is no need to pay for using PHP.
5) PHP is a platform-independent language and can be run in every platform like Mac OS,
Windows, Unix, etc.
6) PHP is having some of the error reporting constants that generates error notice and
warning.
7) PHP access the monitor in real-time. It provides logging access for creating a summary
for recent accessing for users.
8) PHP is considered as a loosely typed language which supports different user without data
type declaration which will be taking time on execution that is based on data type and its
value.
9) It is case sensitive language (Kumar, 2017).
Features that must be taken care of while designing the Curl programming
language for mobile application development: -
1) Curl programming language should be an expressive language so that it is easily
understandable and easy to read and simple to write.
2) Curl programming language should be a high-level programming language that will be
helpful for the mobile application developer to interact with code as it is compatible with
the human language that is English.
3) The Programming should be developed with interpreted approach which means that it
does not uses compiler and interpreter both for the execution of programming code,
instead it should be using just interpreted approach so that takes less time in program
execution and it will be a fast process.
4) Curl programming language should be an open-source language and should be freely
available to the public without paying for using this language and the source code of the
language are also available for public use.
5) It should be able to support graphical user interface support for creating a user-friendly
interface for a mobile application to be developed using the curl programming language.

6) Curl should be available with greater range of standard libraries providing a rich set of
functions and modules for rapid development of the application.
7) It should a\have an extensible feature which includes execution of curl program code in
C++ or C or any other language and further can be used again as a Curl program code.
8) The curl programming language should be a platform-independent programming
language so that is can be used in any operating systems like Windows, Linux, Unix,
MacOS, etc. This will be a useful feature for the application developer as they can use
the curl programming language to develop a mobile application in any available platform.
9) It should have a feature of real-time monitor accessing in which it is able to provide
logging access by creating a recent access summary for users.
10) Curl should be a loosely typed language so that is will be able to support variable usage
and that too without declaring any of its data types. Which will be taken only at the time
of code execution that is based on the data type that has in its value.
11) It should be included with an error reporting feature in which the library of the curl
programming language will have some predefined codes that are reporting constants for
generating an error notice and warning for every error caught while writing the code.
12) Curl should be a multithreaded programming language. By this feature, the designed
platform with capabilities of multithread will result in building an efficient language. This
means that it will have capabilities by which you will be able to build any application
included with concurrent threads of different activities and have highly responsive and
interactive application.
13) Curl code must be compiled into the bytecode which will be highly optimized. And
therefore, the Curl virtual machine will execute the curl application at very high speed.
14) Curl programming language should be worked on its security over the codes and the
application developed. So that in future when the application is in running state by any
organization, it won't result in data leakage or development of any vulnerabilities.
Therefore, it should be involved security features into the runtime system and language
like static type checking at runtime and compile-time checking by security manager. This
will result in development of any application that will not be invaded by external
environment and never will be hearing of getting attacked by any virus.
15) Robustness of the Curl programming language should be high enough. With including an
automatic collection of garbage with simple management of memory model, in addition
to this it will create a good programming habit resulting in creation of applications that
are highly reliable in nature.

16) It should be able to support functional programming. It will be providing features like
Lambda expressions and functional interface with increased flexibility.
17) Curl programming language should be based on the object-oriented approach which
includes features like data encapsulation, data hiding, data abstraction, polymorphism and
most importantly inheritance feature.
18) Dynamic allocation of memory can be a great lift for the Curl language as it supports
pointer which allows the allocation of memory dynamically. Destructors and constructors
may be used while using the class.
19) There should be libraries present in the Curl which will have built-in functions that make
programming east for the programmer and can be included in the program code by adding
a suitable header file.
Rationale and specification for a Curl programming language feature in terms of
the following: -
1) Simplicity: -In the information technology, it is the quality that frequently sought by
technologies as well as the users. In programming, a good program is addressing a need
with surprising efficiency and simplicity. Simple is considered as a golden mantra in the
programming language with including performance and efficiency as two major factors.
Maintenance cost and simplicity win in many of the cases. Which becomes a factor that
decides choosing of a programming language, exploring of a language or even deciding a
standard practice for coding in the organization. There are debates called on whether the
specific language for programming makes the program easier for writing maintainable
code and simple too (Rouse, 2019).
Tips by which a code can be made simpler: -
a) Avoiding double negations
b) Avoiding misleading abbreviations
c) Going with the natural flow of convention naming
d) Avoiding complex conditions that are multiple in If blocks
e) Avoiding magical logic (Kuhnen, 2016)
2) Orthogonality: - This is programming means that a small primitive constructor set is
combined in a small way for building control on data structure of language. It is somehow

associated with the simplicity feature. More are the design orthogonal then less are the
exceptions. This makes the code easy to learn, write and read.
3) Data types: -In programming language data type is a data attribute that tells the
interpreter and compiler that how a programmer is intending to use that data. Most of the
programming language supports data types that are common like integer, real and
Boolean. A data type contains the value that an expression like function and variable
might be using.
4) Syntax design: -Syntax in a programming language is a rule set which defines the
symbol combination that is considered to be structured correctly or fragmented according
to the language. By this, both are applied to the programming language in which the
document is representing the source code as well as the mark-up language that represent
data.
5) Support abstraction: -In a programming language that supports data abstraction
signifies that program will have: -
a) It is the process of removing attributes or details that are spatial, temporal and
physical while studying system or object for focusing on the attention on details
that are of higher importance. It is similar to the process of generalization.
b) Creation of objects based on the abstract concept and are created by common
feature mirroring or the attributes from system of the study and non-abstract
object.
6) Expressivity: -It is derived as a capability of a programming language that expresses the
problem solution in the following ways: -
a) A closest original problem way of formulation
b) A natural, clear, concise and intuitive way
c) In other solved problems terms
7) Type checking: -In a programming language type checking system is defined as a rule
set that has assigned a property known as Type for conducting various computer
programs for example: - functions, modules, variables and expressions etc. these types of
formalization and enforcing the categories that is implicit and used by the programmer for
different components.
8) Exception handling: - An exception is raised in the module which is handled in a
starting flow which includes an exception handler element. An exception can be easily
raised by an out system or in the logic at a point in a module. For a UI request that is
typical that can raise the exceptions by: -

a) Adding exception handling element and the logic related in the flow action.
b) Adding the exception action in UI flows.
9) Restricted aliasing: -In programming aliasing describes the situation where a location of
data in the memory is assessed by a different name of symbols in the program. This
modifies the data through name of implicitly modifying values that are associated with
the aliasing names that may not be accepted by a programmer.
Characteristics possessed by the Curl programming language: -
1) Simplicity
2) Naturalness
3) Abstraction
4) Efficiency
5) Structured
6) Compactness
7) Locality
Readability of Curl programming language: -
Readability of a programming language is ease where a reader is able to understand the texts
written properly. According to the natural language the readability of the program depends on
the content included and the presentation such as height of line, font size, and the line length.
Readability can be easily measured by using the following factors such as: -
1) Perception speed
2) Distant perceptibility
3) Peripheral vision perceptibility
4) Visibility
5) The technique of Reflex blink
6) Work rating
7) Movement of eye
8) Reading fatigue