Well-being and Mental Health of NHS Staff Post-COVID: Oxford Hospital

This research report investigates the well-being and mental health of NHS staff, particularly at Oxford University Hospital, following the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores the causes of increased mental health issues, the effects of different work patterns like working from home, and the impact of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to the high number of daily deaths. The report also evaluates current strategies employed by the Oxford University Hospital Trust to support staff post-COVID wave. The research employs a literature review methodology, examining relevant articles to provide evidence and understanding of the challenges faced by healthcare professionals. Findings and discussions highlight the effects of working patterns on mental health, the impact of PTSD, and current support strategies. The report concludes with recommendations to improve the well-being and mental health support for NHS staff.

RESEARCH
REPORT

ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 Pandemic has put extreme stress on the healthcare professional because
they faces many challenges during the covid crisis. The staff members of the NHS have many
negative impact on their mental and physical health. Staff members of Oxford university hospital
faces many difficulties due to exhaustion, and trauma. The purpose of this project is to exploring
the well-being and mental health with in the NHS. This project also contains the causes of
increased level of mental health issues in the Oxford Hospital because working staff having long
term mental health issues. For exploring and understanding more the concept research article
were found which is relevant. The most relevant ones were selected for presenting a literature
review on those articles as an evidence for the better understanding. The discussion part of this
project contains the effects of working pattern on mental health, Impact of PSTD( post traumatic
stress disorder on Oxford University and Current strategies of the Oxford University Hospital
Trust staff to support the staff post the COVID wave.

Table of Content.
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................2
TITLE..............................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
RESEARCH AIM............................................................................................................................2
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................2
RESEARCH QUESTIONS.............................................................................................................2
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................2
1 .Causes of the increased levels of mental health issues of Oxford University Hospital Trust
Staff as a result of COVID-19.....................................................................................................2
2 Effects of different work patterns, particularly working from home on the well-being and
mental health of Oxford University Hospital Trust staff.............................................................4
3 .Impact of PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder on the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff
caused by the number of daily deaths during the COVID pandemic. ..................................5
4 Current strategies of the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff to support the staff post the
COVID wave...............................................................................................................................6
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY.....................................................................................................7
1 Search strategy..........................................................................................................................7
2 Databased used..........................................................................................................................7
3 Research choice........................................................................................................................8
4 Research philosophy.................................................................................................................8
5 Research method.......................................................................................................................8
FINDINGS ......................................................................................................................................9
DISCUSSION..................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

TITLE
“Exploring the well-being and mental health of staff in the NHS post COVID.”
INTRODUCTION
Covid-19 has affected all lives over the last year, virus spread rapidly and people had
trigger feeling of worries, depression and loneliness. These all factors effected the mental and
physical health of healthcare professional of NHS, due to the workload and exhaustion. The
worker had lot of pressure and fear of that virus because every time they were dealing with the
patient and also some patient had severe condition which can cause death. The mental health
issues was generated due to the depression,overthinking and fear of losing their ones in the
covid. Oxford university Hospital workers had more issues and they were not overcome with
their distress because every single day they were dealing with more virent patient condition.
NHS staff members had more mental health issues which includes elevated risk of stress, trauma,
depression and burnout. Healthcare professionals are exposed to multiple stress factors in
negative way within their work that may affect their physical, mental and emotional well-being.
Number of factors contributes to elevated stress and depression among the NHS workers lack of
safety, heavy workload and long shifts. During the Covid-19 crisis, work related stress may also
have the negative impact on the patient health while delivery the medical treatment. Chronic
workplace stress reduced the concentration and professional efficacy, feeling negativism and
depressed all time (Geldart and et .al., 2018). It is most important for the NHS to identify the
work related risk factors by which healthcare protects their well-being and mental health.
Burnout in healthcare workers have adverse impact on the healthcare organization, many
negative thoughts may contribute to causes the mental illness like post traumatic stress
disorder(PSTD), and many of the Oxford university Hospital staff decided to leave their
profession. The mental health issues after the Covid-19 crisis have negatively impact on the
mental health of the healthcare professional as well as the patient. Many healthcare provider
reported that they were suffered from the insomnia, faced quite risk of spreading virus have been
experiencing challenges in varying rapidly to modification in patient volume, mounting
demands, clinical roles, new technologies, and ways of working. This project covers the
increased levels of mental health issues of Oxford University Hospital Trust Staff during the
covid-19 pandemic, impact of different working pattern especially focused on work from home
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and impact of PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder. Lastly it also includes the Current strategies
of the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff which are proper usages of sanitization and many
more (arani, Trivedi and Thanki, 2021).
