Risk Management Analysis of Notting Hill Carnival (Tourism Module)

This report analyzes the risk management strategies employed at the Notting Hill Carnival from the perspective of an event organizer. The research aims to understand risk management from the police's viewpoint, identify the attractive features of the carnival while addressing increased crime rates, and determine measures to minimize various risks. The report includes a literature review exploring risk management concepts, the role of security, and the challenges associated with large-scale events. The methodology involves a questionnaire to gather data, followed by analysis and recommendations. The findings highlight the importance of proactive risk assessment, emergency planning, and collaboration between organizers, police, and other stakeholders to ensure a safe and successful event. The report emphasizes the need to balance the carnival's appeal with effective safety measures, including crowd management, alcohol control, and emergency response protocols. The conclusion emphasizes the benefits of comprehensive risk management for both the event's success and the safety of its attendees.

Tourism and Hospitality
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Table of Contents
Title – Analysing Risk Management of Notting Hill Carnival from an organiser point of view....3
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Research Aim.........................................................................................................................3
Research Objectives...............................................................................................................4
Research Questions................................................................................................................4
Purpose of Research...............................................................................................................4
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................5
Research Methodology....................................................................................................................7
Recommendations..........................................................................................................................19
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................22
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Title – Analysing Risk Management of Notting Hill Carnival from an
organiser point of view.
INTRODUCTION
Tourism industry comprises of various sectors like travel, food and beverage,
transportation, accommodation etc. Hospitality industry, on the other hand, is also among the
fastest growing industries across the world. The industry has emerged as a huge success over the
last few years and refers to a wide range of businesses and services linked together to ensure
customer satisfaction (Bushell and Bricker, 2017). The industry is mainly focussed on providing
customers lasting and memorable experiences. It offers necessary services like food, leisure etc.
to travellers to satisfy their needs. Both tourism as well as hospitality industry work in close
coordination with each other to gain the loyalty of customers as well as satisfy their needs in an
effective manner. Although tourism and hospitality industries are similar, there are some
differences between them. For example – the hospitality industry does not necessarily only cater
to the needs of tourists, it can also include providing services to local people. On the other hand,
the tourism industry is more concerned about satisfying the needs of people who have travelled
from one destination to another.
The function chosen for this research is Notting Hill Carnival, which is an annual event
held each year in London. The event has been taking place every year since 1966 with the main
aim of ensuring its success continuously and to producing a safe and brilliant event (Chhetri and
et. al., 2017). Notting Hill Carnival is one of the largest street festivals of the world and attracts
nearly half a million people from all over the world every year. It takes place in August for two
complete days and is led by the members of the British West Indian Community. The main aim
behind conducting this research is to analyse risk management of the carnival from the point of
view of an organiser.
MAIN BODY
Research Aim
“To Analyse Risk Management of Notting Hill Carnival from an organiser point of
view.”
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Research Objectives
 To analyse the concept of risk management from police's point of view.
 To determine attractive features of Notting Hill Carnival without ignoring increased
crime rate.
 To understand the measures that can be taken for minimizing various risks.
Research Questions
 What is the concept of risk management from police's point of view?
 How can attractive features of Notting Hill Carnival be determined without ignoring
increased crime rate?
 What are the measures that can be taken for minimizing various risks?
Purpose of Research
The primary purpose of carrying out this research is to analyse the risk management of
Notting Hill Carnival from the point of view of an organiser. The event is held each year in
London during the month of August. It attracts people from all across the world in huge numbers
and is regarded as one of the largest street festivals of the world (Medrado and Jackson, 2016)
d. By conducting this research, the researcher will get to analyse the concept of risk management
from the point of view of police. Risk Management can be defined as the practise of identifying
various risks well in advance and analysing them in order to reduce their impact. The process of
risk management is important because if potential risks are not taken into consideration, they can
affect the overall performance as well as productivity of an organisation or a carnival. The main
benefit of carrying out this research is that it will help in fostering knowledge of the research
about the subject of risk management and facilitate learning at the same time.
