Postpartum Depression in Newham: Analysis of Health and Wellbeing

This report investigates postpartum depression in the London Borough of Newham, examining the prevalence, causes, and effects of this condition on maternal health. The study highlights key health problems, including the high rate of caesarean sections and the impact of socioeconomic factors on women's mental health. It explores interventions such as counseling and psychotherapy, as well as policy initiatives aimed at improving maternal care. The report analyzes the effectiveness of these interventions, providing recommendations for stakeholders, including government, healthcare institutions, and family members, to enhance support for women experiencing postpartum depression and improve overall health outcomes in the community. The study also emphasizes the importance of addressing health inequalities and promoting continuous learning to reduce postpartum depression rates.

Postpartum Depression in
Newham

INTRODUCTION
Postpartum refers baby blues after childbirth which includes mood swings, anxiety and difficulties
in sleeping. All these problems are being faced by mother after giving birth to a baby and it
begins mainly after the first 2 to 3 days after delivery and last for 2 weeks. But some moms
face severe depression which lasts for long run and it is mainly known as postpartum
depression. This present study is based on London, Newham Borough in order to identify the
extent to which this problem is being faced by mothers after delivery and several other effects
which it has on their health. This study will discuss some symptoms by which it becomes
easier to identify the extent of the disease as it is a long lasting and for short term along with
effects which it has on health on mother.

Local urbanity, demographic and key health
problems in Newham
• The London Borough of Newham is a London Borough which is created in the year of 1965
as its main aim is to progress with the people. Before discussing about health problems in this
area it is important to understand lifestyle of people, health and religion. This Borough has the
2nd highest % of Muslims in the UK and in the context of life expectancy it is stated that in the
year of 2018 it was stated the lowest life expectancy as well as highest rate of heart disease. In
the regards to key health problems in London , UK rural urban status has been found to be
associated with behavioural and emotional problems in children. Depression and anxiety
affects up to 20% of the women after delivery. For more understanding reason of this problem
as why it is increasing and this increased rate it is important to understand economic social as
well as geographical environment in which mothers live.

Cont….
• In addition, it is found that situations are being improving as nursing team are taking extra care of pregnant women with mental
health problems or are in the first postpartum year. Around the borough nursing and specialists’ team hold outpatients clinics at
several locations in order to improve health by providing liaison services to maternity wards at Newham general hospital
(Sangsawang, Wacharasin and Sangsawang, 2019). In addition, it is found that impatient beds are also available at mother and baby
care unit which helps in solving health related problems. In the year of 2010, population of this Newham was estimated around
270,000 and by the year of 2031 it is estimates to rise to 375,500. Most of the residents in this area are Minority and Black ethnic
group which all are under age of 45 years.

Cont..

The key factors that influence health and causes of
mortality and morbidity in the area
• The birth of new born baby have the major level of triggering the jumble powerful emotions which have
the ranging from the excitement of joy to fears and anxiety which is being exactly to be find out as the
depression (Fauzanin and Martha, 2018). Most of the new mom have their experience of the postpartum
depressions that’s is “baby blues” after the birth of child which have the commonly, the part contesting
the clear inclusion of the mood swings, crying spells, anxiety and difficulty In sleeping. Baby blues have
the typically starts withing the two three days after the delivery by lasting up to the 2 weeks. But now
days women are experiencing the sever and long-lasting level of depressions which is known as the
postpartum depressions which is rarely have the extreme level of mood disorder which may laws
developed after the child birth. The issue of the postpartum depression have been the worldwide concerns
when to be viewed as the global scales. As per the report it have clearly stated as around the 121 million
of the women have globally affected or experience the mental disorder primally as the post-natal
depression.

Cont..
• In the case of the new hams, the course of the postpartum depressions has the counting of the
suicidal account which is about the 20% of the postpartum morbidities. This have been masking the
second leading cause of the facilities among the postnatal women (Leahy-Warren, Newham,. and
Alderdice, 2018). The safety of the infants is not been spared as the 4% of women hare suffering
from the server depressions which is legally cause the harms of the deaths to their baizes.
• Newham will become the first borough in London to use livelihood, well-being and happiness as its
prime measure of economic success as part of an ambitious recovery strategy. women are
experiencing the sever and long-lasting level of depressions which is known as the postpartum
depressions which is rarely have the extreme level of mood disorder which may laws developed after
the child birth. Newham have their called up more the more money in to order to have the tackling
their avoidable health differences due to the major level of health inequalities which is affecting the
development of the state in perfect manner.

