Analyzing Leadership and Management Roles in M&S Operations

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MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION
M & S (MARKS AND SPENCER)

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
PART 1.......................................................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................4
DEFINITION OF THE MANAGER AND LEADER...........................................................5
ROLES OF THE LEADER...................................................................................................5
CHARACTERISTICS...........................................................................................................5
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LEADER AND THE MANAGER...........................................6
ROLE AND FUNCTION OF MANAGER AND LEADER.................................................6
MODELS APPROACHES THEORIES FOR LEADERSHIP..............................................7
STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS..........................................................................................7
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................8
PART 2.......................................................................................................................................9
KEY OPERATION OF THE M&S ORGANIZATION........................................................9
KEY APPROACHES TO THE OPERATION MANAGEMENT........................................9
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY OF THE MANAGER AND THE LEADER IN THE
SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF THE OPERATION..................................................9
IMPORTANCE AND VALUE OF THE OPERATION MANAGEMENT IN
ACHIEVING THE BUSINESS...........................................................................................10
KEY FACTORS WITHIN THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT THAT AFFECTS THE
DECISION MAKING OF A LEADER AND A MANAGER............................................11
INTERNAL FACTORS.......................................................................................................11
EXTERNAL FACTORS......................................................................................................12
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
This report is approaches to the Manager and Leader how they will take the initiative
participation in the organization. In the organization the manager is playing a very crucial
role for the organization and the leader is also an important for person for their followers. In
this report there is the discussion about the roles and responsibilities, how the organization
runs with the help of the manager and leader. For completing the assignment the chosen
organization is the M&S (Mark and Spencer). Where the external and internal factors takes
place in the organization in the terms of the trends. There are many factors which is very
important for the Management and Operation. Let’s understand the all the aspects of this
report, which has been described below.

PART 1
INTRODUCTION
The report is prepared for the role of the managers and knowing the facts of the leadership in
the organization. This report is based on the M$S (Mark and spencer) organization where the
organization can show the role and responsibilities of the organization. This organization is a
group of the organization, where the M&S providing the services in the various purposes, like
as, clothing, food, home products etc. This is one of the biggest organizations in the fields of
trends, lifestyle and clothes. Which is also known as the big four? The founder of this
company was Michael markets and its headquartered is in London, UK. This company works
very well in the trends fields where this company is achieved so many things in the entire
period. This company provides the services to the other organization also in terms of lifestyle,
trends etc. because M&S is one of the biggest parts of the clothes which can help anyone in
the entire world. If the company will discuss the trends then there is the tens of thousands of
dedicated professionals independent firms where the trends of this organization will take
place for finding out the audit report, consulting, and related services to select the best clients
for the doing the work properly in the organization (Burke, 2013).

DEFINITION OF THE MANAGER AND LEADER
MANAGER: An individual who is responsible for assigning the task among the employees,
managing the task and controlling the staff of the organization is known as the manager
(Crawford, 2014).
LEADER: An individual who is motivating the group of people towards the achievements of
the goal of the organization.
ROLES OF THE LEADER
GOAL: the -An individual has the good tendency for providing the correct direction to their
team members of the organization by which the employees can move in the correct way for
the achieving their desired goals.
FAITH:-The leader always have the trust to their employees because the trust is the biggest
part of the manager's fields so the organization can move properly because the trust and they
believe should be the among the employees in the organization (Burke, 2013).
TIME MANAGING: - This is the important thing for completing the work on time as per
the given date of the assignment because once the time went it never comes again.
CHARACTERISTICS
The leader is the person who represents an organization and the leader should be punctual,
genius, come up with the innovative ideas etc. A leader is a person to whom many employees
followed so the leader should have good communication skills also which shows the
professionalism in the organization (Crawford, 2014).
ROLES OF THE MANAGERS:-There are the various kinds of the role of the managers
who are playing a very crucial role in the organization which are mention below;-
MONITOR: - The managers can monitor the work of the assignment which is assigned to
the employees by him. The feedback and can also audit the performance of the employees.
MAINTAIN THE SCHEDULES: - The schedules can be maintained by the manager for the
work of the employees and for the other things also which comes under the managers.
DEVELOPING THE BUDGET: - The budget can also be decided by the managers in the
organization

