Numeracy and Data Analysis Report

This report on Numeracy and Data Analysis covers various techniques for arranging, analyzing, and forecasting data. It includes methods such as mean, mode, median, and standard deviation, along with visual representations like charts. The report emphasizes the importance of data in decision-making and provides practical applications of statistical methods in real-life scenarios.

Numeracy and Data
Analysis

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY.................................................................................................................................................3
1. Arranging data into table format:.........................................................................................................3
2. Present above data using charts:..........................................................................................................4
3. Computation and highlight final value.................................................................................................5
4. Use of linear forecasting model i.e. y = mx + c to compute and make discussion on followings:.......7
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Data can be found in a variety of places, from spreadsheets, the distribution funnel, social
networking sites, customer loyalty polls, and service quality passes. It's developed at breakneck
rates in our new information society, and so when properly studied, it can be a corporation's most
valued asset (Grotlüschen and et.al, 2019). Companies may use data analytics to enhance
particular facets of their goods and services, and also their general brand awareness satisfaction.
Numeracy provides an understanding, capabilities, emotions, and resources required to use
arithmetic in a multitude of environments and possibilities. This report based on the total
expenses of 10 months to understand the concept of numeracy and data analysis. In this report
consist of various arithmetic methods to analysis data and calculate at different stages.
MAIN BODY
1. Arranging data into table format:
Following table contains data of no. of phone calls made during 10 consecutive months, as
follows:
Month Total expenses (per month)
1st 5000
2nd 4000
3rd 9000
4th 10000
5th 5000
6th 3600
7th 2500
8th 5000
9th 4000

10th 5500
2. Present above data using charts:
Column chart: The sequence number in column charts may not be all that high and they
are used to show graphical characteristics of a set (Since there are different numbers, the axis
labeling can seem unfinished.). The visual system is responsive to height variations, so the
column chart needs to take advantage of the column's height to represent the difference between
the results. It's only good for smallish sets of data, which is a drawback (Yamashita and et.al,
2020).
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
5000
4000
9000
10000
5000
3600
2500
5000
4000
5500
Total expenses (per month)
Total expenses (per
month)
Line chart: A line map is a visual representation of difference in the value over a constant time
frame or time period. It is defined by a proclivity to represent items as they evolve over time or
in divisions.

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
5000
4000
9000
10000
5000
3600
2500
5000
4000
5500
Total expenses (per month)
Total expenses (per
month)
3. Computation and highlight final value
Mean: The statistical average measured over a series of two or maybe more variables is
referred to as the mean. There have been two main methods for calculating it: arithmetic mean,
which involves adding all the percentages together rather than dividing by the total number of
products, and geometric mean, which involves multiplying the percentages together rather than
taking the Nth root and subtracting it by one (Klein and et.al, 2019).
Month
Total expenses
(per month)
1st 5000
2nd 4000
3rd 9000
4th 10000
5th 5000
6th 3600
7th 2500
8th 5000
9th 4000
10th 5500
∑x = Sum
of all the 53600

phone
calls
Mean =
∑x / n =
53600 /
10 = 5360
Mode: The mode is the number in set of data that appears the most often. The largest bar
in a bar graph is the mode. An integrative representation exists where data has several attributes
that have been associated for the most common occurrence. The data does not have a function
since any meaning repeated. This reflects value with highest frequency which in case of our
selected data is 5000 (highest three times repetition).
Median: The median is the value in the centre. It's the number that divides the data in
half. To calculate the average, sort the information from lowest to highest, then look for the piece
of data with the same distribution of elements beyond then below. Based on if the sample has an
even or odd range of values, the procedure for finding the median differ significantly.
In case of even number: [n/2th + (n/2 + 1)th value] / 2
In case of odd number: n/2 + 1th value
As here, selected data is of even number i.e. 10 days. Thus Median would be = [(10/2) + (10/2
+1)value] / 2 = (5th value + 6th value )/2 = (5000 + 3600)/2 = 4300
Standard deviation: The standard deviation is a metric that determines how dispersed a
dataset is in comparison to its average value. The original number of the difference is another
name for it. It's calculated as the square root of the variation by calculating the difference around
every data point and the mean. There is a greater variance inside the information source where
the variables vary from the mean (Cheung, Dulay and McBride, 2020).
Month
Total expenses
(per month)
X-
Mean (X-mean)2
1st 5000 -360 129600
2nd 4000 -1360 1849600
3rd 9000 3640 13249600
4th 10000 4640 21529600

5th 5000 -360 129600
6th 3600 -1760 3097600
7th 2500 -2860 8179600
8th 5000 -360 129600
9th 4000 -1360 1849600
10th 5500 140 19600
∑x = Sum
of all the
phone
calls 53600 50164000
Variance
=
∑(x-mean)2 / n
= 50164000 /
10 = 5016400
Standard
Deviation
=
√∑(x-mean)2 /
n = √5016400
= 2239.73
Range: The range formula is a calculation that is used to distinguish the ratio between the
average values of a range, and it is calculated by subtracting the lower limit from the optimum
amount in order to decide the wide variety.
Maximum Range = Highest Value i.e. 10000
Minimum Range = Smallest Value i.e. 2500
Range = Maximum Range Value less Minimum Range Value = 10000 – 2500 = 7500
4. Use of linear forecasting model i.e. y = mx + c to compute and make discussion on followings:
Calculation of M
Day
Total
expense
s (per
month) X2 ∑xy
1 5000 1 5000
2 4000 4 16000
3 9000 9 81000
4 10000 16 160000
5 5000 25 125000

6 3600 36 129600
7 2500 49 122500
8 5000 64 320000
9 4000 81 324000
10 5500 100 550000
∑x
=
55
∑y=
53600
∑x
2 =
385
∑xy=183310
0
m = N∑xy- ∑x∑y / N∑ X2 - (∑x)2
= 10*1833100 – 55*53600 / 10*385 – (55)2
= 18331000 – 29480000 / 3850 – 3025
= -1106900 / 825
= − 1341.69
Calculation of C
c = [(∑y / n)-m (∑x/n)]
= [(238 /10) - (-0.4485) (55/10)]
= 23.8 + 2.47
= 26.27
Forecasting of number of expenses
 At 12th day:
y= m x+ c
= − 0.4485 *12 + 26.27
= - 5.382 + 26.27

= 20.888 or around 21 expenses on 12th day
 At 14th day:
y= m x+ c
= − 0.4485 *14 + 26.27
= - 6.279 + 26.27
= 19.991 or around 20 expenses on 14th day.

REFERENCES
Books and Journal
Grotlüschen, A. and et.al, 2019. Vulnerable subgroups and numeracy practices: How poverty,
debt, and unemployment relate to everyday numeracy practices. Adult education
quarterly. 69(4). pp.251-270.
Yamashita, T. and et.al, 2020. Literacy, numeracy, and health information seeking among
middle-aged and older adults in the United States. Journal of aging and health. 32(1-2).
pp.33-41.
Klein, E. G. and et.al, 2019. The influence of health numeracy and health warning label type on
smoking myths and quit-related reactions. Nicotine and Tobacco Research. 21(7).
pp.974-978.
Cheung, S. K., Dulay, K. M. and McBride, C., 2020. Parents’ characteristics, the home
environment, and children’s numeracy skills: How are they related in low-to middle-
income families in the Philippines?. Journal of experimental child psychology. 192.
p.104780.