RESEARCH AIM
To analysis the impact of post COVID on well-being and mental health of the staff in the NHS.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
 To explore the causes of the increased levels of mental health issues of Oxford University
Hospital Trust Staff as a result of COVID-19.
 To identify the effects of different work patterns, particularly working from home on the
well-being and mental health of Oxford University Hospital Trust staff.
 To identify the impact of PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder on the Oxford University
Hospital Trust staff caused by the number of daily deaths during the COVID pandemic.
 To evaluate the current strategies of the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff to support
the staff post the COVID wave.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
 What are the causes of the increased levels of mental health issues of Oxford University
Hospital Trust Staff as a result of COVID-19?
 what are the effects of different work patterns, particularly working from home on the
well-being and mental health of Oxford University Hospital Trust staff?
 What are the impact of PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder on the Oxford University
Hospital Trust staff caused by the number of daily deaths during the COVID pandemic?
 what are the current strategies of the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff to support the
staff post the COVID wave?
LITERATURE REVIEW
1.Causes of the increased levels of mental health issues of Oxford University Hospital Trust
Staff as a result of COVID-19.
As per the view of Alan Abdalrahman, (2022), Covid-19 rate increasing rapidly among the
world, and there were various negative effects on mental health of healthcare professional due to
the heavy workload, exhaustion, depression and distressful. During the void crisis healthcare
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professional faced many difficulties in surviving their life because they deal with patient with
different situation. The trust staff of Oxford University Hospital reported that front-line
healthcare workers have faced horrific situation and there was number of death occurs on daily
basis, many frontline healthcare provider faced death due to spreading the virus among the staff
of NHS. According to the research, it is found that healthcare professional had faced more
difficulties during the covid crisis because they were full of heavy workload, frustration,
depression and stress. Number of factors which contributes to elevated stress, long shift at
hospital with covid patient, high pace and lack of psychological safety. The psychological
distress may lead to cause the depression, anxiety and sleeping disorder. These factors negativity
affect the mental health condition of the healthcare provider which was harmful for the patient
medical treatment. The threats to mental health runs deep with in the NHS organization and
affecting number of frontline workers and other healthcare provider. Over the last years, mental
health of healthcare professional is the major concern because due to the fear, anxiety and
depression many healthcare professional influences their physical, mental and emotion well-
being in a negative way. Many staff members of the NHS staff reported that healthcare workers
caused by various mental health issues which includes the insomnia, quite fear of spreading
virus, depression and PTSD ( post-traumatic stress disorder) these factors causes the long term
impact on the mental and physical health. Healthcare provider are exposed to face multiple
negative factors and most of the NHS staff decided to leave their professional due to the fear and
depression. Theses issue harm the healthcare system because staff members feeling depressed,
stressful and heavy workload of treating the patient in different way. The increased level of
mental health issues among the healthcare professional affect the healthcare system as well as
reduced the quality care of the patient. According to the research, it is found that shortfall of
million of healthcare workers from their professional and fear of losing their loved ones and
families. Countries at all level of socio-economic development faces variation in the workers
performance. Number of factors which contributes to elevated stress, long shift at hospital with
covid patient, high pace and lack of psychological safety. The psychological distress may lead to
cause the depression, anxiety and sleeping disorder.
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2Effects of different work patterns, particularly working from home on the well-being and
mental health of Oxford University Hospital Trust staff.
As per the view of Xiao (2020), During the coronavirus outbreak many health care
professional granted for work from home for their safety. In response to local and national
healthcare organization further support care provider to work remotely at home to stay safe.
Trust staff of Oxford University Hospital encourages their workers to work with flexibility by
which they were avoid communication with the other people. During the pandemic situations,
healthcare professional consult their patient on different platform which can helps in balancing
the work and life and also focused to take self care. Healthcare professional still worked with the
patient and physically involve in treating them, WFH has many benefits to healthcare
professionals because this can save the time of communicating with the other which can
increases the risk of spreading covid and more flexibility to take care of their families. WFH
gives more benefit to the trust staff because this can give more relaxation to their mental and
physical health which can keep them safe and healthy. Aditonally this action also has the
negative impact on the health of the individual as the are provider were not able to address the
patient physically. They was only able to listen the symptoms of the patient which is harmful for
the patient. The negative impact of work from home effected both healthcare professional as well
as the patient because workers had not any opportunity to socialize with the patient and other
care provider and also decreased their physical movement. Extended hours of screen exposure
due to working on the computers can lead to cause the fatigue, tiredness, headaches and eye-
related symptoms. Different working pattern can affect the working efficacy of the healthcare
professional because only they were can communicate their patient through online platform in
which they were unable to identify their diseases and provide them better treatment. Work from
home for the Oxford university hospital trust staff faced many problems after the covid crisis
ending. Healthcare professional was facing difficulties while communicating with their patient.
