Impact of Multinational Companies on the Romanian Business Environment

This report analyzes the impact of multinational companies (MNCs) on the business environment of Romania, focusing on Marks and Spencer (M&S) as a case study. The introduction establishes globalization's role in business expansion, highlighting M&S's entry into Romania. The report defines aims and objectives, including assessing the impact of MNCs, identifying benefits for MNCs, and examining expansion challenges. A project management plan outlines costs, scope, time, quality, resources, communication, and risk management. The Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) aids in project organization, while a Gantt chart visualizes project timelines. The research methodology includes both qualitative and quantitative approaches, utilizing primary and secondary research, and discusses sampling techniques. The report explores the cultural impact and benefits of M&S's expansion in Romania, including offering quality products and services. The report also analyses the impact on the Romanian business environment and examines challenges faced by multinational companies.

Managing Successful
Business Project

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Main Body.......................................................................................................................................1
Aim and objectives......................................................................................................................1
Project management plan............................................................................................................1
Work Breakdown Structure.........................................................................................................3
Gantt Chart..................................................................................................................................4
Research Methodology................................................................................................................6
Data Analysis..............................................................................................................................9
Recommendation.......................................................................................................................18
Reflection..................................................................................................................................19
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................19
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................21

TOPIC: “Multinational companies impact the business environment of the host destination”.
INTRODUCTION
Globalisation is considered as a process by which firm initiate their business operation s
at international level. This assists company in creating its global influence for operating the
business enterprises effectively into new marketplace (Beamish, 2013). This is a structure which
spreads goods, technology information crosswise domestic as well as global culture. For this
report the chosen company is Marks and Spencer which is a fastest growing multinational British
retailer. It deals in clothing, home products and luxury food products. It headquarters is in
Westminster, London. The purpose of this report is to analysis the aims and objectives regarding
how multinational companies impact the business environment of the host destination. Preparing
a project management plan as well as research methodology is used to meet the aims and
objectives of projects. Recommendation as well as the reflection about the project are also
mentioned in this report.
Main Body
Aim and objectives
For preparing the business plan the foremost things is to analyse the aim as well as the
objectives of the project. As on the basis of this whole research is conducted (Boddewyn, 2015).
Company name: Marks and Spencer
Aim: To examine the impact of multinational companies on business environment of Romania.
A study on Mark and Spencer.
Objectives:
 To analyse the impact of multinational organisations upon business environment of
Romania.
 To identify benefits for multinational companies while expanding their business in
Romania.
 To examine the issues faced by multinational organisations at the time of business
expansion in emerging country.
1

Question:
 What are the impact of multinational organisations upon business environment of
Romania ?
 What are the benefits for multinational companies while expanding their business in
Romania ?
 What are the issues faced by multinational organisations at the time of business
expansion in emerging country ?
Background of the study:
Now a days globalisation is a structure which has attain through various firm in order to
understand the impact of its business activities in global market. Different organisation adapt this
process to sell its goods as well as services into competitive market (Brouthers, Nakos and
Dimitratos, 2015). As it assists company to maintain their sustainability, productivity and
profitability for long duration. In respect of Marks and Spencer a leading British multinational
retailers is expanding their business in other country Romania. Moreover, evaluating the reasons
how multinational companies such as Marks and Spencer impact the business environment of
the Romania country.
Project management plan
Project management plan aids manager of the project to attain the project objectives in
effective manner. In order to prosperously succeed a project, manager of the projects required to
has a plan for particular project. This is described as the process through which the management
can implement, control and monitor the project (Buckley and Ghauri, 2015). It is considered as
an formalized and developed manners to manage the projects. This involve few components
which will helpful for the Marks and Spencer to carry out the process of research effectually.
Some are mentioned below:
Cost: In this elements of project management plan estates the amount that will be needed
to accomplish the project. This also involve the cost where a firm executes a new projects into
business organisation to obtain profit. In respects to present research, for completing it, research
team needs approx £1200 and in context of Marks and Spencer, to initiate their operations into
new countries it have to spend an estimated amount of £18000.
Scope: This project management plan explain the new project scope through which firm
can accomplish their objectives. Emergence in organisational scope will assists company to set
2

