System Design Report: Natural-Lee Online Shopping System (ISY00243)

This report presents a comprehensive system design for Natural-Lee, an organic food provider, aiming to create an online shopping platform. The report begins with an executive summary and introduction to the project, followed by detailed analysis of fact-finding techniques, including questionnaires and prototyping, along with recommendations and identification of key staff roles. It proceeds to define the main functions of the new system, roles for user interaction, and potential additional features. Use-case diagrams are created to visually represent system interactions, with descriptions of selected use cases. The report then delves into database design, including ERD diagrams, table structures, and data examples. Further, it covers system sequence diagrams, software package options, and feasibility analysis. The report concludes with recommendations for system implementation and overall project success.

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Executive Summary
Systems design is the process of defining elements of a system like modules, architecture,
components and their interfaces and data for a system based on the specified requirements. This
report deals with a new information system, its designing and all other crucial aspects which
must be ensured before a development of exact system as by designing different aspects of
system can be acknowledged and if any problem exists then it can also be identified and solution
can be developed before any other investment within the project. Basically, teh complete design
online booking or shopping system along with other management functions will be provided by
which it can become easy to practically implement the solution for problems that are being
experienced by organisation.

Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................2
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Activity 5.........................................................................................................................................2
1. Illustrate fact-finding techniques.............................................................................................2
2. Recommendations for fact-finding techniques........................................................................2
3. Identification of two staff members with distinct job roles for project...................................3
4. List of questions for interview.................................................................................................3
Activity 6.........................................................................................................................................4
1. List main functions which have to be carried out by new system...........................................4
2. Illustrate roles for communicating with new system...............................................................4
3. List of additional features which can be added within new system........................................4
4. Create use-case diagram for new system.................................................................................4
5. Select four use-cases and describe them..................................................................................6
6. Pick one use case and illustrate its description along with activity diagram.........................10
Activity 7.......................................................................................................................................13
1. Review fact-finding summary and information about required system................................13
2. Draw ERD diagram...............................................................................................................13
3. Design tables along with primary and foreign key................................................................14
4. Illustrate format of codes used in keys..................................................................................17
5. Creation of appropriate data with three records within each table........................................17
Activity 8.......................................................................................................................................20
1. Creation of system sequence diagram...................................................................................20
2. Search for software packages which can be used within new system...................................21
3. Illustrate three options for new system..................................................................................22
4. Review feasibility analysis of new system............................................................................22
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................22
Recommendations..........................................................................................................................23
References......................................................................................................................................24
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Introduction
System design refers to process that is being utilised for defining components, interfaces,
data and modules for a system that are liable for satisfaction of peculiar requirements. This
involves process of creation and alteration of systems along with practices, models,
methodologies and processes that are being utilised for developing them (Alkadeem and et. al,
2019). This report is based on Natural-Lee that furnishes organic certified fruits, nuts,
vegetables, decorative plants, eggs, and honey which are being grown up through biodynamic
soils and permaculture principles. This report comprises of fact-finding techniques,
recommendations along with interview questions and plans for the same. Furthermore, modelling
of new system will be done through usage of use case and activity diagrams. Apart from this, it
involves entity relationship diagram, database tables, format of codes and data within each table.
Furthermore, sequence diagram, packages along with feasibility analysis of new system.
Activity 5
1. Illustrate fact-finding techniques.
The process of collecting data along with information depending upon techniques that
comprises of sampling of existent research, questionnaires, prototyping, observation, joint
requirements and interview planning is referred to as fact-finding technique. The different
techniques that can be utilised by Natural-Lee are interviews, questionnaires, prototyping and
joint requirements planning. They can opt for questionnaire as this will furnish them with an
appropriate method through which they will be able to have answer to their queries and
alterations they are looking forward to include within their system (Awasthi and Omrani, 2019).
The major benefit provided by this is that it is inexpensive, practical, scalable, easy analysis can
be made and it is standardised. Furthermore, management of Natural-Lee can have quick results
through its usage along with respondent anonymity.
2. Recommendations for fact-finding techniques.
Apart from questionnaires, there are distinct fact-finding methodologies which can be
utilised by organisation. They are illustrated below: Prototyping: This is liable for collection of requirement facts related with system.
Basically, it illustrates a small working model which is associated with pre-design of
information system. This can be carried out at early stages of SDLC while identification
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of facts. It is recommended that Natural-Lee can test as well as acknowledge system in
advance before they are being executed. This will lead them to identify development of
system before development costs are being applied on them. It also have some
disadvantage that is results can be taken as real but this is not complete system.
 Joint Requirements Planning: This is structured group that is liable for carrying out
work meeting by identification, analysis of problems and defining needs of system. JRP
is liable for tabulating facts within smaller time frame (Beratan, 2019). The major
advantage which is furnished by this is that both management and users can use this.
Along with this, time is also saved with respect to development of system as this do not
involves conducting interviews i.e. one-on-one. But the disadvantage is it is important
that all individuals actively participate within JRP session.
3. Identification of two staff members with distinct job roles for project.
The primary roles for this are developer and tester. Their role has been specified beneath: Developer: They are liable for developing entire system as per the requirements which
have been attained. It is necessary that all the aspects are considered so that new system
as per what is being required (De Rooij, Mannak and Janowicz-Panjaitan, 2019).
 Tester: They are responsible for ensuring that system is working according to what is
being required and in case if all the requirements are not addressed then those must be
reported to developer by which changes can be made accordingly.
4. List of questions for interview.
With respect to Natural-Lee some questions have been illustrated beneath:
Developer
1. Tell about the projects on which they have worked on and what it was all about?
2. How are your SQL skills?
3. How you deal with an application if it stops working?
Tester
1. What is software testing?
2. Differentiate between quality assurance and quality control?
3. What tasks comes within test closure activities in the software testing?
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Activity 6
1. List main functions which have to be carried out by new system.
With respect to new system of Natural-Lee, the major functions which will be lead by
this are illustrated below:
 Information system will be liable for encouraging customer service along with
communication among them. Along with this, online base ordering system will be
created. It comprises of webpage through which customers can make orders and they will
also have details related with whether product is available or not (Fadillah and Fitriana,
2019). This will support accounting system which will aid within carrying out financial
transaction and record keeping.
 New system aids within production management through collection of data of company
as well as store its information.
2. Illustrate roles for communicating with new system.
The interaction can be carried out by management of Natural-Lee to carry out their
customer service to check orders that have been made along with products which are being
shown in available category. Furthermore, to identify how many payments have been made and
how many are pending (Falcidieno, Ruggiero and Torti 2019). In addition to this, all the
information of firm can be stored as well as retrieved when they are needed.
3. List of additional features which can be added within new system.
Though these attributes are enough for handling problems that are being faced by
Natural-Lee but still improvements can be made. There can be option for customer where they
can make queries and have a quick response for same. If some product is sold out then it should
be automatically updated as well as number of products left must be updated so that customers
can have exact number of products.
4. Create use-case diagram for new system.
The graphic depiction of interaction which takes place among different elements of
systems are referred to as use case diagram. They are being utilised for gathering needs of
system that comprises of internal as well as external influences (Falcidieno, Ruggiero and Torti,
2019). The use-case diagram for new system or it can be named as online shopping system is
illustrated below:
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The use-case diagram for Natural-Lee is illustrated above named online shopping system
where web customer can be registered and can view items or products which are being available
with them. As per requirements, they will make further purchases and can make payments
through usage of credit payment service or paypal which ever option is better for them. Then
they can check out. Furthermore, the new customers can register and can have access to services
that are being provided by Natural-Lee.
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5. Select four use-cases and describe them.
They are illustrated below:
Website Administrator:
Within Natural-Lee, website administrator is liable for creation of user, update and delete
them. The object Help Desk will look for users or probable customers, lock as well as unlock
them. Basically, they are liable for management of their users. If any alterations are being made
within information of users then it can be updated. In case when users are making orders but
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Illustration 1: Use Case for Website Administrator of Natural-Lee

