Organisational Behaviour: Analysing Morrisons for Unit 12 Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour within Morrisons, a UK supermarket chain. It examines the impact of organisational culture, politics, and power on individual and team behaviour and performance, exploring various power dynamics such as coercive, reward, and legitimate power. The report also evaluates theories of motivation, including their application in an organisational context, and analyzes team development theories to understand effective and ineffective team dynamics. Furthermore, it explores how concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour influence workplace behaviour, both positively and negatively. The report includes recommendations for fostering a positive organisational environment and achieving success through effective management of culture, politics, power, and motivation.

Unit-12- Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1) Analyse how an organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.........................................................................................................1
M1) Critically analyse how the culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence
individual and team behaviour and performance........................................................................5
D1) Critically evaluate the relationship between culture, politics, power and motivation that
enables teams and organisations to succeed providing justified recommendations...................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P2) Evaluate theories of motivation and motivational techniques in an organisational context.
.....................................................................................................................................................6
M2) Critically evaluate how to influence the behaviour of others through the effective
application of behavioural motivational theories, concepts and models.....................................9
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P3. Demonstrate an understanding of what makes an effective team, as opposed to an
ineffective team...........................................................................................................................9
M3) Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the development of
dynamic cooperation.................................................................................................................11
D2) Critically analyse and evaluate the relevance of team development theories that influence
behaviour in the work place......................................................................................................12
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................12
P4) Apply concepts and philosophies of OB within an organisational context........................12
M4) Explore and evaluate how concepts and philosophies of OB inform and influence
behaviour in both a positive and negative way.........................................................................14
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
An organisational behaviour is basically define as a study of human behaviour those are
working within the business. It is used to make effective and efficient setting so that organised
changes in between an individual and working standards of business is managed and controlled.
In this company analyse the various principles and procedure that has been used by the business
as in order to operate its working efficiency with effectiveness. It actually involves basic four
elements that is as structure, people, environment and technology within which all the working
constraint is performed by the business (Griffin, 2020). It provides insights about employee's
behaviour so that its performance has been changes in a working place. It is used to develop
sufficient understanding of several aspects by which workers get motivated, performance
enhancement, establishment of trust and suitable relationship within subordinates. The following
report is based on Morrisons that is a supermarket company and it was founded in 1899 by
William Morrison along with having headquartered in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. UK.
The report below consist of different factors that influence culture, politics and power on the
basis of behaviour, various ways to motivate an individual and team in order to achieve its goals,
an effective understanding about cooperate effectively with others, several concepts and
philosophies of organisation behaviour.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1
P1) Analyse how an organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.
The culture, politics and power that has been used within an organisation must have
direct influence over an individual or on the behaviour of team and its performance as well. The
working tendency of a business is completely dependent on the different situations under which
performance of workers is getting changed (Jacobs and Manzi, 2020). The collective efforts of
all the individual those are working within the business is must important aspect and it is
completely based on various components that is having favourable and against both impact over
success and failure of business. It is as furthermore explained below as:
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Influence of power on individual and team
The power is having direct impact over the different working conditions within which
knowledge, experience, attributes and performance standards of an individual is getting changed.
It is basically provided to an individual by the business who has specialised knowledge about
some specific prospect. It is usually offered to a manager so that working performance is getting
influenced as by consideration of operations and functions (Sheedy, Garcia and Jepsen, 2019). In
this manager provide appraisal, rewards and other facilities as well by which all the other
individual is getting motivated and encouraged. In support of it Morrisons and its management
uses various theories as in order to influence and individual and team that is as moreover
illustrate below as:
 Coercive power: It is a power that defines ability and discipline that is used to withhold
reward and to punish the workers. It offer essential aspect under which potential of an
individual is measured instead of influence set. In Morrisons this power is offered to
manager and CEO as they easily threat and punish an individual as per performance.
