Where Did Theory Come From: Neuman's Systems Model Development

This assignment delves into the development of nursing theory, specifically focusing on Betty Neuman's Systems Model. The author, taking on the persona of a theorist, outlines the four stages of theory development: theorizing, syntax, theory testing, and evaluation. The assignment begins by establishing the author's perspective as a nurse and the need for a nursing theory. It then details the four stages, including the research and analysis involved, the definition of key terms, and the process of theory testing through qualitative and quantitative research methods. The author highlights the application of the Systems Model in patient care, referencing a case study involving a patient with multiple sclerosis. The final stage, evaluation, assesses the theory's philosophy and its impact on patient satisfaction and evidence-based practice. The assignment concludes by emphasizing the importance of the Systems Model in fostering communication, understanding, and improved patient care, ultimately enriching the quality of care through patient-centered and evidence-based practices. The author emphasizes the importance of the patient, family, and healthcare system's professional bond.

Running head: ASSIGNMENT ONE
NURSING THEORY
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1ASSIGNMENT ONE
Introduction
Nursing theories are the factors that outline the processes of the nursing and help the
nurse to identify the factors of the priorities of care on the basis of those priorities the process of
care would be analysed and planned by the nurses. There are several nursing theories present and
the theories would be developed by the nursing theorists depending on the secondary research
that is the literature review process about the previous developed nursing theories and also the
primary research about the need of the patients and the professional paradigm of the nurses.
Hence, the process of the nursing theory development depends on the research about the
requirement of the patients and the nursing professionals (Alligood, 2017). In the following
section the aspect of the nursing theory development would be discussed and the steps of the
nursing theory development would be discussed as well. The theory would be dicussed the
Neuman’s Systems Model and the theorist of this model is Betty Neuman.
Discussion
As a theorist I need to think about the perspective of a nurse and on the basis of that
perception the theory development of nursing would be done. The Systems Model of nursing is
also developed using this process and the theory would be developed on the basis of four steps
that are the theorizing, syntax, theory testing and evaluation. Collectively these four steps help in
the research and the analysis of the requirements and the need of the theory development.
Nursing is a sector of health care where nurses are pledged to promote health, prevent
illness and provide care to the ill, disabled and people in their death beds. In order to address all
these factors the nurse should research, advocate and diagnose the environmental and the
patient’s health condition (ICN - International Council of Nurses, 2019). In the first step that is

2ASSIGNMENT ONE
the theorizing, I need to think as a nurse and analyse the perspective of the nurse. In order to
develop the professional knowledge and the process of nursing the theorist need to do a
secondary research on nursing theories and also on the nursing processes. The theorist needs to
do a primary qualitative data collection among the nurses that is the interview of the nurses about
the nursing processes and implementation of the nursing theories as well. On the basis of these
data the theory development would be done and the systems model of nursing would be
developed (Mill, Allen & Morrow, 2016).
In the second step the theorist needs to develop the key terms of the nursing theory. The
nursing theory here is the Systems model and as the theorist I need to analyse the crucial factors
of the nursing practice and define the system and the relation of the system with the nursing
practitioners and the patients. The factor of the system is a collective body of the health care
professionals (Kaack et al., 2018). The key terms of Systems model are lines of resistance,
normal line of defense and flexible line of defense. Here the line of resistance defines the factors
that help the person to defend against the stressors. Normal line of defense states the equilibrium
state of the person and the flexible line of defense describes the dynamic nature that can be able
to alter within a short period of time (Memmott, Marett, Bott & Duke, 2017).
In the third step that is the theory testing process the theorist needs to research on the
factor of the implementation of the theory. The research would be done on the basis of the
interview process that is the qualitative data collection about the fact of the implementation and
the satisfaction, knowledge about the theory and other factors. The nurses would be targeted
people for the interview process. Other than this the quantitative approach for the research about
the implementation and effects of the nursing theory would also be assessed. In case the Systems
model the research would be done on the basis of the system and the client relationship. Hence,

3ASSIGNMENT ONE
the assessment can be done by interviewing some patients as well in order to know the
effectiveness of the theory. A patient with multiple sclerosis was evaluated on the basis of the
Neuman’s Systems Model which is the Intrapersonal stressors, interpersonal stressors and extra-
personal stressors analysis. The qualitative research result refers to the adaptation of the
framework would address the client satisfaction (Ahmadi & Sadeghi, 2017).
Finally the fourth stage comes into action that is the evaluation process of the theory.
The philosophy behind the theory would be assessed and described in this stage and needs to
consider the fact of the nursing legislative acts, nursing standards, codes and regulations of
nursing as well. The line of resistance, normal line of defense and flexible line of defense are the
factors of the systems model theory which helps in the evaluation of the patient’s condition
(Memmott, Marett, Bott & Duke, 2017). The implementation of the theory in the nursing
practice would help in the client satisfaction development as found in the qualitative research of
the treatment of patient with multiple sclerosis (Ahmadi & Sadeghi, 2017).
The Systems model theory also developed with all the four stages described above and
the fact of the theory development depends on the philosophy of the patient centered care
delivery to the patient with the evidence based practice and in order to do this system and the
family of the patient and the patient should create a professional bond that helps them support
each other. Hence, the process of the proper care to the patient can be delivered with the consent
of the family members of the patient and also the consent of the patient would be taken in
account. All these factors were considered by me in the development process of the theory which
would be helpful in providence of improved care to the patients by the nurses. The theory has
also helped in the communication and understanding between the patient and the nurses (Ahmadi
& Sadeghi, 2017).

4ASSIGNMENT ONE
Conclusion
Based on the above discussion it can be stated that the nursing theory development solely
dependent on the philosophy of nursing and the four stages of the theory development that are
the theorizing, syntax, theory testing and evaluation. The fact of the Systems model was the
development of a theory that helps the nurses and the patients and eliminates the barriers
between the family, patient and the system of health care. Hence, the quality of care would be
enriched and the evidence based practice and the patient centered care would be maintained in a
more effective way.

5ASSIGNMENT ONE
References
Ahmadi, Z., & Sadeghi, T. (2017). Application of the Betty Neuman systems model in the
nursing care of patients/clients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal–
Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 3(3), 2055217317726798. DOI:
10.1177/2055217317726798
Alligood, M. R. (2017). Nursing Theorists and Their Work-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Kaack, L., Bender, M., Finch, M., Borns, L., Grasham, K., Avolio, A., ... & Williams, M. (2018).
A Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL) practice development model to support integration of the
CNL role into microsystem care delivery. Journal of Professional Nursing, 34(1), 65-71.
DOI: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2017.06.007
ICN - International Council of Nurses. (2019). Nursing Definitions. Retrieved from
https://www.icn.ch/nursing-policy/nursing-definitions
Memmott, R. J., Marett, K. M., Bott, R. L., & Duke, L. (2017). Use of the Neuman Systems
Model for interdisciplinary teams. Online journal of rural nursing and health care, 1(2),
58-73. Retrieved from
https://rnojournal.binghamton.edu/index.php/RNO/article/download/489/386
Mill, J. E., Allen, M. N., & Morrow, R. A. (2016). Critical theory: Critical methodology to
disciplinary foundations in nursing. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research
Archive, 33(2). Retrieved from http://cjnr.archive.mcgill.ca/article/viewFile/1638/1638