up the business operations which aids them in executing the activities as well as setting the
objectives of operations in effective ways. It will also assists in appropriate planning. In respect
of Marks and Spencer as it is expanding their business in Romania where individuals seeks to
buy new and trendy clothes, home products and so on. Thus, by finding out the business
environment of Romania it have evaluated that there is huge scope for Marks and Spencer to
expand business into new marketplace. Through examining the globalisation concepts, their
management can develop effectual strategies consequently in order to attract the new consumers.
Time: This elements of project management plan estates the time period for
accomplishing the whole project activities in expected way. This also, suggests duration under
that a firm can complete their decided objectives (Burns, 2016). Herein, the Marks and Spencer
required to manage their time according to its objectives in order to ascertain the effectual
outcomes. Furthermore, respective firm need about 24 months in accomplishing of its projects
which is multinational firm are effecting the environment of country.
Quality: For gaining the effectual results in efficacious way of project. This is crucial for
investigation team to focus on quality. Through monitoring the procedure where all activities,
manager of the project obtain a chance to minimise the happening of their failure. It will assists
in appropriate planning of the business operation that will be accomplish in effectual manner.
Resources: For conducting the present research that is based on examining the Marks
and Spencer impacting the business environment of Romania. Project manager need appropriate
amount of resources. It involves the funds, communication system, human resource capital and
another tangible as well as intangible resources. While Marks and Spencer is expanding their
business operations in Romania, manager required to provide trendy clothes and home products
as per the preference and requirements of the global consumers and hire proficient candidates at
workplace. Apart from this many resources such as journals, nooks, stationery etc. are used to
accomplish the process of research at workplace.
Communication: Effective communication need to be perform in strategic manner for
developing the proper measure as well as tools to manage operation and whole activities which
will aids in accomplishing the operations in an strategic manner (Chesbrough, Vanhaverbeke and
West, 2014). This is important for project manager to execute a better communication system.
This is helpful in facilitating timely information to all member as well as explains them in what
3

manner operations has to be done. Herein, respective firm can communicate with the assistance
of communication tools such as social media, group messaging, internal blogs, videos etc.
Risk: Through many researcher view points, it have been examined that globalisation concepts is
advantageous for the firm as they are moving towards global market. But still it raise many
problems as well as challenges. Herein Marks and Spencer is taking risk by expanding its
business operations global level for understanding the impact of business environment at which
nation firm is functioning.
Work Breakdown Structure
Work breakdown structure is considered as a key projects that managed as well as
organised its work of group in effective way. WBS generally refers as the core process into
project management. This is introduced in year 1993 purpose to form the large project more
controllable. Also, it is a functional diagram which decomposes work through layers as per the
internal framework or an execution procedure (Cui. and Jiang, 2012). It breaks down the project
into various comparatively independent, respective content as well as simple accounting units of
task. An effective work breakdown structure will lead towards strategic productivity of the team
and comprehensive management of project. Herein, Marks and Spencer are finding the necessity
of whole expenditure that it need to manage for attaining their objective in successful manner.
4

Gantt Chart
A Gantt chart is considered as a helpful graphical tool that represents the activities or
work performed against period of time. This is also refers as visual demonstration of a project at
which activities are divided as well as shown on a chart that make it effortless to interpret and
explain. This assists researcher to find out the starting time till project accomplishment.
Furthermore, organisational chart shows the precedence network relations with operations. The
main aim behind using this tool is to plan as well as programs of project in specified time
periods. In this used by Marks and Spencer to schedule the processes of manufacturing, workers
listing or scheduling, events planning and many more.
5