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LEADER AND THE MANAGER
ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE GOAL:-The goals of the managers rose out of the
requirements or out of the necessities of the organization while the leader decided to achieve
the goals of the organization in a suitable time. Managers goals are decided not by the desired
but these are decided by the necessities of the organization.
CONCEPTIONS OF THE WORK:-Managers opposing the work and take the initiative for
removing the risk while the leader has the new and fresh work to do and taking the innovative
ideas to do. At the time of the work, the managers can audit the performance where the
managers take the steps for removing the risk, managing the time and the leader always have
the new opportunities in front of them where the errors can take place.
RELATION WITH OTHERS:-Managers maintain the relationships among the employees
in a professional way while the leader can make their relation casually.For maintaining the
relation among the people for both leader and manager not very easy to do. Managers can
communicate their employees by sending the mail or the symbol in the organization.
SENSE OF SELF:-In this part of the organization the, the sense comes from the
perpetuating and strengthen the existing institution and feel the part of the organization while
the sense comes after doing the struggle and meets to the uncertainties.
ROLE AND FUNCTION OF MANAGER AND LEADER
In the organization there are the various kinds of the situations takes place which is relevant
to the various operation at that time the managers and the leaders can take place in the
various ways, which are mention below:-
The situation which does not change in any time in the organization is known as the stable
condition or in other words, it says that the organization which shows the stability in the
organization and there is no change takes place in the structure of the organization. This is the
process of not changing the factor which is not affecting the organization policy.
Sometimes the fluctuation takes place in the organization which changes the decision making
the policy of the organization. These kinds of changes take place in the decision making
where the skills of the manager and leader can be checked at changing the policy of the
organization. A situation which changes the market rapidly where the market is not stable.
The change which comes frequently in the fields of the operation affects the organization.

This rapidly changes can bring the biggest effects in the organization. These are the various
situations where marketing takes place in the different fields of the organization. This is very
important for the organization (Krajewski, 2013).
MODELS APPROACHES THEORIES FOR LEADERSHIP
Situational leadership theories:-There are the various kinds of theories which are mainly
focused on the states where no single theory can work in the fields of the decision making of
a manager and a leader. It describes that a good leader is one who selects the leadership
theory for the work on the basis of the situations.
SYSTEM LEADERSHIP THEORIES:-According to this theory an organization works for
the system. In the open system, it can make the various strategies while in the closed system
the various strategies cannot take the part.
CONTINGENCY LEADERSHIP THEORIES:-In this part of theories the leaders can take
the decisions according to the situation in the organization and in this various terminologies
also participate in solving the problem. This terminology can analyse the performance of the
employees with the help of the LPC cycle in the organization. It permits the leader for
selecting a suitable worker for a suitable job in the organization (Krajewski, 2013).
STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS
BUSINESS STRATEGY:-In this part of the management and operation the strategy of the
decision takes place where the organization do the planning and following the structure, if the
contribution of the employees is low then it converts into the weakness.
EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL:-For the organization the targets and the goals should be
the fixed for the internal and external factors which are playing a very important role of the
organization, where the parts of the internal and external factors are introduced their
importance by which the targets of the organization can be achieved easily if the targets are
not achieved then the development is also not taking place in the organization.
AUDIT:-This is the process where the managers can check the performance of the employees
and provide them with feedback as per the work by which the employees can improve the
weak zone of the work. This is very helpful for the organization and as well as for the
employees also. If this will not take place in the organization then these weak areas convert
into the weakness of the management and operation.

TARGETS:- This is the process of achieving the goals of the organization where the
operation and management take place for the structure of the organization. These targets are
very helpful for the employees by which the organization can run for a long term in the
business. The management and operation have many targets for every year for achieving
them the employee’s works in the organization.
CONCLUSION
This is the report of the management and operation, where this report discusses the leader and
manager in the first part. Managers and the leaders are the individuals who will take the
decision in various situations for improving the productivity of the organization. For
completing the above points which are mention in the part first, the organization is select
which M&S is. This company is famous for its network all over the world. This report also
approaches to the leader and the manager for achieving the common goals. In the M$S
Company the decision which has been taken by the leader and manager it will depend on the
condition or on the situation.