cancelling them always such kind of customers can be blocked as well as locked as it is not
worth investing on them.
View Items & Customer Authentication:
With respect to this use case diagram, within new information system of Natural-Lee
items can be searched by their customers browse among options they have, as per their previous
purchases recommendations will be given to them which they can view. Within customer
authentication, they can add their products within shopping cart as well as update their wish list.
Here, add to Wish List and View Recommended Items requires that customers must be
authenticated. The reason behind this is to ensure that bot is not making use of the system and it
is a human.
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Illustration 2: Use Case for View Items & Customer Authentication of Natural-Lee

Merchants Credit Card Processing System:
In context of this use-case diagram, merchant or customers will give instructions for
transactions to credit card payment gateway. Bank that have issued credit card will act as a actor
those will either reject or approve transactions which are being made by customers. In case
transactions are being approved then funds will be directly transferred to account of Natural-Lee.
This will be done as per the products they have opted for and price will also be mentioned on
products. But some tax will be deducted when online payments are being made so total amount
will be according to this.
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Illustration 3: Use Case for Website Credit Card Processing System of Natural-Lee

Checkout Use-Case:
This involves various use cases, here web customer of Natural-Lee who have opted for
online shopping of food will be authenticated. It will be carried out by making use of single sign-
on or remember me (user authentication cookie).This can be carried out by making use of login
page of user. In addition to this, web site authentication services will be utilised. Checkout use
case also involves Payment use case which will provide an option of external credit payment
service, credit card payments or any other method which might be apt as per their users.
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Illustration 4: Use Case for Checkout for Natural-Lee

6. Pick one use case and illustrate its description along with activity diagram.
Website Administrator:
The above use case is basically utilised for managing users and possess two actors
website administrator & help desk. They have standard users that comprises of creation, retrieval
or finding, updation and delete them as per requirements. In addition to this the website security
aspects are also taken into consideration by making use of lock and unlock user use cases. For an
instance, if some individual is making unsuccessful login attempts via invalid user password then
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Illustration 5: Use Case for Website Administrator for Natural-Lee