6

Research Methodology
This includes the techniques by which researchers can gather adequate amount of data
mostly from the sources of internal as well as the external (Dai and et.al, 2014). This types of
information assists business organisation in developing strategic decisions for attaining its
objectives. It can be performed in two ways qualitative and quantitative that are explained below:
Qualitative Research:
Qualitative Research is refers as a mainly the exploratory research. This is applied for
obtaining the knowledge of implicit reasons, persuasion as well as motivation. Also, it gives a
visual image in difficulty or assistance to create opinion or hypotheses for expected quantitative
research. This is utilized to show the trends into idea and persuasion as well as diving deeply into
issues. Few methods involve group discussions, personal interviews, observations and so on. The
data gathered through strategies may vary using semi-structured or organised process.
Quantitative Research:
Quantitative Research is basically utilized for determining the issues through the manner
of producing numeric data or information which can be changed into functional data point. Also,
this is applied to specify the knowledge, persuasion, behaviours as well as another definite
variables and conclude outcomes from a large population sample (Iles and Martin, 2013). This
mostly utilise measurable data for formulating the concept and also expose structures into
research. It involves face-to-face interviews, telephone interviews, online surveys and many
more.
 Primary research: Primary research is considered as a new research that are performed
to response particular problems or questionnaires. It is a method that concentrates upon
data gathering directly from individuals. Mostly the information gathered through self. In
this research, it have been performed on specific issues that will carry out to identify the
upcoming solutions for this.
 Secondary research: Mostly secondary research involves the data that are researched
previously for another functions or aim as well as publicly gettable. It is also considered
as the 'desk research'. This involves the published reports of research, surveys or
websites and so on. This is generally cost effectiveness in comparison to primary one. It
have a advantage that a firm can recruit another individuals to gather information on their
behalf as well as manage it effectually.
7

Sampling:
This is considered as a process for choosing the participants for the examination. It can
be classified into two categories that are probability as well as non probability sampling. This is
utilise by the firm to know about the proper sampling size so that effectual outcomes can be
gained (Dunning, 2015). Within company sampling can be performed by various methods like
stratified sampling, random sampling and so on. For accomplishment for project investigator
adapts the techniques of sampling for obtaining information. For this the selected respondents is
20.
Qualitative research:
 To analyse if multinational companies are really effect the business environment of
international market area ?
As per the Johanson , if a multinational company expand their business at international
market they will get affected by their culture. This is so because diverse culture peoples demand
and required products accordingly due to which Marks and Spencer will develop and design
products and services accordingly in order to attract them in effective and efficient manner.
Along with this respective company also needs to hire employees accordingly so that they can
operate its business in effective manner in diverse culture.
 To ascertain whether expansion of business gives more benefits for M&S in terms of
earning sustainability in Romania market.
As per the Killing, expansion of Marks and Spencer in Romania market is beneficial
because by they are offering quality products at affordable price which will attract customers on
high rate. Along with this respective company also introducing products according to Romania
culture which encourage customers to visit at store and purchase products. By which Marks and
Spencer able to gain more profitability and also enhance their customers base.
 What are the major issue M&S needs to concern while expanding its business in
Romania market ?
As per the Kerzner, while expanding business operations and function in market of
Romania Marks and Spencer must take care of several things such as their budget, develop
product according to culture of respective country, rules and legal practices must be consider
while operating operations. Along with this they must face issues in workforces for which they
have to hire appropriate staffs according to requirement.
8

Quantitative research:
QUESTIONNAIRE
Q.1. Are you aware about the concept of globalisation?
 Yes
 No
Q.2. Does globalisation have an impact upon business environment of Romania?
 Yes
 No
Q.3. What are the major challenges faced by M&S while expanding their business in Romania ?
 Change in technology
 Cultural divergence
 Governments policies for business organisation
 All of the above
Q.4. Do you think M&S attains its sustainability while operating business at global level?
 Agree
 Disagree
Q.5. Does expansion of organisations at global level increase competition among multinational
companies?
 Yes
 No
Q.6. Which entry modes M&S need to adopt for expand its business in Romania Market?
 Franchising
 Licensing
 Patten right
 Trade Mark
Q.7. Is M&S able to stay competitive in Romania marketplace?
 Agree
 Disagree
Q8. How Globalisation impact on operational activities of M&S?
 Positive
9

 Negative
Q9. Do you think M&S needs to enter into a new sector for earning high profitability?
 Yes
 No
Q10. On which factors M&S need to concern more to run business efficiently in Romania
market?
 Micro economic factor
 Macro economic factor
Q11.Do you have any suggestion regarding further improvements …....................
Data Analysis
Theme 1: Concept of globalisation
Q.1. Are you aware about the concept of
globalisation?
Frequency
 Yes 15
 No 5
10
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
15
5 Column C

