Organisational Culture, Motivation and Performance at 2m Group Limited

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organizational behaviour, focusing on the impact of culture, politics, and power on employee performance within 2m Group Limited. It explores how organizational culture influences employee behaviour, productivity, conflict reduction, cooperation, and business growth. The report also delves into motivation theories, differentiating between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and examining the application of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs to improve employee engagement and achieve organizational goals. The analysis covers various aspects of organizational culture, including the Charles Handy model, and discusses the importance of team spirit and effective leadership in fostering a positive work environment. The report emphasizes the significance of creating an environment that promotes employee well-being and facilitates the achievement of both individual and organizational objectives.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour can be described as to maintain an effective as well as efficient
culture or values that provide support to employees to complete their tasks properly. It include
different types of policies and strategies which help to carry out various tasks or activities in an
appropriate manner to attain better outcomes. This report is based on 2m Group Limited which
was founded in around 2012 and deals in business of preparing software to fulfil desires of
customers properly. It is kind of medium enterprise having more efficient staff members working
on daily basis to achieve better outcomes (French and Holden, 2012). This assignment will
discuss about impact of organisational culture and power on behaviour and performance of
employees. It also include description of theories of motivation that can help to attain goals or
objectives properly. There are various kinds of techniques that are used to make effective teams
along with concepts or philosophies of organisational behaviour which are mentioned in report.
TASK 1
P1 Impact of organisation’s culture, politics and power on behaviour and performance
The organisational culture can be described about several values and behaviours that
contribute to the unique social and psychological environment of company. Every firm has its
own policies and rules that are mandatory to be followed by each staff member property. There
are different types of strategies and techniques are fixed by which workers have to perform their
tasks to attain required outputs in correct manner. Regulations of an organisation definitely
impacts on behaviour and performance of employees so that it is compulsory to maintain
working environment of an enterprise (Griffin and Moorhead, 2011). 2m Group Limitedcan also
establish an appropriate and healthy culture of company so that employees can perform in
comfortable manner and complete their regular tasks along with creating required outcomes
properly. Better organisational culture and use of power will help to improve behaviour and
performance of employees on regular basis.
Organisational culture: - This can be described as various kinds of strategies or policies
which are essential to maintain an appropriate environment of company. It will help to improve
performance of employees along with reducing certain conflicts which may hamper productivity.
2m Group Limited have to apply several effective regulations tat provide support to company for
organising an accurate powering working conditions which helps employees to perform properly
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along with generating required outputs in daily basis. Some of factors that are included in culture
are given below:
Charles Handy Model of Organization Culture
Power: - The power of authority is being availed by few executive members in the
organisation who are responsible for formulation of decisions lead to betterment of business.
The centralised approach to power assure that individuals are treated to be core team of an
organisation which formulate policies and practices determining culture of an organisation.
Role: - In this culture, employees working for an organisation are provided with their
own roles and responsibilities which are to be fulfilled by them. The responsibility which is
provided to person define the amount of authority which could be exercised by the individual.
The role is catered to person as per his capabilities and expertise so that it leads to construction
of productive culture.
Task: The culture which is being undertaken in the task culture i.e. referred as an attempt
to overcome problems encountered by business. The people with similar mind-set and expertise
are placed together for a task for its rightful accomplishment.
Person: In person centred culture, it is the perception that employee are more important
in an organisation than the business itself. The casual approach is being undertaken in this
culture and never works for the welfare of business. The employee working for the business are
more concerned of their personal growth rather than welfare of business.
Organisational politics and power: - The term organisational politics is all about the
interactions of human beings by involving power of authority. It can be also be considered as
tool that assess an operational capacity and to balance diverse view of interested parties. It is also
known as office and organisational politics. 2m Group Limited can use power of authority and
social networking to implement required modifications that is beneficial for companies to
achieve desired goals or objectives properly. Better use of power of authority and politics helps
to directs efforts of employees in correct direction to attain desired outcomes.
There are various kinds of factors that impacts on culture and procedures of an
organisation that directly influence outcomes as well (Kinicki and Kreitner, 2012). It will
facilitate to reduce productivity as well as profitability of an enterprise.