Pandemic has created new environment for work from home which have both positive and
negative impact on the healthcare professionals. According to the research, it is found that
physical, mental and social behaviour of individual healthcare professional changes due to the
changes occurs in their working environment. There are multiple factor which is responsible for
the changes but this action taken should beneficial for the healthcare professional because they
can save their life during the covid crisis. The action taken by the NHS during the covid is to
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save their lives of healthcare professionals. These action gives more benefit to the healthcare
providers because many front-line workers was died due to the high wave of coronavirus.
3.Impact of PTSD post-traumatic stress disorder on the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff
caused by the number of daily deaths during the COVID pandemic.
As per the view of Tomlin (2020),it has been seen that their were roughly a substituent
enhanced alteration in health care provider ill-health were found during the Covid pandemic.
Cause of the bad health in them were primarily the work-related stress they have felt during the
Covid. The rate of stress accelerated on the figure of 40% before or after Covid. Due to Covid-19
epidemic, has not only effect the physical health of the population but has also has shown the
counter effect on the mental health of the individuals. The starring mental health disruption was
seen on the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff provider as they were with the direct contact
of the infected patients and the consequences they have led due to virus spread in their body.
Their contact with the infected patients has also created the major fear in them about their
own self as their health was in risk to be get infected with the virus to. Due to this epidemic they
have to be away from the family so as to protect them from the condition which has encompass
into their personal loneliness which his the major reason of the mental illness in them. Covid has
majorly triggered the aloneness in the individuals due to social isolation they have to be
obligatory followed. Other than the workforce shortage their was accelerated pressure of the
working which has impacted the sleep cycle of the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff and
also the alteration is seen in the appetite or the nutritional diet. Health staff has also faced the
over psychological pressure due to the exposure with the infected environment, fewer cognition
about the consequences of the treatment in different patients and also the inadequate protected
resources available in the hospital for providing the better services to the patients.
Many Oxford University Hospital health care staff have yield the high level of anxiety
while interacting continuous with the patient has not only impacted their professional working
but also has deprived the quality of patient centric approach provided to the patient as their was
low concentration while treating the patients and motivation to understand the patient concern.
The impact of these trauma was significant sue to the increased workload they have faced,
negative or undiagnosed patient outcomes lead to massive death rates. Since, they were away
from the social support and also the low accessibility of the coping skills for the management of
the patient health lead the evolution of the flash back patient scenario. They have generated the
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feeling of guiltiness or blaming in them which is effecting their thought process and the
productivity to provide the care to the patients. This feeling has innovate the loss of interest in
living in the health care staff. It has also worsen their feeling of attachment with family or
friends. This trauma is exceedingly disturbing as it has develop the consequence in their quality
of living. Additionally, its impact is seen in the development of the dissatisfaction what service
they provide. And also the less of self worth also brought up the trouble in having the effective
communication with the patients.
This investigation is ethical as there is the need to analyse the factors which are leading to
the post traumatic disorder in the health care providers . They need to be invested so that to
provide the healthcare staff the effective care and support to cope up from the consequences the
are facing over to improve back their quality of living and delivery the effective care of the
patients. To provide the effective counselling sessions to the health care provider to safeguard as
their improved health is important.
4Current strategies of the Oxford University Hospital Trust staff to support the staff post the
COVID wave.
As per the review of the John (2021), Gross during the Covid cases, the Oxford
University Hospital Healthcare staff was aimed to protect the sustenance of the individual by
providing the the effective care. The care guidelines were provided by the national health
services was aimed to primarily safeguard the vulnerable population including children or old
age. The rapid increase in the Covid cases were seen as there were incineration the unhygienic or
careless practise due to the less availability of the resources present in the health care
organization to provide the better management care.
Their were the impose of the basic restriction in the hospital staff as to protect them from
further contamination of the Covid. This primarily includes incorporating the availability of
proper safety kits for the safeguarding the health of the health care provider by minimizing the
exposure of the virus or the harmful contamination. It includes the incorporating proper usage of
kits while wearing the shield mask to safeguard them from inadvertently touching of the eyes,
nose or the skin with the infected hand. Other than guidelines are provided to positively wear the
mask and the gloves while having the interaction with infected patients as it is the airborne
disorder. All were advice to either used the N95 mask or the triple layer medical mask to as to
safeguard them selves from the contamination. There were advancement done in the policy or
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the procedures of the Oxford University Hospital for healthcare staff safety so as to maintain the
trauma or the stress the have gone through due to the pandemic.
