NUR115 - Ottawa Charter: Nurse/Midwife Role in Health Promotion

This essay explores the critical role of nurses and midwives in health promotion, focusing on HIV as a case study and applying the five major strategies outlined in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. It emphasizes the importance of building healthy public policy through advocating for supportive environments and policies, strengthening community action by empowering individuals living with HIV, and facilitating personal development by enhancing life skills and offering education. The essay also addresses the reorientation of health services to be culturally sensitive and accessible, highlighting the nurse's role in intersectoral collaboration and creating supportive environments. Ultimately, the paper underscores the significance of retaining and supporting nurses in HIV care to improve treatment outcomes, prevent the spread of HIV, and enhance the quality of life for those affected, advocating for institutional changes and sustained support for health promotion initiatives.

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The way toward empowering individuals to build control over and to enhance their
wellbeing is known as health promotion. It is a center component of human immunodeficiency
infection (HIV) nursing and is recognized as a key area in Sexual Health and HIV Nursing
Association's Competency Standards. It moves past a focus on singular conduct towards an
extensive variety of environmental and social related interventions. Health promotion not only
incorporate activities coordinated towards reinforcing the attitudes of people but also grasps
activities coordinated towards evolving economic, environmental, and political, conditions to
enhance wellbeing groups (Edelman, Mandle, & Kudzma, 2017). Resources in HIV health
promotion focus on improving outcomes in HIV prevention, spread and transmission,
discrimination and stigma, management and care.
Health promotion is a responsibility shared among health practitioners, community
members, government, organizations and health services instructions (Eldredge, L. K. B.,
Markham, Ruiter , Kok, & Parcel, 2016). Re-orienting healthcare Services also infers making
services culturally -fit and sociable Nurses play a crucial part in re-orientating wellbeing or
rather health services by encouraging intersectoral cooperation, between the health division and
other sectors. There is some proof to propose that concise interventions can have some impact on
a diminishing spread of HIV among individuals. For example, in settings frequently utilized by
youths, numerous health professionals are not at ease and adequately trained when working with
youngsters. Thus, working in association with other healthcare professionals facilitates effective
outcomes.
Surroundings in which we live in greatly affect our health; hence health promotion is
vital in generating working and living environments that are inspiring, encouraging, satiating,
harmless and comfortable. Creating a supportive environment and condition is a fundamental

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and vital matter. Safe, conducive and supportive conditions do not only entail physical needs but
also emotional and social needs. Nurses in the HIV division build up and encourage associations
amongst services and people, furthermore between clinical services and HIV promotion
agencies, peer-based groups and communities.
The Ottawa charter for health promotion methodologies for wellbeing advancements
practice stays significant for experts such as nurses just about 30 years after its commencement.
(Kemppainen, Tossavainen & Turunen, 2013). This Charter stresses the significance of
endorsing wellbeing at a worldwide level and recognizes the resources and principal conditions
for the health of the community. The Ottawa charter highlights five fundamental approaches for
reliable and effective health promotion. The five strategies include: building healthy public
policy, a creation of supportive health environments, strengthening community action for health,
developing personal skills and reorienting health services.
Nurses play an active and vital part in the healthcare sector. A nurse is normally the main
individual a patient communicates with. They are in charge of evaluating patients' needs and
diagnosing diseases (Neville & Cole, 2013). All things considered, nurses are an essential piece
of the complete principals of care and health advancement. Nurse’s part in health promotion
incorporates different duties identified with enabling, mediating, and advocating activities to
decrease unfortunate health outcomes.
Midwives advocate for the benefit of their patients and communities by supporting causes
that enhance health, for example, educational campaigns and nonprofit organizations. Nurses
empower or engage their patients by making progress toward parallel access to services related
to healthcare. Lastly, to endorse health for all subjects, nurses assume the part of the

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intermediary between providers of healthcare services, government, media and organizations. A
joint effort between different establishments is the best way to guarantee the health and strength
of a populace.
Nurses do have a role to play in health promotion in relation to HIV (Human
immunodeficiency virus) as per the five strategies outlined in the Ottawa charter. Building
healthy public policy is among the strategies. The goal of this strategy is to encourage everyone
who is involved in the healthcare system to guarantee incorporation of health into every decision
of public policy. Building healthy public policy also aims at creating a physical and social
environment where individuals can make healthy choices and live healthy lives. The Charter
recommends inter-sectoral coordinated effort where there is the common acknowledgement that
the strategies of different divisions, for example, industry, environmental planning, social
welfare, housing and education, additionally influence and are influenced by, those that guide
the wellbeing of our communities.
Midwives have a part in encouraging compelling public policy and in addition advocating
policy-makers in the interest of communities and HIV patients. Nurses advocate for surroundings
that promote people living with HIV health through reducing risk factors, assuring access to
social determinants of health and protective factors (Puplampu, Olson, Ogilvie & Mayan 2014).
For example, the policy they can advocate for can aid reducing the like-hood of youths engaging
in risky behaviors and ensures the provision of protection and rights for individuals living with
HIV/AIDS.
Midwives guarantee that services are available to the objective populace by giving a safe,
conducive and appropriate location, opening hours that enable clients to get services, lessening