Impact of organisation’s culture, politics and power
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Improve productivity: - This refers to put efforts to perform well and generate better
productivity on regular basis by staff member. Better organisational culture and use of power of
authority provide support to direct hard work of employees in correct direction which facilitate to
conduct required tasks in an accurate way to complete setted targets successfully in given period
of time. 2m Group Limited have to establish an appropriate culture of company to render
comfortable working environment to workers so that they can work more effectively and create
better productivity. It is necessary to make efficient policies and implement them in an
appropriate way to maintain desired environment of an enterprise because it helps workers to
perform in better manner.
Reduce conflicts: - The term reducing conflicts is all about to conduct several activities
to decreases problems or issues between employees that disturbs their overall efficiency. It is
necessary to maintain an accurate team spirit between staff members to complete any tasks or
process through mutual understanding with each other (Lazaroiu, 2015). It will provide support
to make carrying out different procedures to gain better outcomes. 2m Group Limited have to
implement certain effective rules or norms that helps to decreases conflicts of workers that
facilitate to establish an effective connection amongst them, which support to complete desired
targets properly in given period of time. It will finally results into improved productivity as well
as profitability of an organisation. Effective organisational culture and correct use of power
facilitate to reduce issues of employees.
Establish better cooperation: - This can be described as to organise a healthy and
peaceful relation between staff members that helps to conduct any project properly through
mutual understanding and whole efforts of them. It will provide support to gain an appropriate
coordination among the employees which is necessary to organise needed activities or processes
to complete required goal successfully. 2m Group Limited have to establish desired cooperation
of workers because it is helpful to carrying out various events or tasks properly. They can fulfil
needs and demands of customers in more proper manner by providing satisfactory services to
them. Better culture of company helps to maintain efficient cooperation between workers (Lu,
2014).
Achieve growth of business: - This refers to criteria of attaining desired goals or
objectives by apply more effective as well as efficient techniques in company to achieve better
growth of business. Implementation of required techniques or equipments render support to
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boost up regular productivity of company that facilitate to attain growth of business properly.
Thus, establishing an effective organisational culture and use of power is supportive to grab
more profits hare by gaining new customers along with retaining the current ones to improve
profitability of an enterprise for long time. 2m Group Limited can also consider this criteria
improve profitability and attain growth of business through better organisational culture.
Team spirit: - The team spirit refers to that feeling in which a person will perform well
for the success and growth of team and focus on working of overall group. 2m Group Limited
can improve their team spirit factor by maintain more effective organisational culture and correct
use of power to gain better outcomes as well. It is necessary to work together with proper mutual
understanding to boost up regular productivity and achieve success.
The above mentioned factors get influenced from organisational culture, politics and
power in an organisation that directly impacts on regular outcomes as well. Every company have
to put several efforts to establish more effective as well as efficient environment of an enterprise
to achieve growth of business (Luthans, Luthans and Luthans, 2015).
TASK 2
P2 Theories of motivation impacts in achievement of goals
The term motivation refer to the use of several effective techniques or principles that
provide help to encourage anyone morally so that they can become focussed towards their tasks
and focus on that properly. It is also considered as the reason for people's actions, desires or
needs as well as it is direction to behaviour for an individual. There are two types of motivation
which can be utilised by given below:
Intrinsic motivation: - This can be described as an individual's stimuli that usually come
from within. Several internal factors that are responsible for intrinsic motivation are acceptance,
curiosity, honour, independence, order, power, social contact and status. Hence, all these
elements facilitate to encourage a person internally so that they will perform their required task
in proper manner to create desired outcomes (MacKenzie, Podsakoff and Podsakoff, 2011).
Extrinsic motivation: - The term extrinsic motivation refer to that motivational stimuli
which generally coming from outside. It include all outsider factors which put efforts to motivate
an individual and make them morally strong so that they will perform their tasks in an
appropriate manner along with desired outcomes on regular basis.
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Theories of motivation
The theories of motivation are helpful to encourage people in different situations properly
to make them strong morally and support to individuals in order to facilitate and attain desired
outcomes successfully (Martinko, Harvey and Dasborough, 2011). There are various kind of
such models that are utilised by 2m Group Limited to encourage staff member in proper manner.
Theories of motivation are classified into content and process theories as well.
Content theories: The content theories are basically considers such factors that are inside
people which cause, sustain or stop behaviour.
Process theories: The process theory mainly imply by a person's choices that are based
on requirements, award factors and sense of accomplishment.