 Reward power: It is a power that usually convey the rewarding process as in order to
manage the compliances as per wish. In this bonus, promotion. Extra time off by work
etc. is performed. It is provided to manager who has offer training and development as
well so that working standard is increases. This power is offered to higher authority of
Morrisons as they maintain overall working record of each individual.
 Legitimate power: This is a power that derive as from formal position so that hierarchy
of authority is managed and controlled. It is offered to an individual who has better
educational background and working experience (Larijani and Saravi-Moghadam, 2018).
As in this higher authority such as CEO has empowered this this power and with support
of it they have make effective decision-making and design legal regulations that is
followed by each and every individual of an organisation.
 Referent power: It is a power that is formed in order to reverence which is gain by a
leader that is having strong and effective interpersonal relations with others. It is also
known as personal power within which organisational leadership is induced by making
suitable collaboration by which working behaviour is influenced rather than being
controlled and command.
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 Expert power: It is a perception of an individual which which certain changes is
implemented as per to elevate certain level of knowledge and information. In this
specified set of skills and its attribute is being used so that working perception maintain
lead as while influencing working standard of workplace. Morrisons offer this power to
its manager by which suitable and sufficient control towards management is processed. Informational power: In this power in which an individual has possessed its want and
need by which short term and necessaries influence is processed as in order to develop
credibility (Hosain, 2019). It is offered by Morrisons to its CEO as they have maintain
record of all the required financial information by which better image and value is
processed within competitive marketplace.
Influence of politics on individual and team
Politics within an organisation might be curse as it has adverse impact over job and
working performance of employee's. It is a dysfunctional component that threaten an
organisation working prospect as by which more chaos and complexities within working is
processed. Morrisons make suitable decisions as in order to influence an individual in terms of
political aspect and it is as explained below as:
 Lessening in productivity: In this productivity among working is affected so that it
induce negative impact over the probability of accomplishment of goals and objectives
within stipulated time period.
 Spoliation of working surround: In this political level of enhancement over working
place is induced under which suitable relationship within the employee's is getting
influenced (Mansouri, Singh and Khan, 2018). In this negative working situations is
developed under which it is hard for workers to develop effective interaction with others. Change in rational cognition of worker: In this inappropriate working situation is
developed under which imbalanced conditions is generated so that interest of employee
towards achievement of goal is affected.
Influence of culture on individual and team
The cultural influence within Morrisons is based on the overall growth and development
of an organisation under which suitable contribution by all the individual is processed. It is used
to enhance working model by which it is easy and normal to increase performance credibility. It
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is furthermore as explained below with support of Handy's cultural typology model and is as
described as:
 Power culture: In this culture Morrisons and its management processed its working in
centralised format under which long term goals and objectives is attained with simplicity.
In this sustained control is induced under which workers performance and working
capabilities is induced by which successful changes is altered with suitability.
 Role culture: This is a culture in which adequate role and responsibilities is managed by
manager of Morrisons and on the basis of experience, knowledge, skills, attributes etc.
different duties is assigned (Forssell, 2020).
 Person culture: This is a culture in which Morrisons generate and develop different
opportunity for each individual so that sustained growth is measured along with this
accomplishment of goals and objectives become more clear and transparent. Task culture: In this culture Morrisons and its management have worked while
maintaining clear focus and concern towards the completion of certain task and for this
all the individual put all its efforts relentlessly.
Impact of power, culture and politics on individual and team behaviour and performance
BASIS Individual behaviour and performance Team behaviour and performance
Power It has been provided to the higher authority
as while considering its abilities so that
effective decisions are taken as per the
suitability of adequate conditions. If it is
used otherwise that probability of conflicts
is increases by which employee
performance also reduces (Lugosi, 2019).
As per the enhancement of power
intensity sustained level of
improvisation is implemented under
which complexity generation is
produced on continuous basis.
Culture Positive culture always generate and
develop suitable surround under which
employee performance is increases while if
negative culture is promoted than it
generate redundancy under which it is not
easy to accomplish task within timely
basis.
Team work is completely dependent
on the culture as it produces
favourable working conditions under
which productiveness is increases.