Interventions which developed to tackle one of the key
health problems and how it is presented by current
policy
• Before understanding interventions for postpartum depression it is important to understand
about the main problem in Newham regarding this. In this context it is found that in Newham,
around 28.9% women are delivering their babies via caesarean section. This rate is considered
higher than the set target which was 25%. From this data it can also be said that not enough
women are delivering their babies naturally by vaginal birth. There are several cases in which
women deliver babies before the actual term and it also causes postpartum depression in
women which lasts for long run. It is already stated that there are small portion of women who
are still smoking at the time of pregnancy as well as drinking alcohol.
• What institutions are doing: In this context it has being found that now all these problems
are being getting solved out by providing employment, educational, health care access
opportunities to people at this area.

Cont…
• Policies and drivers: Maternity services play an important role because it affects health of 2 people
at once, mother and baby. In teh regards to policies and drivers related to normal and healthy
pregnancy and no negative health problems after delivery, government is developing some effective
policies which is helping out nurses in preventing both mother and infant and also improving their
health. There is a resource pack containing framework whose main focus in on midwifery care
across intrapartum and immediate postpartum period. This helps in thinking more about increasing
and providing better maternal healthcare services to CGS. From the national maternity health
review it is found that it is now focusing on improving outcomes given on maternity services and
reducing postpartum depression rate (Children and Young People’s Joint Strategies Need
Assessment (Newham London), 2018). By making sure that all pregnant women are getting
appropriate services and have access to healthcare services, they are providing better treatment and
also focusing on improving culture for promoting continuous learning and innovation as well.

Cont…
• At the time of antenatal period women are being given information regarding CS because it affects their health and
around 1 out of 4 women are delivering babies through CS. In these information’ they tell about procedure, failure to
progress, complications if there are any and implications for future pregnancy. They also make sure that all
professionals have proper and detailed knowledge about all difficulties and impacts of delivery if they provide
information to women. They also make women aware and give information’s about of eating behaviours and Food
based advice.
• Interventions: It is stat4ed that women during pregnancy go through a wide range of emotional experiences and
tantrums which is common for all women but in some cases it leads depression in women. Of these lasts for more
than 2 weeks then it requires treatments and better interventions. One of the best interventions which are being given
to women in Newham is counselling and psychotherapy. It is also found that some psychological and psychiatric
problems are common in natal as well as antenatal period. Newham is counted in low to middles income of
countries and from the study it has been found that this postpartum depression problem is more in low to middle
incomes of countries than rich and wealthiest countries. In western societies, this postpartum depression is affecting
around 10-15 % of all women so, now clinics are focusing on providing special care to women and infant as well.

Cont..
• Effects of interventions and policies: It is important to evaluate effectiveness of policies and
strategies in order to know that if they are working or not. So, in this context after evaluation it
is found that healthy pregnancy rates in Newham is increasing which is decreasing rate of
postpartum depression in women. Some data are being collected from Newham University
hospital in knowing actual situation by comparing postpartum depression and other rates
before implementation of policies and after implementation of relevant policies. After
collecting data or information it is found that the % or rate of before term pregnancy or
delivery of babies before the actual date given to women is around 8.9% which is lower than
estimated rate so, from this rate it can be said that deliveries are happening natural and there is
no complications in it. Half of all women are having normal vaginal deliveries. But still there
is a rate of C section delivery and it is accounted for around 1 out of 4 women which still need
to be decreased (Stewart and Vigod, 2016).

Recommendations to stakeholders about
postpartum depression for improving
health of residents
• Stakeholders in this context involve all people who wants to improve health of women after delivery to baby such as:
nurses, professionals, government, family members and others. All these people want women to get healthy and fit
after giving birth to their babies. All these stakeholders play an important role in improving health of women as well
by providing different treatments, support information’s which women require in making decisions. So, it can be said
that by recommending some strategies and ways to all stakeholders rate of postpartum depression can be decreased
and improve overall health of infant and women. There are different recommendations for different stakeholders
which include:
• Government: Government plays an important roe because it is the one who develops and makes policies regarding
health and includes some rules and guidelines which help professionals in providing better health to women. So, it can
be recommended for more improvements that they need to build in Newham’s legacy for inclusion that have detailed
information’s about postpartum depression and complications if any women have in their pregnancy (Anokye and
et.al., 2018).