Managing People: Motivation Theories in Modern Workplace at M&S

This report delves into the concept of motivation, its significance in enhancing employee performance, and various motivational theories. It discusses content and process theories of motivation, focusing on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. The report explains Maslow's theory, outlining physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization needs. It describes the modern workplace as a professionally designed structure incorporating technology to meet employee needs and drive organizational transformation. The report then applies Maslow's theory to Marks and Spencer, suggesting strategies to address each level of employee needs, fostering motivation and improving performance. The report concludes that motivation is essential for increasing employee capabilities and that motivational theories provide valuable guidance for businesses.

MANAGING PEOPLE AND SYSTEMS

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
What is motivation?.....................................................................................................................1
What are different theories of motivation?..................................................................................1
Pick any motivational theory and explain what this theory is all about?....................................2
Briefly describe the modern workplace?.....................................................................................3
Apply the chosen theory of motivation in the modern workplace?.............................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................4
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Motivation is crucial part of business that assist in influencing other to conduct business
practices in accurate manner. It has been determined that motivational activities will lead to
increase performance of employees (Schunk and DiBenedetto, 2020.). This report is based on
Marks and Spencer company. Marks and Spencer is a well known British Multinational company
which is offering clothing, footwear and home products to its customers. This organisation was
established in year 1884 and founder of this organisation is Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer.
This report includes information about motivation and different theories of motivation.
Motivational theory is determined in this report along with modern organisation.
MAIN BODY
What is motivation?
Motivation can be describe as the process which is significant for guideing and directing
others to increase their performance and productivity. This is very important for encouraging
others as well as influencing capabilities in order to accomplish desired goals and objective.
Motivation is refer as the reason for doing something (O’Reilly, 2020). For example if Manager
of Marks and Spencer company want to improve performance of employees then it is essential to
consider different motivational techniques such as rewards and recognition as well as other
benefits. This will help in motivating employees as well as increasing their performance level.
What are different theories of motivation?
Motivational theories are significant in order to provide accurate guidance and direction to
company for successfully and effectively conducting motivational practices. There are different
kinds of motivational theories which is majorly classified into process and content theory of
motivation. This can be describe as the study of understanding what are different factors which
will drive individual to work in particular manner with the motive of accomplishing goals. It has
been analysed that content theory of motivation focus on different elements which is needed by
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individual to lives. This includes Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg’s Two Factors Theory,
McClelland’s Theory of Needs and Alderfer’s ERG Theory. Whereas process theories of
motivation is significant for analysing psychological and behavioural process that will lead to
have affect over individual motivational practices. Process theories are Skinner’s reinforcement
theory, Vroom’s Expectancy Theory, Adam’s Equity Theory, and Locke’s Goal Setting Theory.
Pick any motivational theory and explain what this theory is all about?
Maslow's need hierarchy theory – This theory is made by Abraham Maslow's and this is
basic for choosing different necessities or need and requirements of individual. It is major for
association to analyze and evaluate delegates different necessities similarly as full fill them to
convince employees (Filgona and et.al., 2020). This is critical theory to decide various need of
individual to rationale them. There are different needs of person which is explain below –
 Physiological needs – This can be portray as the fundamental needs which needs to be
full filled for fruitful and compelling working of a person. Physiological needs
incorporates food, water, air, shelter and so on.
 Safety needs – Once physiological needs are filled by singular they will zero in on safety
needs. This sort of need incorporates monetary security, wellbeing and health and safety
against mishaps.
 Love and belongings needs – Social needs are exceptionally pivotal for individual as
individual is consider as friendly creature. Singular like to foster relationship as it will
prompt full fill love and belongingness needs. This incorporates fellowships, family,
gatherings of people and local gatherings.
 Esteem needs – When each of the three needs of individual is fulfilled they will zero in
on gathering with esteem needs. This incorporates the needs of appreciation and regard
from other. It is significant for organization to full fill esteem needs of an individual to
energize them just as spur to lead required arrangement of practices in powerful and
productive way.
 Self actualization needs – This is consider as the last need of Maslow need theory and in
this individual is focusing in on their capacity and development (Dörnyei, 2020). In this
kind of need individual is more worried to follow their energy and achieve certain
situation in association.
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Briefly describe the modern workplace?
Modern workplace can be describe as the operational setup that includes professionally
designed structure in order to successfully meet with both physical and technological needs of
employees along with organisation. This is crucial for enhancing for motivating employees to
conduct business practices in effective and efficient manner. Modern workplace will lead to
drive the company wide transformation by utilizing and considering new and innovative
technology (Hattie, Hodis and Kang, 2020). This type of workplace is refer as the set up of new
technology, physical and psychological conditions which is aimed to achieve employees
satisfaction as well as successfully enhance productivity and performance of business.
Apply the chosen theory of motivation in the modern workplace?
Maslow theory of motivation is significant for conducting activities in modern
workplace. This theory is mention below in context of Marks and Spencer company -
 Physiological needs – It is fundamental for Marks and Spencer organization to effectively
address physiological issues of representatives so they can lead strategic policies in
compelling and proficient way.
 Safety needs – It is significant for Marks and Spencer organization to foster safe work
space in which individual can center in their work and potential. This assume critical part
in inspiring workers just as boosting their presentation.
 Love and belongings needs – It is significant for Marks and Spencer organization to do
diverse representative commitment exercises in which workers can foster viable
relationship with others.
 Esteem needs – To fulfill esteem needs, Marks and Spencer organization need to give
various prizes and acknowledgment to energize their exhibition.
 Self actualization needs – for meeting with self actualization need Marks and Spencer
organization needs to give diverse development and improvement freedoms to
representatives. This will help with persuading and empowering representatives to do
strategic approaches in powerful and effective way.
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CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that motivation play essential role in organisation
which is significant for increasing performance and capabilities of employees. There are
different motivational theories which is effective for providing correct guidance to business.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Schunk, D.H. and DiBenedetto, M.K., 2020. Motivation and social cognitive
theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60, p.101832.
O’Reilly, R.C., 2020. Unraveling the mysteries of motivation. Trends in cognitive
sciences, 24(6), pp.425-434.
Filgona, J. and et.al., 2020. Motivation in learning. Asian Journal of Education and
Social Studies, pp.16-37.
Dörnyei, Z., 2020. Innovations and challenges in language learning motivation.
Routledge.
Hattie, J., Hodis, F.A. and Kang, S.H., 2020. Theories of motivation: Integration and
ways forward. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, p.101865.
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