Public Health Policy: Challenges in Nursing Education and Training

This report examines the critical issues surrounding nursing education and training, highlighting the lack of effective preparation for nursing staff. The executive summary emphasizes the need for updated regulations and curricula to improve nurses' confidence and proficiency, addressing the limitations of outdated educational approaches that fail to equip nurses with the necessary skills for modern healthcare. The report cites the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) reports on the future of nursing and discusses the problem of inadequate training, leading to increased stress and turnover among new nurses, and the importance of patient-centered care, interprofessional teamwork, and evidence-based practices. It reviews literature supporting the need for change, identifies stakeholders, and proposes policy recommendations such as allowing nurses to make more decisions and be prioritized for redesigning the healthcare system, ultimately advocating for changes in educational practices to improve patient care and outcomes. The report concludes by emphasizing the need for policy changes to adapt to the complexities of the modern healthcare environment.

Running head: PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY 1
Role, Issues and Public Health Policy: Lack of Effective Education and Training for the
Nursing staff

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Executive Summary
The nursing education and training has been attaining a lot of attention from the
contemporary researchers and policy makers. The outdated regulations do not fit in the
modern world and the concept as well as the curricula established is proving to be affect the
confidence and proficiency of the nursing staff. The lack of practical competency is making
the nurses sacred while treating the patient sometimes causing professional glitches. The
policies need to be renovated and new programs are required to be formulated for the nursing
practitioner to gain the apt amount of training and knowledge suitable for them as well as the
healthcare organisation

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Introduction
According to McGinnis, Stuckhardt, Saunders and Smith (2013), The Committee on Quality
of Health Care in America which is a reputed Institute of Medicine stated that the system of
American health care delivery as well as educational training policy for the nurses needs to
change. Subsequently in 2010. The Institute of Medicine formulated a report known as the
Future of Nursing which is reports the gap in quality by numerous organizations. It states that
these gaps have not only been seen in systems of care, but has also been recognised in the
education systems in healthcare professions which helps us to realise that the future of
healthcare are its nursing and clinician staffs and they are the ones who will be able to
successfully revolutionise the care delivered to the patient. Therefore, the main purpose of
this report is to establish all the concepts within the development to intrude at the systems
level to advocate and motivate health and healthcare system. The paper will be highlighting
one of the issues and outlining all the negative points in the contemporary situation. It will
then be discussing past studies for establishing evidences. Lastly, the paper will be providing
policy recommendation and justifying tit with an overview.
Problem Statement-
There are varied issues related to healthcare and health one of which will be highlighted in
this report. The issue discussed in this essay will be the challenges and problems faced by the
nurses for acquiring full extent of the training and education. As opined by NCSBN, (2020),
improper education is leading to create incompetency among new nurses for effectively
transition into new practice. This creates a lot of problem such as the new nurses are seen to
report more ill practices and mistakes than the experienced ones. Due to improper education
and training they have enhanced stress level that can affect the safety of the patient. It has
been recorded that about 25% of the novice nurses quit their posts within a year of the

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practice, which in turn is enhancing the turnover rate and negatively impacting the safety of
the patient (Shi and Singh, 2014).
Review of Literature
As opined by DeLeon, et. al. (2015), education for the healthcare professional is anticipated
to yield graduates that have a proficient competency in the field as definite by the Pew Health
Professions Commissions as well as the Institute of Medicine (IOM). These capabilities put
emphasis on matters of specialized behaviour for instance the ethical standards and the
cultural aptitude. Mitchell, et. al. (2012), argues that these competencies received also
focuses on care with the predominant intent to deliver patient-centred care; apply a value
enhancement principle; working with the interprofessional teams, using evidence-based
practices; and lastly to use health material technologies. Even though there are extensive
arrangement and sustenance for these capabilities yet the prospectuses have been the one to
slowly change. Faculty, themselves who have been educated in earlier time, overloaded the
curricula with realistic content carried in pompous and pretentious lectures which are
regularly depicted with the help of dense PowerPoint slides. Nurses are able to graduate with
sufficient factual information nevertheless often have a little intellect of combination and
deprived capacity to function in an interprofessional teams or organize care successfully
across the numerous care situations which maximum patients travel (Barnsteiner and Disch,
2012).
As stated by Baxter and Norman (2011), the impending shortage in workforce around most
clinics request that the educationalists formulate graduates with better flexibility across
numerous disciplinary margins and fewer engrained, siloed rational. As opined by Goodall
(2011), the Association of Academic Health Centres states that the regionalized decision-
making in the health personnel education and feeble nationwide health employees policy is
the primary reasons for the increasing crisis in the upcoming source of healthcare

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professionals and nursing staffs as well as the calls for vital remedial act to advance and
finance effective training.
As suggested by Alkhenizan and Shaw (2011), the health occupations has encountered an
overall transformation in education and seen slight fundamental transformation in the last
fifty years. These changes need to be reviewed as there is an urgent need for new visions as
per the demand of the market. Innovative objective and goals are required for improving the
degree at which the training of nursing graduates advances the population health; improved
the experience of patient’s in the healthcare facility; and diminishes or controls the per capita
price of care.
Stakeholders or Audience for the study
The people that needs to understand the situation of the outdated training and educational
means of the nursing staff are the government official of the United States, the local social
groups, the board members that are responsible for making the regulations and policies.
society. The main stakeholders that need to view the issue and follow new approach and
improve the educational reforms are the nursing educationalists, commissioners, and
academic investigators; physicians; governments and administrative department including
law-making bodies and officials; professional associations and lastly the accrediting agencies.
Actors
The relevant actors for the issue have been identified to be the nursing students and
graduates, clinicians, nursing educators and nurse managers. They are primarily involved in
the backward system and are the most affected one’s. Therefore, profound variations in the
programs and the operation of new educational approaches will be required for changing the
system.

