Nursing Assignment: CHCPOL003 Research and Apply Evidence to Practice

This nursing assignment explores two key areas: infection control and minimizing language barriers in healthcare settings. The infection control section investigates hand hygiene monitoring protocols, hospital-associated infections (HAIs), and the effectiveness of interventions like systematic reviews and literature reviews. The research examines relevant sources, including studies on hand hygiene monitoring technology and core components for effective infection prevention. The assignment also addresses the impact of these findings on nursing practice, emphasizing the importance of hand hygiene and disinfectant use. The second part of the assignment focuses on minimizing language barriers when communicating with clients, highlighting the role of professional interpreters and their impact on effective communication. The assignment explores the benefits of interpreter services, the need for staff training, and the potential for improved patient care and outcomes. The student draws conclusions, identifies areas for improvement in the workplace, and emphasizes the importance of continuous learning and adaptation in nursing practice.

Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENT
NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:

1NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Research Topic 1- Infection Control
1) The two identified areas associated to the topic that will improve and support the practice
as enrolled nurse is hand hygiene monitoring protocol and infection control.
2) The primary reason for undertaking the research is described as follows:
A. Knowledge extension- Hand hygiene monitoring protocol will discuss in elaborate
regarding the healthcare related infection and effective hygiene methods like washing
hand to reduce the incidence of hospital-related infection (Tawfiq & Tambyah, 2014).
B. Trend identification- Hospital- related infection are very common and prevalent hence
this monitoring protocol will be effective in reducing the infection (Zingg et al.,
2015).
C. Comparison- To compare if hand hygiene monitoring protocol is effective in
controlling hospital related infection than standard hygiene protocol (Han et al.,
2015).
3) The statement highlighting the hypothesis of the research question is:
“Is hand hygiene monitoring protocol effective in reducing hospital-associated infection?”
4) The objective of this research study is defined as follows:
The principal objective is to assess whether hand hygiene monitoring systems produce
sustainable improvements or advancement in hand hygiene acquiescence when related to
traditional care system.
5) Nursing discipline is connected to this research activity as the nurses are responsible to
maintain good hygiene practice under the guidelines for hand hygiene system in NMBA
standard of practice for enrolled nurse (Fried 2014).
6) The link of the sources used in this research study is as follows:

2NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Source 1: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3874644/
Source 2: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3963198/
7) In order to answer the research question the appropriate method of gathering information is
systematic review and literature review.
Systematic review is chosen better than literature review method as it is more efficient
and chances of error is least. The studies used in this method is reviewed by two different
researcher and in case of any error or dispute, third reviewer in involved in solving the error.
8) The four resources used for this research topic is as follows:
A. Srigley, J. A., Lightfoot, D., Fernie, G., Gardam, M., & Muller, M. P. (2013). Hand
hygiene monitoring technology: protocol for a systematic review. Systematic reviews,
2(1), 101.
B. Storr, J., Twyman, A., Zingg, W., Damani, N., Kilpatrick, C., Reilly, J., ... &
Allegranzi, B. (2017). Core components for effective infection prevention and control
programmes: new WHO evidence-based recommendations. Antimicrobial Resistance
& Infection Control, 6(1), 6.
C. Rutala, W. A., & Weber, D. J. (2016). Monitoring and improving the effectiveness of
surface cleaning and disinfection. American journal of infection control, 44(5), e69-
e76.
D. Musuuza, J. S., Barker, A., Ngam, C., Vellardita, L., & Safdar, N. (2016). Assessment
of fidelity in interventions to improve hand hygiene of healthcare workers: a
systematic review. infection control & hospital epidemiology, 37(5), 567-575.
9) The relevant information considered for this assignment is the knowledge regarding
health-related infection (HAIs) that were not preventable earlier and were caused by

3NURSING ASSIGNMENT
antibiotic-resistant organism but now HAIs were preventable due to hygiene intervention
using multimodal hand hygiene program.
10) Summary of the sources used in this research study:
A. Srigley, J. A., Lightfoot, D., Fernie, G., Gardam, M., & Muller, M. P. (2013). Hand
hygiene monitoring technology: protocol for a systematic review. Systematic reviews, 2(1),
101
In this study, the researcher focused on the hygiene practice of healthcare worker and
established important intervention based on direct observation. Systematic review was
conducted for supporting the evidence of this system, stating the primary objective to
determine the yield of hand hygiene monitoring system in improving compliance of hand
hygiene as compared to standard care. After detail analysis of the studies it was
established that hand hygiene monitoring system is efficient in controlling and improving
the hand hygiene compliance.
B. Storr, J., Twyman, A., Zingg, W., Damani, N., Kilpatrick, C., Reilly, J., ... & Allegranzi,
(2017). Core components for effective infection prevention and control programmes: new
WHO evidence-based recommendations. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 6(1),
6.
Health care-associated infection (HAI) is the crucial health problem affecting large
population and representing as an economic burden in the healthcare system. Infection
prevention and control measures (IPC) is used to prevent the incidence of infection. The
researcher modified the guidelines of IPC for better and successful result with better
quality of care. World Health Organization (WHO) also recommended different care
components to develop and improve the effectiveness of IPC program. Hence, the aim of
this research study is to develop the guideline in order to identify and evaluate the
resource implication, acceptability, feasibility and patient preference and value of IPC.