The research will also act as a means to develop understanding about the attractiveness of
the respective carnival without even ignoring the crime rate. It will also be helpful in finding
effective solutions to the problem as well as seize different opportunities. A research is not just
required by a student and academics, but can also be used by professionals (Mura and Sharif,
2017). The respective research also helps in identifying the various measures that can be taken in
order to minimise the risks that are associated with the same. The various attractive features of
the Notting Hill Carnival can be determined without ignoring the crime rates as doing so will
affect the overall success of the carnival. This can further lead to less people being interested in
being a part of the same.
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The planned outcome of the research is a better understanding of the concept of risk
management and the various measures that can be taken in order to avoid the same. The
researcher will be able to gather relevant and effective data with the help of a questionnaire,
analyse the same and then reach effective and accurate conclusion (Okumus and et. al., 2019).
This will help in conducting a research that is effective and provides accurate results. Also, since
a questionnaire is being used, there are less chances of wrong or inappropriate data being getting
collected. This is because the respondents will answer what they think is true according to them.
The main purpose behind carrying this research is that the data which is analysed and presented
facilitates some kind of learning and enhances knowledge of the reader as well as the researcher.
Questionnaire has been used to collect data from the respondents. Once the data is
collected and reviewed, it is then analysed and finally presented to the readers. Readers can then
understand the reason behind the research and gain knowledge about a particular subject as well
as enhance their overall learning about the same. In this research, various topic like risk
management, various measures to handle the same etc. have been covered in context to Notting
Hill Carnival, which is held every year in London and a large number of people attend the same
from different parts of the world. The concept of risk management has been explained from the
point of view of police and other security professionals who are in charge of managing the risk
during the event.
Literature Review
The process of risk management is basically associated with identification of the various
potential risks that can impact the overall performance of an organisation, function etc. If risks
are not handled effectively, they can affect the process of decision making as well. Whenever a
function/event like Notting Hill Carnival takes place, the security which includes the police have
the responsibility of managing the risks that may come associated with it (Rijal and Ghimire,
2016). The carnival is held every year and attracts a lot of people from different parts of the
world. This means that there are several risks that will come associated with the same. Since the
major responsibility of the police and other security professionals is to safeguard people, they
will put in their best efforts to fulfil their jobs. From the police’s point of view, when a large-
scale event takes place, it is important that any risks or hazards should be identified and analysed
in order to understand their impact. Once the risk as well as the kind of influence it can have on
the performance of the event is identified, various measures of control can be taken to reduce or
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eliminate the same. The risks can also be associated with finance as well as other costs. Lastly,
the police professionals will have to review and administer the same so that harmful or adverse
effects can be eliminated.
Also, the crime rates have been increasing world wide and thus it is important to not
ignore the same during a large-scale event. Notting Hill Carnival has several features that attract
people from all corners of the world. Notting Hill Carnival is an event that celebrates the rich,
varied and multicultural present as well as past of London. There are a lot of fun activities for
people of every age group and the main attractions of the carnival include a family-friendly event
which is an official start of the event (Scott and et. al., 2019). There are several bands who come
to perform during the event. A children’s parade is also held during the event so as to ensure that
no one gets bored during its course. Amidst of everyone enjoying the carnival, there are chance
of crimes being occurred. Thus, they should not be ignored and effective measures should be
taken to overcome the same.
There are several measures that can be taken in order to ensure the safety of people as
well as avoid certain risks. A risk alert service can be designed that will provide information
about the risks that can be associate with the carnival or the people. It can also relate itself with
the poor management or seating arrangement during the carnival. These various risks can only be
minimised if an effective approach is taken in order to ensure that the complete festival is carried
out effectively without any problems. It must be ensured that the alcohol that is served during the
event is not overconsumed by people. Also, the seating arrangement should be analysed so that
during the event it does not become difficult for the police as well as the management to oversee
the same. There should also be a provision for fire safety during the event as this is one of the
major risks that can impact the complete event adversely.