Additionally, the health care provider were guided to provide improved care to the
patients for the effective care which includes incorporating the sufficient bed capacity in the
hospital and the resources to maintain the condition, vulnerable population must be give the
primary focus and encourage the patient to administer the vaccines to be guard for the negative
impact of the disease. Oxford University Hospital has enforced the effective training sessions for
the nurses as to guide them for better care and management to the patients. Different programs
are organised by the organisation while maintaining the social distance so as to uplift back the
staff confidence and coordination in their skills. Supportive counselling sessions are designed for
the nurses so as to provide them the empathetic care and interpret the troubles they are facing
while providing the care to the patients. Providing the health care staff the effective rights while
providing the appreciation for the contribution they have done to safeguard the lives of the
population. Improved policies are formed while taking the feedbacks from the potential staff and
providing them the path to incorporate the changes made in their responsibilities towards the
patients.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1Search strategy
Search strategy is generally important to collect all the necessary information about the
provided research topic that is based on exploring the well-being and mental health of the care
staff in the NHS post COVID. In order to collect the specific information and its selection
mainly linked with the provided topic is based on various Journals and websites as well. In
addition to this, there are various web pages and the search engines that are available which
includes most reliable data within the articles. For doing the research, both PubMed and PMC is
selected as a base to gather the effective information relevant to the provided topic.
2Databased used
The database that is mainly used in various aspects such as for collecting the effective
information. To gather effective information regarding topic, there are various databased that are
linked with the provided topic and is well suitable for the selection of the data and collection as
well. While talking about database, PubMed central and PMC is mainly considered as a large
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platform that involve information regarding provided topic such as the well-being and mental
health of the care staff in the NHS post COVID. It can involve numerous articles that includes
relevant abstract, introduction with English as a basic language.
3Research choice
In context with research choices, there are the mixed choices which is generally taken
within the investigation. Within this, there are used quantitative and qualitative research methods
which can aid to effectively collect the data or information regarding the provided topic. In
addition to this, the qualitative data method generally deals words and characteristics with
involving non-numerical information. Whereas, quantitative research method generally deals
numerical and statistical values that provide calculations such as prevalence and many more.
Furthermore, there are the mixed approaches that is mainly based on both the aspects such as
qualitative and quantitative methods. Moreover, the method is specifically followed during the
investigation in order gather efficient information or data.
4Research philosophy
Research philosophy is generally a set of belief which can make effective consent of nature
of the reality that is being measured. It mainly involves two components such as Epistemology
and Ontology. Within the investigation, it can carry on with Epistemology as it is the scientific
study that can depict the effective information which is proved without having any doubt. In
context with Epistemology approach, the methods particularly try to insight the satisfactory
perceptions of the population that is pointing the fact which can impart over it. With help of the
approach, it can effectively provide adequate information about the well-being and mental health
within the care staff in the NHS post COVID.
5Research method
Research method is generally used in the investigation report can relay over both primary
and secondary information. The primary approach is mainly defined as collection of the effective
information for the first time within the interview and having face to face communication. In
addition to this, the secondary investigation mainly focusses over the earlier studies which is
already done. Furthermore, the review procedure is highly used to undertaken for the
interpretation of effective information about the provided topic more efficiently.
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FINDINGS
It has been found that coronavirus has many negative impact on the healthcare
professional because they was dealing with the different covid patient. Due to the heavy work
pressure, depression and stress, all these factors negatively impact the mental health of the
healthcare professional. Depression, anxiety and burnout can cause the mental illness because of
the workload and pressured generated on the healthcare professional. During the corona crisis
healthcare professional worked with more fear and pressure, long shift, high pace and different
working pattern. It is found that working in stressful environment for long term can cause the
anxiety and mental illness. NHS granted permission for work from action which is beneficial for
the healthcare professional safety and flexibility that they can focus on he health. The healthcare
professional also generated the major concern among the UK population. Burnout is a syndrome
in which healthcare professional exhaustion, increased mental illness and also reduced
professional efficacy (Mack, B.M., 2022). The impact of post traumatic stress disorder on the
trust staff members of the Oxford university Hospital is founded that they are facing flashbacks
of that times and depressed all the time because of the negative thoughts. There are various
negative impact on the healthcare professionals because the energy turns into the exhaustion, and
depression. The post-traumatic stress disorder generated in many healthcare professional and still
they are not overcome with their long term impact. Oxford University Hospital Trust staff
provides various strategies and methods to support the healthcare professional. By providing the
support and additional facilities for protecting the life of the healthcare professionals. Burnout in
healthcare workers can also have harmful impacts on patient care. Current strategies of NHS
health care organization is to providing the guidelines which includes proper sanitization, hand
wash (Mayer and et. al., 2022). The current methods are developed in the hospital by which they
can overcome and reduce the risk of virus. The healthcare professional should have to use the
PPE kits, gloves, covering mouth while coughing, and using the mask. Avoid communicating
with the other peoples.