Interpretation: From the above graphical representatives it has been analysed that out of
20 respondents 15 have appropriate knowledge of globalisation whereas 5 participants have not.
As its result it has been identified that customers are well aware with the concept of globalisation
so it can be a beneficial approach for M&S while expanding business in different countries
(Eriksson and et.al., 2015).
Theme 2: Impact upon business environment of Romania
Q.2. Does globalisation have an impact upon
business environment of Romania?
Frequency
 Yes 13
 No 7
Interpretation: As per the above graphical data it has been analysed that out of 20
participants, 13 are responding that globalisation has impact on Romania business environment
11
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14 13
7
Column C

and 7 are not. As a outcomes this is not advantageous for the Marks and Spencer as they are
expanding their business.
Theme 3: Challenges faced by M&S while expanding their business in Romania
Q.3. What are the major challenges faced by
M&S while expanding their business in
Romania ?
Frequency
 Change in technology 5
 Cultural divergence 7
 Governments policies for business
organisation
3
 All of the above 5
12
0
2
4
6 5
7
3
5
Column C

Interpretation: According to the above graphical representatives have been analysed
that M&S are facing issues while expanding business in Romania so out of 20 respondents 5 are
responding towards the technology changing, 7 are saying that cultural divergence is the
problems. Where as 3 participants are responding to policies of government and 5 are saying
that all the major challenges for M&S.
Theme 4: M&S attains its sustainability
Q.4. Do you think M&S attains its
sustainability while operating business at
global level?
Frequency
 Agree 12
 Disagree 8
Interpretation: According to above graphical data it have been analysed that 12
respondents are saying that M&S achieve their sustainability while operating business at
international level and 8 disagree. As a outcomes it is benefited for the M&S.
13
Agree Disagree
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
12
8
Column C

Theme 5: Organisations at global level increase competition
Q.5. Does expansion of organisations at
global level increase competition among
multinational companies?
Frequency
 Yes 15
 No 5
Interpretation: As per the above graphical data it has been analysed that out of 230
respondent 15 are in favour that it enhances the competition while expanding business at global
level and 5 are say no. As an outcomes, there will be more competition which is not beneficial
for the M&S.
Theme 6: M&S need to adopt for expand its business in Romania Market
Q.6. Which entry modes M&S need to adopt
for expand its business in Romania Market?
Frequency
14
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16 15
5
Column C

 Franchising 6
 Licensing 8
 Patten right 4
 Trade Mark 2
Interpretation:As per the above graphical representatives it have been analysed that out
of 20 participants 8 are in favour of licensing, 6 are saying franchising, 4 are suggesting the
pattern right and 2 are in favour of trade mark. As a results M&S has to prefer the Licensing.
Theme 7: Competitive in Romania marketplace
Q.7. Is M&S able to stay competitive in
Romania marketplace?
Frequency
 Agree 14
15
Franchising Licensing Patten right Trade Mark
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
6
8
4
2
Column D

 Disagree 6
Interpretation: According to the above graphical representation it has been examined
that from the 20 respondents 14 are say that they have the capability to stay in the market of
Romania and 7 are not. As an outcomes more customers are in favour of M&S.
Theme 8: Operational activities of M&S
Q.8. How Globalisation impact on
operational activities of M&S?
Frequency
 Positive 16
 Negative 4
16
Agree Disagree
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
14
6 Column D

Interpretation: According to the above graphical representatives it have been analysed
that 16 respondents are saying that it impacts positively and 4 participants are responding that it
effects negatively. This is advantageous for the company M&S.
Theme 9: M&S needs to enter into a new sector for earning high profitability
Q.9. Do you think M&S needs to enter into a
new sector for earning high profitability?
Frequency
 Yes 9
 No 11
17
Positive Negative
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
16
4
Column D

Interpretation: As per the above graphical data it have been analyse that out of 20
participants 9 are in favour that M&S should enter into new sector fro earning more profitability
as well as 11 are not in favour. So, M&S do not has to enter into new sectprs as this is risky.
Theme 10: M&S need to concern more to run business efficiently in Romania market.
Q.10. On which factors M&S need to
concern more to run business efficiently in
Romania market?
Frequency
 Micro economic factor 17
 Macro economic factor 3
18
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
9
11
Column D