Besides this, an emergency plan should also be made so that during the time of an
emergency, the plan can immediately be referred to (Tsaur, Hsu and Lin, 2019). Some points that
can be included in the alarm are- informing the people, fire alarm, evacuation plan, ways to
manage the crowd, providing first aid to the people etc. An emergency plan explains the various
procedures that can be used in order to handle situations that arise all of a sudden or are
unexpected (10 Essential Tips to Reduce Event Risk, 2020). Also, crisis for any organisation can
come at any time as well as in any size. Therefore, for this advanced planning is the major
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solution. Similarly, if the organisers of the event will have analysed the situations and are well
prepared to handle the same, thy will find it less difficult to address and overcome the same
(Xiang and et. al., 2017). Thus, Notting Hill Carnival can prepare team which comprises of
people who are exerts in communication, security, public relations, handling crisis etc.
Also, all activities and approaches of the carnival should have an integrated approach of
risk management that identifies all the risks related with the organisation and addresses the same
whenever there is a need. It will also facilitate a better understanding of the different risks that
can come up during the carnival. Climate can also act as a risk and can hamper the overall
success of the event, thus safety measures relating to the weather should also be taken into
account. All of this should be discussed beforehand so that further consequences can be avoided.
Therefore, it is not only important to identify various risks, but also equally important that safety
measures are taken so that such risks can be avoided and addressed.
There will be both personal as well as academic benefits of the research as the researcher
will get to learn a new concept and its application, while the reader will get to know about what
are the risks that are associated with a large event and what measures can be taken in order to
reduce them (Westcott and Bird, 2016). Not only this, the police as well as other security
professionals play an important role in making sure that all participants within the event are safe
and that it is carried out successfully. To do this, they opt for various measures that can help in
reducing the impact or avoiding the same. If this is not done, the event will not be able to be
carried out successfully and this may suffer a loss. This can further lead to a decline in the
number of people wanting to attend and be a part of the carnival.
Research Methodology
Research methodology can be described as an effective procedure that will help in
collecting and gathering data about the research topic (Mackey and Gass, 2015). This is a very
helpful technique and process that will lead to identify, analyse, process the information about
research topic. Research methodology is very supportive in evaluating and analysing the validity
as well as reliability of the information. Research methodology includes different approaches,
methods of data collection, sampling methods as well as sample size.
Research approaches – This refers to the plan or concept that can be used by researcher
to collecting and analysing data. research approaches are very useful in taking better decision
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about the research as well as provide information data to take right steps. There are different
types of research approaches such as qualitative and quantitative.
 Qualitative research – This research approach is very important in order to analyse and
evaluate information and data about the research. Qualitative research will lead to obtain
data through open ended sources. This is very effective way of collecting information
with in depth detail about the topic. This includes different ways of collecting and
analysing information such as one on one interview, case study, focus group and so on.
These sources are helpful in gaining understanding about the topic in detail. Quantitative research – This is considered as more systematic way of investigation. In
quantitative research approach more statistical, mathematical as well as computational
information is collected. Researcher using this approach will be able to represent
information and data in numerical numbers (Flick, 2015). There are various ways
through which researcher can get quantitative research method such as survey research,
correlational research as well as experimental. Research needs to use this method in order
to collect and gather more informative data which can be shown in statically or number
form.
Data collection method – There are different method of collecting and gathering information. It
is important for researcher to collect correct and accurate information that will lead to provide
correct information for conducting this research project. The major methods of data collection
are primary method and secondary method.
 Primary method – This refers to the method of collecting first-hand information and
data. in this method research will collect more accurate and appropriate information about
the topic by collecting direct information. This method will lead to provide direct and in-
depth information about the research topic. There are various sources that will help in
collecting primary data such as interview, questionnaire, focus group, observation,
experiment and so on. This is an effective method for collecting more accurate and
appropriate information about the topic. The major disadvantage of primary method is that
it is very cost and time-consuming way of collecting information.
 Secondary method - This can be described as the method of collecting information and
data that is already collected or used by any other researcher (Bresler and Stake, 2017).