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As opined by Wright, Daneman, Mainland and Rossant (2011), in the past few years, rational
nursing teaching and training has been significantly moving from content-based courses that
are taught within isolated sections, such as the care surroundings secluded from one other and
inaccessible disease-based content. The concept-based, combined programs that accentuate
evidence-based maintenance and medical decision making all over the locations, ages, and
diagnoses. However, the new American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) has
formulated an essential document that reflects on these changes while inspiring that the
revolutionary movement is sluggish and falls short of fundamental reform.
Critique of policy option
1. As opined by Anastas (2013), the nurse’s role is quite critical in respect to the
availability, quality, and worth of care. Therefore, the nursing professional must
endure essential transformation as the committee is still following the outdated
approach formulated during the 20th century. The educational and training practices
needs to be modified as they are no longer acceptable for dealing with the certainties
of the modern health care system of 21st century. The obsolete guidelines, attitudes,
regulations, and customs are continuing to limit and confine the revolutions of the
nursing profession that could bring changes in the health care at a period of this
contemporary complication and variation.
2. The access of nursing to the quality of care was initially said to be expanded by giving
the nurses an opportunity to use the RNs and APRNs in their chronic, primary as well
as transitional care unit. As stated by Fairman and Okoye (2011), the nurses helping
in superior roles fashioned to rise admittance to care, like care controllers and
clinicians of primary care unit, have resulted in diminished rate of elderly patients.
3. Nurses not being able to take decisions as they lack effective training and education as
well as their stress is taking over which is in turn making them demotivated. So far in

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was noticed in many cases that the traditional regulations, prejudices, and guidelines
stops the nursing staff, especially the APRNs, from practicing their full extent of
teaching, skills, and proficiencies (Battié, 2013).
Policy Recommendations
The new policy recommendations that according to me will be highly effective and in turn
will provide a vital intersection among the health requirements of varied and altering patient
populations and the activities of the nursing staffs. The policy recommendations envisioned
are proposed to sustain the efforts to advance the American health care system and population
 Providing nurses effective providing for practicing their full extent of education so
that they feel more confident with the patients.
 Th most efficient way to enhance the access for patient-centred care is by allowing the
nursing staff to take more decisions so that they can use their ability and make
informed decision for the patient.
 Nurses should be given priority like other professionals of healthcare for redesigning
the healthcare system.

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References
Alkhenizan, A., & Shaw, C. (2011). Impact of accreditation on the quality of healthcare
services: a systematic review of the literature. Annals of Saudi medicine, 31(4), 407-
416.
Anastas, J. W. (2013). Policy, practice and people: Current issues affecting clinical
practice. Clinical Social Work Journal, 41(3), 302-307.
Barnsteiner, J., & Disch, J. (2012). A just culture for nurses and nursing students. Nursing
Clinics, 47(3), 407-416.
Battié, R. N. (2013). Perioperative nursing and education: what the IOM Future of Nursing
report tells us. AORN journal, 98(3), 249-259.
Baxter, P., & Norman, G. (2011). Self‐assessment or self-deception? A lack of association
between nursing students’ self‐assessment and performance. Journal of advanced
nursing, 67(11), 2406-2413.
DeLeon, P. H., Sells, J. R., Cassidy, O., Waters, A. J., & Kasper, C. E. (2015). Health policy:
Timely and interdisciplinary. Training and Education in Professional
Psychology, 9(2), 121.
Fairman, J. A., & Okoye, S. M. (2011). Nursing for the future, from the past: Two reports on
nursing from the Institute of Medicine. Journal of Nursing Education, 50(6), 305-311.
Goodall, A. H. (2011). Physician-leaders and hospital performance: is there an
association?. Social science & medicine, 73(4), 535-539.

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McGinnis, J. M., Stuckhardt, L., Saunders, R., & Smith, M. (Eds.). (2013). Best care at lower
cost: the path to continuously learning health care in America. National Academies
Press.
Mitchell, P., Wynia, M., Golden, R., McNellis, B., Okun, S., Webb, C. E., ... & Von Kohorn,
I. (2012). Core principles & values of effective team-based health care. NAM
Perspectives.
NCSBN, (2020). Nursing Regulation: Transition to Practice. Retrieved from:
https://www.ncsbn.org/transition-to-practice.htm.
Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2014). Delivering health care in America. Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Wright, J. G., Daneman, D., Mainland, J., & Rossant, J. (2011). Innovation as the core
strategy for the future success of academic health centres. Canadian Journal of
Surgery, 54(3), 150.