PART 2
KEY OPERATION OF THE M&S ORGANIZATION
This is the process where the organization gets to know about the performance of the
employees in the fields of operation and management. In this, there are the various operations
which are performed in the organization. M&S is the Biggest Company in the fields of the
network where the operation and management have the various task to complete in the
organization. The approaches of this organization meet or achieve the goal of the
organization. In the fields of the operation, there are many things to do which takes place in
the organization, these kinds of operation are very helpful for the organization. In the
organization of the M&S the network which is provided to the fields of the organization for
achieving the goals of the organization.
KEY APPROACHES TO THE OPERATION MANAGEMENT
In the organization of the M&S, there are many approaches which are in use of the operation
and management. This organization is also developed the different kinds of network in the
fields of the corporate sector. There are some methods which are created by the M&S itself
like six-sigma, lean principles and supply chain system in the organization. In the six sigma is
used for minimizing the error and reducing the error from the operation and management
which is very useful in the organization. In this operation management, the supply chain
management system also takes place in the organization where this chain system maintains
the chain system of the network. These approaches are very helpful in the organization for
achieving the goals and targets of the organization (Bradley, 2011).
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY OF THE MANAGER AND THE LEADER IN
THE SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT OF THE OPERATION
There are various kinds of responsibility takes place for the management and operation which
are mention below:-
DIRECT ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITY:-There are the many approaches which take
place in the operation and management in the fields of the services and products. The
activities which are directly relevant to delivering the products and the services like planning,
controlling, performance, improvement etc. This also takes part in improving the
performance of the employees.

BROAD RESPONSIBILITY: - In this part of the management and operation takes the part
in the wide or in the broad ways because the task which is assigned to the employees of the
management and operation of the organization is useful for the organization. In this many
tasks take participation which also involves the scanning and this also shows the transparency
in the organization.
INDIRECT RESPONSIBILITY:- The activities which take the part apart from the work of
the organization which is known as the indirect responsibility. These kinds of activities
involve those managers who can manage the other work also. It includes the other function
which is known as the indirect responsibility like marketing, finance, accounting, personnel.
DECISION MAKING:- This is the main function for the manager and for the leader where
the managers and leader can take participation in selecting the various ways for providing the
correct decision in the organization. Decision making is a very good process for the
organization, where the managers having the responsibility for taking the correct decision.
IMPORTANCE AND VALUE OF THE OPERATION MANAGEMENT IN
ACHIEVING THE BUSINESS
STRATEGIES: - Management and operation are very important for making the strategy by
the objectives of the organization can be achieved easily. In this kinds of the strategy, the
employees are also taking place for managing the tasks, to whom this task is to be assigned in
the organization so the given tasks can achieve easily (Bradley, 2011).
REDUCING THE WASTAGE: - The management and operation are also very helpful for
the organization for reducing the waste material or waste thing from the organization or that
waste can be used again after recycling in the organization by which the organization can also
save the money of the organization.
UTILIZATION OF THE RESOURCES: - Everyone knows the use of the resources but in
the management and operation tells about the proper utilization of the resources. Where the
resources can be used in the organization. How this can affects organization after using it in a
good manner. These resources can achieve the goals of the organization easily by using these
in a proper manner.
SCHEDULE MAKING:-The making of the schedule is very helpful for the management
and the operation by which the organization can make the duration of every task which is

assigned to the employees also very careful at the time of the work. This part of the
management and operation is very helpful for achieving the goals and objectives of the
organization.
DEVELOPMENT: - In the management and operation, development is very necessary
because the new development comes up with new opportunities in the organization.
Development is very necessary for the fields of the operation and management, by which the
employees can learn new things also in the organization.
KEY FACTORS WITHIN THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT THAT AFFECTS
THE DECISION MAKING OF A LEADER AND A MANAGER
The organization is affected by the various factors of the environment and these factors also
affected the performance and productivity for the same, so it is mainly divided into types-
External and the Internal.
INTERNAL FACTORS
This is the factors where the businesses can be affected internally and they will control these
factors by it only. This is the factor where the process internally can make the decision for the
organization (Stein and Smit 2013).
FINANCIAL:-This is the factor where the cost of the organization managing which also
affects the organization. The organization is depending on the financial sector because of the
finance sector the stability will comes in the organization. This also shows the structure of the
business.
EMPLOYEE RISK:-Employees are the key resources of any organization. The risk of the
employees affects the business system of an organization. There are many risks which are
related to the employees.
STRATEGIC RISK:-This is the process of the strategies where the strategies or planning is
done for achieving the goals. Their risk depends upon the changes which come in the fields
of the demand and in the new technologies (Bradley, 2011).
ORGANIZATIONAL AND OPERATIONAL:-These part of the administrative and
operational activities. In this part of the organization, the errors of the employees can be
recorded for the long term. These functions are very important for the organization by which
the employees can be work properly in the organization.