Secondary sources of data collection are lead to provide those information that is already
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collected or used by primary researcher. There are different ways of collecting information
through secondary method such as online data, books and journals, business papers,
government documents and many more. There are several pros of collecting information
through secondary sources such as it is easily available and less time-consuming method.
This method is cost effective for researcher.
Sampling method – Sampling can be describe as the technique or process for taking sample in
order to collect data for research. Sampling methods refer as the method for researcher so that
they can select population for studying. There are different types of sampling methods that will
support in identifying and determining right and appropriate method. Various kinds of sampling
method are simple random sampling, systematic random sampling, Cluster sampling and many
more. Different sampling methods are mention below in detail.
Simple random sampling – In this sampling method , individual are chosen for random
basis and each and every individual have equal chance of getting selected. This is considered
as the simplest way of collecting information and data about the research topic. In this all
participants have equal chances and probability of selection which make this method more
straight forward.
Convenience sampling method - This is the non-probability sampling method and this
participant are selection of the basis of their own willingness (Mohajan, 2018). Convenience
method of sampling is one of the easiest method as in this individual take participate on their
will or on volunteer biases. In this all individual have right to participate in sampling or not.
Systematic random sampling – In this sampling method all individual and participants are
selected on the basis of regular intervals through the sampling frame. The intervals of this
sampling method are developed to ensure the adequate sample size. This sampling method is
considered as probabilistic sampling method.
Sample size – Sample size refer as the selecting number of individuals that will represent the
whole population. In this research sample size is selected for 30 people that will help in
collecting and gather data about the research. For this research both primary and secondary
methods of data collection are used. Primary method is used for collecting information through
questionnaire survey and for secondary method different sources are used such as online data,
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books and journals and many more. Simple random sampling method is used in order to collect
the sample population for this research.
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Phone Number:
E Mail ID:
Q1. Are you aware of Risk management concept?
 Yes
 No
Q2. Is risk management analysis is essential, before organizing carnival?
 Yes
 No
Q3. Did risk management is necessary for the view point of police?
 Yes
 No
Q4. What are the benefits gains by police by conducting risk management?
 Increase safety of police officer and citizens
 Enhance quality of police service
 Help in financial management
 All of the above
Q5. What are the disadvantaged of risk management for police?
 Complex process of calculation
 Unmanaged losses
 Difficult to implement
 All of the above
Q6. What are the attractive features of Notting Hill Carnival?
 Second largest street carnival around the world
 More than 2.5 million people visit at carnival
 Related to Caribbean heritage, arts and culture
 All of the above
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Q7. What measures can be taken by police for minimizing risk at Notting Hill Carnival?
 Stop and ask for search
 Carnival officer and crew undergo with special safety training
 Arrange all medical safety measures
 All of the above
Q8. Measures need to consider while organizing Notting Hill Carnival?
 Ratio of gathering
 Safety and security of Audiences
 Financial and other resource
 All of the above
Q9. Key principle essential to be considered by organizer of Notting Hill Carnival
 Health and safety risk
 Environment risk
 Financial risk
 All of the above
Q10. Any suggestion for the further improvement ………………………..……………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………… .
Q1. Are you aware of Risk management concept? Frequency
 Yes 18
 No 12
Q2. Is risk management analysis is essential, before organizing
carnival?
Frequency
 Yes 16
 No 14
Q3. Did risk management is necessary for the view point of police? Frequency
 Yes 20
 No 10
Q4. What are the benefits gains by police by conducting risk
management?
Frequency
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Increase safety of police officer and citizens 10
Enhance quality of police service 6
Help in financial management 5
All of the above 9
Q5. What are the disadvantaged of risk management for police? Frequency
Complex process of calculation 9
Unmanaged losses 6
Difficult to implement 5
All of the above 10
Q6. What are the attractive features of Notting Hill Carnival? Frequency
Second largest street carnival around the world 8
More than 2.5 million people visit at carnival 7
Related to Caribbean heritage, arts and culture 6
All of the above 9
Q7. What measures can be taken by police for minimizing risk at
Notting Hill Carnival?