Maslow- Hierarchy of needs
The Maslow- hierarchy of needs theory was primarily introduced by thinker Abraham
Maslow in the year of 1943. It include different levels of employees as per hierarchy along with
reasons of motivate people. The 2m Group Limited can adopt Maslow hierarchy theory in order
to motivate their staff members to increase productivity in business. They involve several stages
in pyramidal form describing basic needs which are as follows:
 Physiological needs: - This can be described as basic need of human being such as
hunger, thirst, sleep etc. i.e. use to spend life properly. It include various factors that are
necessary to survive in appropriate manner (Avey, Palanski and Walumbwa, 2011).
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(Source: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory. 2018) Safety and security: - The term safety refer to security of life which states about all such
factors that are needed to ensure safety of an individual. It involve employee security
while working, health related and other means to avoid troubles. It can be considered as
basic safety requirements of an individual. Belongingness and love: - This can be explained as several factors that are related to
personal connection of people with social groups. It include certain elements such as
integration into social groups, feel part of a community or a group, affectionate
relationships and many more (Miao and et. al., 2013). Esteem: - The term esteem is all about image of an individual in front of society
including family, relatives friends etc. It include certain factors such as attention,
prestige, status and loving their opinion. Esteem basically means to being valued,
respected and appreciated by other people. Self-actualization: - This can be described as an individuals actual desires to attain
growth in their life and improve their efficiencies as per requirements. This involve
criteria of grabbing several opportunities to attain challenging or higher positions and
work on creative tasks. Deficiency needs: - It include various requirements such as physiological, safety &
security, social – belongingness and love and esteem needs.
 Growth needs: - This refer to the factors involving personal growth and completing
efficiencies that considers basically the self actualisation needs (Miner, 2015).
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Illustration 1: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Theory, 2018

Alderfer – ERG theory: Existence needs, relatedness needs and growth needs
This theory of motivation was established by thinker named Alderfer that indicate threes
steps of needs which involves certain elements like existence, relatedness and growth. However,
it can be applied by 2m Group Limited which helps to analyse different needs of employees to
establish policy of completing them to improve regular work of people. Existence needs: - It includes several basic needs that are necessary for making sure
about existence of an individual properly that involves physiological and physical safety
needs. Relatedness needs: - This refers to those social needs of a person that include
establishing better relationships, love, belongingness which help to strive toward reaching
public frame along with recognition.
 Growth needs: - It includes those factors that means to improve efficiencies of an
individual to achieve better growth in life in order to get higher position or designation. It
can consider certain components like self-development, personal growth and
advancement form together this class of need.
McClelland – Need for achievement, affiliation and power
This theory of motivation was basically introduced by a famous thinker known as
McClelland which indicates about three elements i.e. achievement, affiliation and power. It will
encourage an individual to focus on learning requirements and gain proper education to achieve
better position. In case of 2m Group Limited, they can implement McClelland theory of
motivation top encourage employees towards boosting up performance to get success in career. Achievement motivation: - The term achievement motivation refer to those factors that
guide to attend various kind of educational programs to gain better knowledge to achieve
growth in career along with getting desired designation (Moore and et. al., 2012). It
basically includes person’s need for significant success, mastering of skills, control or
high standards. Affiliation motivation: - This refers to several element that affiliate motivation which
include need for love, belonging and relatedness. It is all about to establishing societal
connection people and maintain image of person amongst other people in society.
 Power motivation: - This can be described as an authority or power through which
someone encourage their sub-ordinates to follow instructions and perform particular tasks
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properly (Osland and Turner, 2011). It is all about power of authority due to which
employees get motivated to generate required outcomes on regular basis to complete
targets in proper manner.
Herzberg – Two factor theory
This theory consist two factors like motivating which is known as satisfactory and
hygiene that can be considered as dis-satisfactory elements. It was primarily introduced by
Herzberg and also known as motivation-hygiene theory. The 2m Group Limited can adopt
Herzberg theory to encourage people for increasing their productivity on daily basis with the
help of satisfactory and dis-satisfactory factors accordingly. Motivating factors: - The motivating factor includes achievement, recognition, work
itself responsibility and advancement. Hence, all these elements provide support to
encourage an individual to achieve growth and improve standards of living.
 Hygiene factors: - This type of factor can be considered as deficiency needs like
company policy and administration, supervision, salary, interpersonal relationships and
working conditions. Thus, such elements which motivate an individual to prefer that
organisation which has favourable working conditions as per desires of person.