Interpretation: According to above graphical representation it have been analysed that
out of 20, 17 are responding towards the micro factors as well as 3 are replying to macro factors.
Therefore, as per this on micro factors M&S need to concern more to run business efficiently in
Romania market.
Recommendation
From the above discussion it has been concluded that M&S hired a researcher in order to
have better and appropriate knowledge of market while expanding their business at international
marketplace (Gabrielsson and Gabrielsson, 2013). Apart form this there are some of the
recommendation in order to have better improvement as well meet up future needs which are
mention below:
 The mangers of M&S need to conduct proper research as well as analysis the market
keenly so that they can come up with their new offerings as per taste and preference of
customer's.
19
Micro economic factor Macro economic factor
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18 17
3
Column D

 For such purpose, manger can adopt different strategies and procedures so that they can
overcome with the impact of business while expanding their business at international
mark place.
 Herein, they can come up and trendy product as per need and want of customer's on
basis different occasion. Thus, in this manner they will bale to attain sustainability for
longer period of time.
Hence, above mention are some of the recommendation that can de adopted by mangers of M&S
as it will help them to expand their business at international marketplace. Moreover, it will help
them to attain market share along with high customer's base in competitive marketplace.
Reflection
In conducting this researcher I have faced many problems and issues in competing this
particular project within stated framework of time. Though I faced many problems but along
with I have gained knowledge and skills in an effective manner. Such as I have gain confidence,
knowledge, improved my communication skills as well as handling out problems in an effective
manner (Grayson and Hodges, 2017). Apart from this, I faced problem in collecting and
gathering information as some of the respondent were not responding in an positive manner
which created problem in analysing the appropriator result of my research. Moreover, in all
such process I have developed various skills such as problem solving skills, handling teamwork
as well as interacting with each other in an appropriate manner.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it has been concluded globalisation play's an essential fore in
today's context in developing as well as emerging an organisation in international marketplace. It
help an organisation to grow and enhance their product and services in international marketplace
so that an organisation can acquire large number of market share and attain sustainability for
longer period of time. Herein, for such purpose an organisation need to develop their employees
and staff members in an attractive manner so that they can handle any problem in an effective
manner. For such purpose they need to develop proper training and development for its
employees and staff members. Furthermore, with the conduction of proper research a respective
organisation can know about the culture, norms and regulation so that they can offer their
20

product and services accordingly. Thus, globalisation help an organisation to expand their
business function at international marketplace n in an effectively manner.
REFERENCES
Books and journals
Beamish, P., 2013. Multinational joint ventures in developing countries (RLE international
business). Routledge.
Boddewyn, J.J., 2015. Political aspects of MNE theory. In The Eclectic Paradigm (pp. 85-110).
Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Brouthers, K.D., Nakos, G. and Dimitratos, P., 2015. SME entrepreneurial orientation,
international performance, and the moderating role of strategic alliances.
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. 39(5). pp.1161-1187.
Buckley, P. and Ghauri, P., 2015. The internalisation theory of the multinational enterprise: A
review of the progress of a research agenda after 30 years. In International Business
Strategy (pp. 99-121). Routledge.
Burns, P., 2016. Entrepreneurship and small business. Palgrave Macmillan Limited.
Chesbrough, H., Vanhaverbeke, W. and West, J. eds., 2014. New frontiers in open innovation.
Oup Oxford.
Cui, L. and Jiang, F., 2012. State ownership effect on firms' FDI ownership decisions under
institutional pressure: A study of Chinese outward-investing firms. Journal of
International Business Studies. 43(3). pp.264-284.
Dai, L., Maksimov, V., Gilbert, B.A. and Fernhaber, S.A., 2014. Entrepreneurial orientation and
international scope: The differential roles of innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-
taking. Journal of Business Venturing. 29(4). pp.511-524.
Dunning, J.H., 2015. Reappraising the eclectic paradigm in an age of alliance capitalism. In The
Eclectic Paradigm (pp. 111-142). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Eriksson, K. and et.al., 2015. Experiential knowledge and cost in the internationalization process.
In Knowledge, Networks and Power (pp. 41-63). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Gabrielsson, P. and Gabrielsson, M., 2013. A dynamic model of growth phases and survival in
international business-to-business new ventures: The moderating effect of decision-
making logic. Industrial Marketing Management. 42(8). pp.1357-1373.
Grayson, D. and Hodges, A., 2017. Corporate social opportunity!: Seven steps to make
corporate social responsibility work for your business. Routledge.
Iles, A. and Martin, A.N., 2013. Expanding bioplastics production: sustainable business
innovation in the chemical industry. Journal of Cleaner Production. 45. pp.38-49.
Johanson, J. and Mattsson, L.G., 2015. Internationalisation in industrial systems—a network
approach. In Knowledge, networks and power (pp. 111-132). Palgrave Macmillan,
London.
Kerzner, H. and Kerzner, H.R., 2017. Project management: a systems approach to planning,
scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons.
Killing, P., 2013. Strategies for joint venture success (RLE international business). Routledge.
Online:
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Primary research. 2019. [Online]. Available through <http://businesscasestudies.co.uk/food-
standards-agency/market-research-and-consumer-protection/primary-and-secondary-
research.html>
22

