NUR4232: Influenza Vaccine Impact on Pneumonia Risk in Older Adults

This report investigates the effect of influenza vaccination on contracting pneumonia in older adults (60+) compared to those unvaccinated during flu season. The PICO(T) question guides the research, which analyzes quantitative and qualitative studies. Findings suggest pneumococcal vaccines as a primary prevention method, while influenza vaccination can also reduce infection risk. Barriers to vaccination include perceived side effects and cost. The report recommends influenza and pneumococcal vaccines and identifies key stakeholders, including older patients, at-risk individuals, and nurses. An evaluation plan outlines intervention through immunization, periodic assessment, and data collection via hospitals and community surveys. The report concludes with a list of references and emphasizes the importance of vaccination.

EFFECT OF
INFLUENZA VACCINE
ON CONTRACTING
PNEUMONIA IN
OLDER ADULTS
Bradley J. Shapley
Rasmussen College
Author Note

PICO(T)
QUESTION
In patients aged 60 years and above (P), what is the
effect of being administered the influenza vaccine (I)
on contracting pneumonia (O) compared with not
receiving the influenza vaccine (C) during the Flu
season (T)?

PICO(T)
P-ADULTS AGED 60 YEARS
I-IMMUNIZATION WITH
INFLUENZA VACCINES
C- GROUP OF PATIENTS NOT
ADMINISTERED WITH THE
VACCINE
O-VACCINATED PATIENTS NOT
AS LIKELY TO DEVELOP
PNEUMONIA
T-MEASURED TWICE WEEKLY

OVERVIEW OF
FINDINGS
Subtitle

FINDINGS FROM RESEARCH
 Quantitative study by Vila-Corcoles et al. (2016) recommends pneumococcal vaccine as primary preventive
approach for aged
 Qualitative study by Restivo et al. (2017) argued that older adults above 60 years acquire infection from other
patients as well as health care workers. As per results it can be prevented by influenza vaccination
 Qualitative study by Ellen (2017) identified that nurses perceives side effects of vaccine, technology and feelings
of good health as barriers to influenza immunisation. The facilitators includes recommendations from health care
providers, social media networks, access to health care providers
 As per Kan and Zhang (2018) barriers to influenza vaccine among older adults are transportation cost, side effects
of vaccine, ad mediating variables are recommendations from health care providers and threat perception

STRENGTH OF
EVIDENCE

SUMMARY OF THE EVIDENCE
Overall strength of the study is moderate as per LoBiondo-Wood & Haber (2017)
Rationale-
• Two studies are level IV- study of Ellen (2017) and Vila-Corcoles et al., (2016)
• one is level I- study of Restive et al., (2017)
• one is level II- study of Kan and Zhang (2018)

PRACTICE
RECOMMEND
ATIONS

RECOMMENDATIONS
1. For older adults with pneumonia Pneumococcal vaccines can be considered
primary preventive agent. It is recommended by CDC. PCV 13 approved by FDA
protects agonist 6 more serotypes than the PCV7
Strength of evidence (review) provides rationale for older adults to uptake take
pneumococcal vaccine. Evidence has relative risk of >5(<0.2) based on strong
evidence of association (Assad et al., 2012)
2. Influenza vaccine is recommended as evidence from randomized control trials
signify the 23% effectiveness of vaccine (with 95% confidence interval)
Strength of evidence (peer reviewed journal) is moderate and the rationale for the
choice is the estimate of the efficacy of the influenza vaccine (Lang et al., 2012)

KEY
STAKEHOLDE
RS

STAKEHOLDERS
 Older patients or participants with
pneumonia
-They are important to team being directly
involved with the target of the effort and are
beneficiaries
 Patients at risk of pneumonia
-May help in preventing proposed illness by
taking benefits of the efforts and pass the
health information for community awareness
 Nurse
- Important as care provider and to pass the
information and aid in enforcing laws

EVALUATION
PLAN