Skinner's reinforcement theory
This theory can be described as to conduct both positive and negative reinforcement in an
organisation to establish favourable conditions. Positive ones include criteria of praise,
appreciation, a good mark or grade, trophy, money, promotion or any other reward can increase
the possibility of the rewarded behaviours' repetition as well (Pinder, 2014). And the negative
one include that favour should be provided to needed person when they behave in correct way
otherwise not. This theory can be applied by 2m Group Limited to motivate employees for
increasing performance to achieve goals by focussing on positive and negative factors.
Vroom's expectancy theory
The Vroom expectancy theory include certain factors such as instrumentality, valence
and expectancy. It indicate several capabilities of an individual according to that they can
perform any task. It can be considered as an effective procedure which render an alternative
choices for voluntary activity and it is also controlled by a person. This theory can be adopted by
2m Group Limited for improving productivity of employees by providing result to them as per
their performance in order to attain desired objectives of business.
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Adams' equity theory
This theory has an essential and effective criteria that encourage people if they will
treated in equal manner like others then that person will remain morally stable. The 2m Group
Limited should maintain balance among their input and gained output which motivate them to
improve their performance that facilitate to achieve set targets properly.
Locke's goal-setting theory
This can be described as an appropriate theory of motivation that states that gaols or
objectives will encourage an individual to put high levelled efforts to achieve success (Sinclaire,
2011). In case of 2m Group Limited, they can implement Locke's goal-setting theory through set
clear goals and commit to fulfil them to motivate staff in respect of achieving set objectives by
increased performance of people.
The 2m Group Limited is following Maslow's hierarchy needs theory which involves
determining various levels of requirements of workers which helps to motivate an them at
different levels on organisation. Effective encouragement of staff members support them to
remain morally strong and perform their tasks properly in given period of time to generate
required outcomes.
TASK 3
P3 Techniques to make an effective team
Business organization that categorized their employees in teams to improve their
productivity and discover new approaches to attain objectives within an enterprise. A team is
made up of two or more people who work together in accomplishing their common goal. Team
work is becoming more familiar in the business world today. It can lead to increase workers
motivation and company productivity. Each member in a group bring a talent and skill on the
table, which can bring an overall success of a unit. Nowadays, business enterprise follow a
decentralised organization structure and hence, workers are given a freedom to discuss work
related problems outside the company. An effective group discussion should be conducted to
make an appropriate decision for specific topic by mutual understanding along with solving
minor conflicts during meetings or conferences (Dijke and et. al., 2012). It possess not only
technical skills, but also emotional intelligence. A technique to make an impressive group for 2m
Group Limited are described in detailed as:
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Beblin typology: This approach states that all team members have team-role which is
necessary for them to fulfil properly. It includes the combination of personal character or talents
that contributes their efforts as a whole to complete target of team successfully.
Techniques to make an effective team
 Defined Objectives: The team member should know about the roles and responsibilities
that are given to them, at a time while establishing goals of an organization. By deciding
goals, it is easy to understand and accept the vision, mission, goals and objectives of a
team. When goals are illustrious to worker, they can perform in a better and appropriate
manner.
 Good communication: If a group members has an effective communication skills, it will
decrease the conflict among the workers and help to improve the internal environment of
2m Group Limited. By a friendly conversation with their subordinates, team leader
provide help to render morale support to employee while they get demoralised and feel
helpless to perform their tasks properly.
 Mutual cooperation: As working in a group, worker should co-operate with their team
leader and also among existing co-workers. Main purpose of this procedure is to build
better coordination, more co-operative and peaceful environment with management and
employees (Wagner III and Hollenbeck, 2014). This increase individual's abilities,
knowledge and experience which are pooled by a group of people. And therefore, able to
accept each other strengths and weaknesses.
 Conflict resolution: It refer to a situation in which a person has to fulfil duties of two
inconsistent position, by which they are not able to perform their task properly. There is
disagreement among the co-worker. Therefore, a team leader can sort out there issues by
mutual understanding to avoid conflict among their subordinates. By using this technique
employees can express themselves openly and honestly which improve their doubts and
they are willingness to work in difficult situation. Leadership: There should be an appropriate leadership approach through which a leader
can generate trust factor amongst their sub- ordinates in proper manner. It will facilitate
that team members fulfil instructions of their superior with better dedication and hard
work. By using this technique, in a team no one can dominate their worker to work
forcefully.
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