This assignment solution covers fundamental aspects of network communication, including the ping message process and its relation to network layers, the steps involved in executing a traceroute command, and a comparison between physical and logical network topologies. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of a physical star topology and explores hybrid topology types. Furthermore, the assignment addresses media connectivity options for extending networks, such as fiber-optic cables and Ethernet extenders, detailing their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it includes a table identifying network layer names and protocols associated with specific tasks, like ensuring web server information reaches a browser and routing messages over the Internet. This document provides a comprehensive overview of key networking concepts and protocols, offering valuable insights for students studying network communication.