Project Log Book
Project Logbook
Name:
Project title:
Date:
Update on weekly research/tasks achieved
Points to consider:
What have you completed?
I have evaluated the impart of multinational companies on business
environment of Romania.
Did you fulfil task requirements?
Yes
Are you on track and within deadlines set?
Yes
Did you need to make any changes to your project management plan?
No
Any risks and/or issues identified?
Points to consider:
Did you identify risks/issues with a lack of skills required for undertaking research/tasks?
In this report, I have examine that working in a team and it will gain members at the
time of conducting the task which are important.
Did you identify any additional risks/issues that have an impact on the project
management plan?
23

No
Problems encountered
Points to consider:
What barriers
did you face?
At the time
research
issue and
problems, I
have face
members of
teams which
are not
corporatelya
nd helpful in
each manner.
How did you
overcome
them?
I plan to
conduct
motivational
sessions and
such
activities for
employees
which help in
developing
belongingnes
s and
affection.
New ideas and change of project direction
24

What have I learnt about myself this week?
Points to consider:
How did I feel when I had to deal with tasks/problems? Did I find it useful to complete
the tasks?
I face various issues and problems at the time of conducting research such as time. The
given time is few while completing this research.
How well have I performed? What did I contribute? What can I improve on next week?
In order to complete respective an investigation in given time period, I encourage and
motivate all team members in order to complete tasks or work effectively. It will assist
me in identifying best results and outcomes in given time period.
How might this learning apply in the future?
This is that investigation which assist in enhancing skills and abilities in
order to develop team and doing work in better manner.
Tasks planned for next week
Points to consider:
Which tasks are priority?
Gathering required and authentic information and data.
Have you set aside sufficient time for completion?
Yes
Project plan status to date (on, ahead, behind)
Supervisor comments to address
25

Performance Review
1. What was the Project supposed to accomplish?
This project was about “”
2. Did the project succeed in its objectives/ how do you know?
Specifically, please outline any evaluation and assessment undertaken.
The main objective of this organisation is to analyse how multinational
companies impact upon business environment of Romania.
3. What things do you think worked well and why? Evaluate all
aspects of the project (e.g initial inception, project activities and project
outcomes) from a range of perspectives.
The investigation is about analyse the impact of multinational
companies are directly which assist in save time and collection of data and
information. This saves the time for completing project.
4. What problems emerged during the project and how were they
tackled? Was there timely identification of issues and resolution during the
project process?
Yes, there are many difficulties are faced during collection of information
from the employees and market. There is also difficult to find out the
solutions regarding that.
5. What did you learn from undertaking the project?
I have learned the impact of globalisation as well as influence of
internationalisation upon the business environment of a country.
6. How would you rate your performance as a management consultant
leading the project?
I rate my performance 7 out of 10.
7. What strengths and weakness of your performance did you identify?
My main strength is research and data collection abilities that help me in
collecting authenticate information for research topic. My weaknesses is
that I don't have time management skill that influence my working
26