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Politics It develop inadequate surround under
which individual is only looking forward
for its own working and didn't take
participate in team working by which it is
hard to achieve complex target and
objectives.
Team politics has negative impact
over productiveness as in this
employee attitude and its attribute
both get changed.
These are those factors that has direct and clear impact over employee working along
with this having both favourable and negative impact over productivity (Ahmad, 2018). It is
required to emphasise working sufficiency and for this management of Morrisons must have
considerate various aspect under which measurable and suitable changes is implemented in
effective manner. Otherwise it is not easy for the business to accomplish its goals and objectives
as by enhancing working potential in flexible manner.
M1) Critically analyse how the culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence
individual and team behaviour and performance
The culture, politics and power induce direct influence towards team and individual
behaviour and performance through which working proficiency and its effectiveness within the
business is affected in direct basis. In this organisation make adequate usage of positive culture
in which all the employee get connect with the working standards in balanced mode and with this
possibilities to achieve standardised outcome in timely frame is advanced on regular basis. In
this working behaviour of an individual is affected due to which correspondence change is
implemented on random manner. On the other hand all the individual collectively resulted into a
better team that has positive influence on working culture under which ability to attain long term
sustainability is maintained in successful mode.
D1) Critically evaluate the relationship between culture, politics, power and motivation that
enables teams and organisations to succeed providing justified recommendations.
The company make supportive usage of different culture, politics and power that
collectively motivates an individual to achieve long term goals and objectives in balanced mode.
In this there are few recommendations that is required to follow by an organisation and it is as
briefly explained below as:
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 Morrisons make ensure to use positive culture in which all the employee get better
opportunity to advance its future and with this possibility of employee to retain in an
organisation for longer period of time is increases on continuous basis.
 It is required that higher management only make use of power as per necessity and with
this only employee get worked freely and with more compatibility as well.
TASK 2
P2) Evaluate theories of motivation and motivational techniques in an organisational context.
Content theory of motivation: It is a subset of motivational theory that defines how to
get motivate an individual as by fulfilling certain need and requirement in systematic mode. It is
basically a process within which timely changes has been occurred so that productive level of
modifications in implies on continuous basis. It is used by Morrisons in order to accomplish its
goals and it is as described below as:
Maslow's theory of motivation: It is a theory that is being used by Morrisons in order to
motivate its employee on the basis of its need and requirement and it is as explained below as:
(Source: Maslow's hierarchy of needs, 2020) Physiological need: It is a basic need that is required to fulfil so as to process living with
ease and includes cloth, water, food, shelter etc. Safety need: It is a need that is based on life stability, health, wealth, financial safety and
security. Social need: It referred to the need under which sense of belongingness is developed so
that all the necessities prospect is covered (Mousa, 2020).
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 Self- esteem: It is dependent on the self respect that is offered by Morrisons as by
providing adequate job position as per working standards.
 Self-actualisation: It is based on the feeling of self believe and faith so that balanced
level of happiness is achieved with more transparency.
Morrisons and its management worked to sustain desirable outcome by which suitable
ending is perceived with the parallel management of motivation. In this prior level of changes is
being addressed so that employee felt more motivated and get involved in all the different
business activities.
Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation: It is theory of motivation that includes
two factors such as hygiene and motivation by which certain level of satisfaction and
dissatisfaction is processed and it is as explained furthermore as:
 Hygiene factor: In this various scenario of working is addressed so that certain level of
satisfaction is achieved. It include policies, job security, working conditions, payment
regulations, status symbol, suitable interrelationship and many other factors as well.
 Motivation factor: In this Morrisons worked on to enhance collective performances and
confidence by which performance accessibility is increases on repetitive mode (Sizykh,
2018). It consist of incentives, recognition, authority, responsibilities, promotion so that
involvement of workers is enhances.
Morrisons always provide preference to impart balanced feeling so that productiveness is
increases as by inducing balanced feeling of satisfaction.
In context to impart a feeling of motivation Morrisons works on to fulfil basic need of
workers so that equilibrium level of changes is addressed on regular basis.