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obstructions to access, for example, fiscal restraints and making an expert and non-judgmental
condition for the individuals and patients. They also enhance supportive economic and social
environment demonstrated by interventions planned to limit social segregation and stigma;
Referring a patient to a support group, provision of support and dependable access to pertinent
health services including willful and secret HIV testing and advising/counseling services; give
access to condoms and other defensive techniques and give economic options to commercial sex
workers (Leblanc, Burnet, D’Almeida, Lert, Simon, & Crémieux, 2015).
Strengthening of community action is another strategy that works to support
determinations in communities to increase their access to and control over social health
determinants. Strengthening of community activity Information and learning openings are
viewed as the motivation for enabling groups to cooperate to settle on well-versed decisions for
better wellbeing. This sort of group activity represents what is implied by the development of
community capacity and empowerment. Nurses empower communities by mobilizing and
involving individuals living with HIV in pinpointing and describing the problems they face.
Community members can figure out what their requirements are and how they can best
be met with the help of a nurse as their facilitator. Nurses strengthen community action by
educating various issues such as HIV prevention, transmission, management, care,
discrimination and stigma. Hence more power and control stays with the general population
themselves, instead of experts absolutely. Nurses can also advocate for educational opportunities
and financial support from other involved sectors which is vital for strengthening community
participation. Community empowerment thus results in improved health, a creation of awareness
and reduction in health discrepancies related to HIV (Keleher & Parker, 2013).

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Health promotion facilitates personal development by enhancing one’s life skills and
offering education and health information. Developing personal skills is vital if individuals are to
be in charge of their lives, health and to have more power in choices that impact health. Helping
individuals build up their abilities guarantees possession of knowledge and information
important to settle on informed decisions. For instance, numerous parents think it difficult to
speak with teenagers about HIV. It is additionally evident that numerous guardians get
themselves disengaged and frail to go about their youths' HIV contraction. Systematic
evaluations of HIV education programs in schools show that efficient school-based programs
should start before puberty and that educational programs ought to incorporate social skills and
abstinence training.
Moreover, community values, societal settings and information concerning sexual
education should be incorporated. HIV instruction programs that give facts alone have partial
success. Nurses facilitate comprehension of HIV related damages and interventions to discourse
those damages, guardians and members of a community cannot back up attempts for changes.
They can work with guardians at home, educators and pupils in schools to give training (WHO,
2016) which offers advice on HIV related issues. Nurses enhance and promote health education
interventions through public awareness programs and community education.
Nurses work to ensure health care services are friendly, appealing and culturally
acceptable to youths. They do this by striving to be respectful, friendly and creating a
comfortable environment during counselling sessions by refraining from being judgemental
(Leblanc et al.,2015). Midwives ensure that they respect patient’s wishes and privacy, this
provides ground for more youths and their relatives being confident enough to find help
concerning matters pertaining HIV related issues such as means of transmission and how to live

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positively after being infected and affected by HIV (Uebel, Guise, Georgeu, Colvin, & Lewin,
2013).
Effective and viable health promotion reinforces the abilities and capacities of people to
make a move and the ability of community members to act communally to apply control over the
spread of HIV. Retaining and drawing nurses in HIV care is basic to successful treatment, HIV
spread prevention, its progress moderation, and enhancement of life quality of those already
infected by HIV. Nurses assume the main part of health care conveyance and are in charge of the
significant bit of care given to those living with HIV and AIDS such as educating and instructing
the populace. With an augmented view of AIDS as a nursing malady, nurses make an essential
role in wellbeing advancement and enhancing health status. The health of the public can be
enhanced by means of changes to the institutional division and sustenance for health promotion,
infection aversion and health protection.

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References
Edelman, C. L., Mandle, C. L., & Kudzma, E. C. (2017). Health Promotion Throughout the Life
Span-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Eldredge, L. K. B., Markham, C. M., Ruiter, R. A., Kok, G., & Parcel, G. S. (2016). Planning
health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach. John Wiley & Sons.
Keleher, H., & Parker, R. (2013). Health promotion by primary care nurses in Australian general
practice. Collegian, 20(4), 215-221.
Kemppainen, V., Tossavainen, K., & Turunen, H. (2013). Nurses' roles in health promotion
practice: an integrative review. Health Promotion International, 28(4), 490-501.
Leblanc, J., Burnet, E., D’Almeida, K. W., Lert, F., Simon, T., & Crémieux, A. C. (2015). The
role of nurses in HIV screening in health care facilities: a systematic review.
International journal of nursing studies, 52(9), 1495-1513.
Neville, K., & Cole, D. A. (2013). The relationships among health promotion behaviors,
compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction in nurses practicing in a
community medical center. Journal of Nursing Administration, 43(6), 348-354.
Puplampu, G. L., Olson, K., Ogilvie, L., & Mayan, M. (2014). Attracting and retaining nurses in
HIV care. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 25(3), 253-261.
Roden, J., Jarvis, L., Campbell-Crofts, S., & Whitehead, D. (2015). Australian rural, remote and
urban community nurses' health promotion role and function. Health promotion
international, 31(3), 704-714.
Uebel, K., Guise, A., Georgeu, D., Colvin, C., & Lewin, S. (2013). Integrating HIV care into
nurse-led primary health care services in South Africa: a synthesis of three linked
qualitative studies. BMC health services research, 13(1), 171.

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World Health Organization. (2016). Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Geneva: WHO, 1986.