Nursing Assignment: Patient Care, Diagnosis, and Planning

This assignment presents a comprehensive nursing care plan for a patient named Mrs. Yu Yan McFarlane, who underwent an abdominal hysterectomy. It includes a nursing diagnosis, planning, and interventions for various issues such as abdominal pain, post-surgery constipation, situational low self-image, myocardial ischemia, and anxiety/depression. Each section outlines the patient's condition, nursing interventions (including medication adjustments, heat pads, fluid intake, dietary fiber, music therapy, and emotional support), and expected outcomes. The second part of the assignment discusses the causes of disease and illness, including pathogens, inherited genetic conditions, trauma, toxins, nutritional factors, health interventions, degenerative changes, and loss of normal control mechanisms. For each cause, it details key features and the resulting physical, emotional, and mental impacts, providing a thorough overview of patient care and disease understanding.

Question 1
Nursing diagnosis Planning -
(Nursing
intervention)
Community
support service
Link to personal
needs
Expected
Outcome
Abdominal Pain
Assess pain and
control pain by
changing the prior
given analgesics
by asking the MD
to change to more
pain relievers.
Give heat pads to
relieve pain
Ensure adequate
hydration
Provide music
therapy within the
required limits
Music therapy
brings cooled
emotions and
promotes sleep
which finally
brings reduced
mood sensations
and relaxation
Improved patient’s
wellbeing .
Post-surgery
constipation
Encourage taking
of fluids of 2000 to
3000ml/day
Encourage taking
of at least 20g of
dietary fiber
Explain to the
caregivers to give a
balanced diet ,
adequate of fruits,
vegetables and
grains/give
sufficient fluid
Facilitates
digestion and leads
to softer faecal
mass
Patient states relief
in discomfort and
constipation
Situational Low Support the patient Provide her with Will help her feel She shall verbalize

self-image
in her attempts of
securing
autonomy, reality,
sense of capability
and a positive self-
image.
Educate her on
harmful effects of
negative self-talk.
an environment
that is favourable
for her to express
her feelings
accepted and
builds a trusting
relationship to
build a positive
self esteem
positive self-
acceptance
Myocardial
ischemia
Monitor BP and
changes in the
heart rate of the
patient.
Encourage her to
do deep and slow
breathing
techniques
Provide emergency
myocardial
services by
establishing
contacts to the
nearby myocardial
clinics
Promotes early
use of acute
reperfusion
therapies
Demonstrate the
use of relaxation
techniques
Low blood
pressure
Auscultate the
blood pressure
Monitor the
patient’s heart rate
and rhythm.
Diet regulation
where the patient is
given free of
harmful fats and
sugary substances
Promotes good
heart health and
lowers blood
pressure
The patient
demonstrates
increased activity
tolerance
Anxiety
Encourage self-
expression of the
Engaging the
patient in social
Encourages self-
expression/relieves
The patient
demonstrates

/depression
patient
Note the presence
of hostility,
withdrawal or
denial.
activities such as
dialogue and life
coaching
stress
positive problem
solving skills.
Question 2
Disease and illness can be caused by a number of factors, no matter the age of a person. These factors
can also impact people in different ways. For each cause listed below, specify at least one (1) key feature,
physical, emotional and mental impact that might occur because of them.
Cause Key Feature Physical Impact
Emotional
Impact
Mental Impact
Pathogens
They are of various
types which
includes viroids,
bacteria, prions,
fungi, virus and
protozoa.
Diarrhoea, fever,
abdominal cramps
and vomiting ,
headaches and
physical pain.
Changed human
behaviour.
general malaise,
autism, Tourette
Syndrome and
schizophrenia.
Inherited genetic
conditions
They are passed
from one
generation to
Susceptibility to
diseases, weight
changes, sickle
cell diseases and
Uncertainty, anger,
sadness and grief.
Anxiety, guilt,
worry of the risk to
children,
redemptive

another
They are divided
into 3,namely
single gene
disorder,
chromosomal
disorders, complex
disorders.
fatigue. adjustment and
autism.
Trauma, toxins
and other
environmental
hazards
Trauma manifests
itself physically
and emotionally
Toxins are
Derived from
plants, fungi or
bacteria.
Paleness, lethargy,
withdrawal, raced
heartbeat,
headache, fever,
nausea, diarrhoea
and vomiting.
Self-denial,
sadness, anger,
emotional outburst
and stress.
Poor concentration
,confusion,
depression,
convulsions and
coma.
Nutritional factors They include
detailed
information on
factors affecting
our food choices.
They are biological
determinants,
Body weight
changes,
determines heart
health, determines
physical activity
and builds body
Mood changes,
regulates stress,
controls anxiety.
Controls
depression,
determines health
of inflammatory
cells and
wellbeing, controls
dementia and

economic
determinants ,
physical
determinants and
social
determinants.
image. cognitive
impairments.
Impacts caused by
health
interventions
(iatrogenic)
They are the
complications /
diseases caused by
diagnostic and
therapeutic
procedures.
Hair loss during
chemotherapy,
lack of appetite,
nausea, diabetes
and infertility
High emotional
arousal, lack of
trust, helplessness,
anger, sadness and
emotional stress.
Brain damage,
depression,
insomnia,
schizophrenia,
dementia and
memory loss.
Degenerative
changes in vital
organ systems
This is a medical
condition that
causes
deterioration of an
organ or tissue
over a period of
time. They occur
due to degenerative
changes in cells
due to choices in
lifestyle
Prolonged disease
durations, severe
and chronic pain,
fatigue and loss of
body’s immunity.
Stress, irritation,
lack of confidence,
unbalanced social
life and poor social
relations. .
Breakdown of the
nervous system,
depression,
memory loss,
Huntington
disease, dementia.
The loss of normal This is when the Weak immune Fear, stress, Anxiety,

control
mechanisms like
the uncontrolled
growth of cancer
cells
body fails to
control and
maintain the body
tissues due to
weakened
mechanisms.
system, formation
of tumours within
the body, fatigue,
tiredness and
general body
weakness.
helplessness,
emotional
imbalance and
worry.
depression,
fatigue, mental
fog, memory loss
and retardation.