Frequency
Stop and ask for search 9
Carnival officer and crew undergo with special safety training 6
Arrange all medical safety measures 5
All of the above 10
Q8. Measures need to consider while organizing Notting Hill
Carnival?
Frequency
Ratio of gathering 10
Safety and security of Audiences 5
Financial and other resource 6
All of the above 9
Q9. Key principle essential to be considered by organizer of
Notting Hill Carnival
Frequency
Health and safety risk 8
Environment risk 6
Financial risk 6
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All of the above 10
Theme 1: Risk management concept
Q1. Are you aware of Risk management concept? Frequency
 Yes 18
 No 12
Interpretation- According to data collected from 30 respondents, 18 are aware with the concept
of risk management whereas left over 12 are not know anything about the respective topic.
Theme 2: Risk management analysis is essential for carnival
Q2. Is risk management analysis is essential, before organizing
carnival?
Frequency
 Yes 16
 No 14
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Interpretation- Researcher of respective research gathered information from 30 respondents
from which 16 are in favor that risk management is essential before organizing any type of
carnival. On the other hand left over 14 are not in favor of this they think it is useless.
Theme 3: Is risk management is necessary for police
Q3. Did risk management is necessary for the view point of police? Frequency
 Yes 20
 No 10
Interpretation- In respect of information gathered by researcher from 30 respondents, 20 think
that for police risk management strategies or practices are essential because through that they
able to perform their duties properly. Whereas according to 10 respondents it is not much
effective for police.
Theme 4: Benefits gain by police through risk management
Q4. What are the benefits gains by police by conducting risk Frequency
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management?
Increase safety of police officer and citizens 10
Enhance quality of police service 6
Help in financial management 5
All of the above 9
Interpretation- By conducting risk management, police able to gain number of benefits such as
according to 10 they increase safety of police officer and citizen as well as in respect of 6 it help
in enhancing quality of police service. Moreover, according to 5 respondents it helps in financial
management whereas in respect of 9 these all benefits can be gain by police.
Theme 5: Disadvantage of risk management for police
Q5. What are the disadvantaged of risk management for police? Frequency
Complex process of calculation 9
Unmanaged losses 6
Difficult to implement 5
All of the above 10
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Interpretation- There are several disadvantages gain by police by implementing risk
management such as 9 say its calculation is complex and in respect of 6 it will lead to
unmanaged losses. On the other hand in respect of 5 respondents it leads to difficulties in
implementation whereas according to 10 all these disadvantages are faced by police.
Theme 6: Attractive features of Notting Hill Carnival
Q6. What are the attractive features of Notting Hill Carnival? Frequency
Second largest street carnival around the world 8
More than 2.5 million people visit at carnival 7
Related to Caribbean heritage, arts and culture 6
All of the above 9
Interpretation- According to different respondents Notting Hill Carnival have different
attractive features such as according to 8, 7 and 6 respondents it is 2nd largest street festival,
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collect huge gathering and it is related to music, art and culture respectively. Moreover, 9 say it
is related to all these factors.
Theme 7: Measures taken by police for minimizing risk at carnival
Q7. What measures can be taken by police for minimizing risk at
Notting Hill Carnival?
Frequency
Stop and ask for search 9
Carnival officer and crew undergo with special safety training 6
Arrange all medical safety measures 5
All of the above 10
Interpretation- According to 9 respondents in order to take measure for minimizing risk police
can stop and ask for search whereas 6 think officer must undergo with special training and
according to 5 they must arrange medical safety. Moreover in respect of 10 these all measure
must be taken by police.
Theme 8: Measures considered while organizing Notting Hill Carnival
Q8. Measures need to consider while organizing Notting Hill
Carnival?
Frequency
Ratio of gathering 10
Safety and security of Audiences 5
Financial and other resource 6
All of the above 9
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Interpretation- There are several measures need to considered while organizing event at Notting
Hill such as according to 10 gathering ratio must be evaluated as well as according to 5 they can
take safety and security measure. Whereas in respect of 6 they must considered financial and
other resource and according to left over 9 they need to consider all these aspects.