DISCUSSION
According to the scenario, it has been seen that their were alteration in magnitude of
pressure seen in the Oxford University Hospital for healthcare staff due to the impact of the
Covid cases worldwide (Higgins and et. al., 2021). In response to the Covid consequences it was
seen that their were respondent seen in the mental or physical health of the provider too. Their
9

were accelerated mental health due to the increase workload by the front-line workers as their
were staff who has left their position as the fear to risk the individual and family life. This
unemployment is also the biggest reason of stress and depression in population. Health care staff
were in stress as the were in fear to spread the virus to the family, that's why the have made the
starting live away fro the family. Factors which have contributes for the emerging risk of the post
traumatic stress in the health care staff are lack of physical support, psychological safety of the
individuals, long shifts due to emerging requirements and also the insecurity of family health
condition or food resource.
The impact of these post traumatic stress has seen in deprived quality of care to the
patients or the over exhaustion feeling. This all have accelerated the decline in the professional
productiveness or the capabilities. This has lead to the feeling of the increased dissatisfaction for
the work- life as they were unable to safeguard the life of the patients which has begin the feeling
of guilt in them. This guilt has imposed the counter impact on some individuals which were
having the sleepless night as they were having the flashbacks of the patients condition which has
deprived their appetite too. This ill health has in some cases lead to weak concentration or it can
be said that wee motor concentration by the health care providers lead to misfortune and resulted
in lack of patient satisfactions. Its impact has also been seen in the low health care organisation
commitments to its potential patients.
This report has also carry through different work patterns provided by the Oxford
university hospital to prevent the health staff from the mental illness or protect their well-being .
Fir it they imposes the work from where the providers the care to the patient without having the
physical contact with them and having the effective communication with no risk of spread in
them. It has been helpful as it provided the needful care to the patients nut it also has the
destructive impact as their were no physical contact so physicians cant examine the condition
while observance. The care was provided for the symptoms provided by the patients to the health
staff. To overcome it the modification were done by the Oxford university policies to provide
the better supportive care to the patient and also the management strategies used to safeguard the
nurses health condition (Prentice, Quach and Thaichon, 2022).
CONCLUSION
From the above research report it has been concluded the impact of the Covid 19
consequences in the mental health of the National health service staff. The aim behind the
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research report is to find the impact seen in the Oxford university staff after the pandemic. Cause
of the ill health of the staff were due to increased workload during the Covid situation, unaware
knowledge for the care to patients and also the alteration occur due to staff lifestyle during the
Covid. To overcome it alteration in the practises were made by the organisation which includes
the implementation of the work form hoe for the potential staff so as to safeguard their health
and to provide the effective online supportive care to the patients without having the physical
contact with them. It primarily includes providing the awareness to the population about the
maintain the social distance and incorporating the vaccines from safeguarding the negative
consequence of the virus.
RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recommended to:
 Improve the nursing teaching plan so as to provide them the guidance for the accurate
care to the patient according to individual patient demand. They should alter the task
oriented practise into the patient oriented practise so as to provide the modify satisfaction
to the patients (Armitage and Nellums,2020).
 They should focus more towards the having the effective communication with the
patients which are develop by having the trust relationship. University should incorporate
the effective training sessions for the nurse so as to advance their quality care approach to
the patients. They are need to be provided with the effective appreciation either be the
voluntary or non-voluntary as to encourage their productiveness.
 Increases in the number of trained staff in the hospital as to reduce their workload and
providing them efficient break time between their shifts to relax their mind and recover
from the cognitive power back
 Implement the effective counselling sessions in the different intervals for the health care
staff as to manage their over stress or the outburst while delivering the care. Also
incorporating the effective rich diet while having the plenty of water to accelerate their
self care more. This includes having the effective conversation of the stress they are
carrying through so as get the improved productiveness while giving the care to the
patients.
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 Ask them to be carry out he meditation or the yoga daily for the some duration as it
promotes the deep state of relaxation of mind and also modulate the effective hormonal
discharge.
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