Process theory of motivation: It is a theory in which Morrisons tries to change
behavioural prospect through which worker felt motivate and encourage and it is as describe
below as:
Vroom expectancy theory: In is used to influence working behaviour by which
employee performance and productivity is getting increases along with skills, experience,
knowledge, capabilities and working tendency. It proposes that individual behaviour is changes
as per the level of motivation. Expectancy is base on collective efforts that is induce to attain
adequate height in future that is processed with the support of resource availability.
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Instrumentality define passion and effort that is induced in order to develop trust and belief of
others. Valence is based on reward which is offered as per performance abilities.
Morrisons worked on to motivate its employees by which they have performed all its
working within timely constraint as in this achievement of goals also become more flexible.
Goal-setting theory: It has been formulate to make effective planning as in this rate of
completion of work is processed with easiness (Burnes, Hughes and By, 2018). In this each
individual is able to achieve its goals and objectives so that standardised changes is measured
with effectiveness and is as explained below as:
 Self-sufficiency: In this individual is working for to enhance its potential under which
performance measurement is increases by which ability to complete task and certain
action is developed.
 Goal commitment: In this target achievement is analysed by which each individual of
Morrisons is worked as by considering certain path so as to enlarge its efficiency.
In this Morrisons motivate its workers as by maintaining clear focus towards achievement
of goals and objectives. It is used to enhance working efficiency continuously. In relation to
Morrisons they have uses Vroom expectancy theory and in support of it tries to enhance working
capabilities of its employee's.
In collectively Morrisons uses Maslow's and Vroom expectancy theory as in order to
motivate its workers. In this business tries to motivate its employee's as while fulfilling its basic
need and demand. In this significant and prominent modification is induced by which working
performance is increases with continuity.
The implication of motivational theory has direct impact over management and
leadership of Morrisons. In this management is working on to produce effective managing of
various circumstances through which certain balance is attained while working. In addition
leadership has been uses to influence working nuances and performance so that productive
amount of modification is implies so as to attain continuous success and growth.
Emotional intelligence is an ability of an individual through which different abilities of an
individual is addressed, understand and manage along with the management of emotions. In this
soft skills is being used maintain clear and transparent focus on teamwork and culture of
business so that performance rating is increases (Odor, 2018). Soft skills includes
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communication, decision-making, problem-solving, teamwork, empathy and empowerment
along with this job management is addressed with better suitability.
Task oriented behaviour assist Morrisons to meet desirable outcomes as by achieving its
goals and deadlines by which employee credibility is increases. On the other hand relationship
oriented styles is being used in which leader emphasis its values and proposition is increases so
that loyalty among workers is increases with better perfection.
M2) Critically evaluate how to influence the behaviour of others through the effective
application of behavioural motivational theories, concepts and models.
The motivational theories assist the business to make adequate usage of different
techniques through which more of employees get connect with the business for longer period of
time. In this ability to advance and promote standardised working culture also improvised in
balanced mode. As motivation is an inner aspect that is required to get motivate workers and for
this management of Morrisons make supportive usage of Maslow's theory, Herzberg's two-factor
theory, Vroom expectancy and Goal-setting theory. In support of this employee get motivated
and with this its working efficiency its advance in systematic manner.
TASK 3
P3. Demonstrate an understanding of what makes an effective team, as opposed to an ineffective
team
Team is considered as the group of people who tends to share common purpose and
significant challenging goals. Meanwhile, group is the collection of individuals who coordinate
with the efforts of individuals. The team members are prominently committed towards the
accomplishment of goals without any purpose of developing a team.
Types of teams: Functional: In this working team, members belong from the same level of functional
area and also accountable or answerable to the single manager, who is responsible for the
management of whole group. Moreover, it is very common for the organisations with
rigid power structure and these teams are more likely to found in those companies who
are incorporate traditional project management (Darcy and Manzi, 2017). These teams
are beneficial in terms of handling routine work and effective line management.
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