Theme 9: Key principle need to consider by organizer of carnival
Q9. Key principle essential to be considered by organizer of
Notting Hill Carnival
Frequency
Health and safety risk 8
Environment risk 6
Financial risk 6
All of the above 10
Interpretation- There are several principle need to be considered by organized, 8 say they
consider health and safety risk, 6 think to determine environmental risk whereas according to 6
financial risk is essential. But according to 10 all these factors need to be considered.
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Recommendations
After conducting the above research, the police as well as other security staff of the
Notting Hill Carnival is recommended to carry out a research and identify the various risks that
may come along with the event. Also, once the various risks are identified, they should be
analysed in order to get an understanding of the impact they can have upon the same. For this,
the concept of risk management should be clear among the professionals. Also, since the main
responsibility of the police is to ensure the safety of people who attend the carnival, they should
adopt various measures to avoid or minimise the impact of the same on the event. This will
ensure that the event is carried out smoothly and that it is a great success among the people.
Also, to be a complete hit, the organisers of the carnival should also analyse the performance of
various other events that happen in other parts of the world during the same time. This will help
it in identifying gaps and also developing effective plans that can be executed to make sure that
the theme as well as participants of the event are up-to-date with all the latest happenings across
the world and thus maintain its position of being counted among the world’s largest street
festivals.
REFELECTION
While conducting this research report I have analysed various elements about hospitality and
tourism sector. All of the information and knowledge that is collected through this research will
be very supportive in enhancing professional career. I have analysed that hospitality and tourism
is a very vast sector which includes various components and elements. This will lead to have
impact on performance as well as productivity of business. I have determine that there are
several factors that affect business as well as operations. So it is essential for organisation to
develop and create effective strategies that will lead to growth and development on business. In
order to conduct business activities in better manner I have used different sources or method for
collection information. These sources of information are very supportive in conducting different
activities of research report in correct manner. Collected information is helpful in taking better
decision for successful completion of this project. While performing this research report I have
faced various issues and problems. These issues affect the whole research process as well as
functioning of different activities. The major problem or issues that occur is related to finance as
well as communication skills. There is lack of funds provided in order to effectively and
efficiently conduct research activities as well as achieve set goals. Through this project I have
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analysed that my communication skills are not strong. These are the major barriers that will
lead to have negative impact on research as well as its task. I was not able to communicate
properly for collecting information and data about the research project. While conducting this
research I have determined that my time management skills are very strong and this is helpful in
completion of all task in set time frame. For resolving the issues of this research I have taken
help form my senior person. They have provided my complete guidance and direction so that all
task of this research can be conducted smoothly.
Alternative research method
In this research, project manager adopt questionnaire method for gathering authenticate
and reliable data. But while collecting data they go through some of the main issues such as
audiences not respond properly, time duration is less, expensive in nature and many more. So in
order to avoid these issues in future project manager may adopt interview method because it is
less expensive. Along with this, interview can be conducted according to the allotted time as well
as through it researcher can gather more authenticate information and data. Moreover, through
interview method researcher also able to understand audience’s reaction on the specific topic.
CONCLUSION
From the above research, it can be concluded that tourism and hospitality industries are
among the fastest growing industries across the world. Also, risk management is an important
concept that should be kept in mind whenever a large-scale event takes place wherein there are a
lot of people participating in the same. All events have various attractions that act as the USP of
an event. In order to keep them as the main attraction of the event, the organisers of the event
should not ignore crime rates that are taking place in different parts of the world. Also, since the
event stated in the research is a large-scale event that attracts a lot of people, it becomes even
more important for the police as well as other security professionals to have a complete
understanding of the different measures that can be adopted in order to avoid or overcome these
risks. Such measures can include developing an emergency plan, setting a fire alar etc. Also, the
police should always be alert to address any emergency situation, in case if turns up. Lastly, such
events should also have an onsite emergency response which can help in addressing such
situations effectively.
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10 Essential Tips to Reduce Event Risk. 2020. [Online]. Available through:<
https://www.eventsforce.com/blog/10-essential-tips-to-reduce-event-risk-2/>.
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