4NURSING ASSIGNMENT
The researchers presented 11 different recommendation and 3 good practice account for
supporting the system of hand hygiene and guidelines with a novel WHO IPC guidelines.
C. Rutala, W. A., & Weber, D. J. (2016). Monitoring and improving the effectiveness of
surface cleaning and disinfection. American journal of infection control, 44(5), e69-e76.
Infection prevention method was highlighted in this research paper for removing
contamination of non-critical environmental surface and equipment in the hospital. The
noncritical medical and environment surface becomes contaminated due to infectious agents
and might lead to hospital- related infectious agents. Hence, in this study the researcher have
used disinfection to render the equipment and surface to prevent any kind of human diseases.
The researcher highlighted that environmental contamination is the leading cause of problem
and disinfectant play an important role in cleaning and reducing the prevalence of health
care-associated infection (HIAs).
D. Musuuza, J. S., Barker, A., Ngam, C., Vellardita, L., & Safdar, N. (2016). Assessment of
fidelity in interventions to improve hand hygiene of healthcare workers: a systematic review.
infection control & hospital epidemiology, 37(5), 567-575
In this study, the researcher highlighted hand hygiene compliance in various
healthcare workers for controlling infection and promoting prevention that is still a challenge
in the modern era. The researcher examined reliability in the intervention in order to improve
the compliance of hand hygiene based on 5 different measures. Systematic review is
conducted by the researcher including 100 different studies. The result highlighted that all the
intervention for hand hygiene compliance had failed to report any fidelity measurement hence
making fidelity reporting as the standard practice for reducing the HIAs. The intricate
behavioural intervention was highlighted in the result by the researcher for hand hygiene.

5NURSING ASSIGNMENT
11) The two article used in rest of the assignment is:
Article 1: Srigley, J. A., Lightfoot, D., Fernie, G., Gardam, M., & Muller, M. P. (2013).
Hand hygiene monitoring technology: protocol for a systematic review. Systematic reviews,
2(1), 101
Article 2: Storr, J., Twyman, A., Zingg, W., Damani, N., Kilpatrick, C., Reilly, J., ... &
Allegranzi, B. (2017). Core components for effective infection prevention and control
programmes: new WHO evidence-based recommendations. Antimicrobial Resistance &
Infection Control, 6(1), 6.
12)
Article 1- Srigley, J. A.,
Lightfoot, D., Fernie, G.,
Gardam, M., & Muller, M.
P. (2013). Hand hygiene
monitoring technology:
protocol for a systematic
review. Systematic reviews,
2(1), 101
Article 2- Storr, J.,
Twyman, A., Zingg, W.,
Damani, N., Kilpatrick, C.,
Reilly, J., ... & Allegranzi,
B. (2017). Core components
for effective infection
prevention and control
programmes: new WHO
evidence-based
recommendations.
Antimicrobial Resistance &
Infection Control, 6(1), 6.
Currency 2013 2017
Study findings Hand hygiene monitoring
care is better than standard
care for improving hand
hygiene compliance
Formulating PICO question
and modifying the
guidelines of IPC action
plan for decreasing the rate
of health care- associated
infection (HIAs).
Strength of study The evidence used in this
study was evaluated to
examine the strength of the
data by using GRADE
approach to examine if the
outcome is specific and
relevant.
The evidence used in this
study involved the
recommendation and data
approved by the panel of
WHO and was usually the
direct evidence under IPC
component.
Relevance Yes Yes

6NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Reliability Audit is performed with
regular extent of inter-
observer agreement in order
to ensure the reliability of
the study.
Laboratory capacity and
quality microbiology is use
d to ensure the reliability of
the HAI surveillance in the
study.
Validity No validation was
performed
No validation was
performed
Benefits The most important benefit
of the study is that an
effective tool is developed to
improve the compliance of
hand hygiene and to reduce
the incidence of HAIs.
The most important benefit
of the study is regarding the
intervention approach from
improved guidelines by the
member of WHO.
Risks The risk associated with the
study is the biasness of
individual study that can
result in publication biasness
The risk was identified in
the procedure, exposure and
population of the people
involved.
Feasibility The work was very feasible
as the tool could easily be
implemented in the hospital.
The work is feasible because
the guidelines are improved
at a national level that will
increase the chances of hand
hygiene compliance and can
easily be adapted by the
hospital setting
environment.
13) The conclusion derived from the research study highlighted that both the research study
focused on reducing the incidence and rate of HIAs infection and increasing the possibility
and chance to adapt new intervention for effective hand hygiene compliance.
14) The impact the conclusion has on the duty of care requirement by preventing the client
from getting prone to any kind of disease or infection, hence the nurses must wear gloves and
wash their hand from disinfectant before physically touching the client or any if their
belonging to avoid any chance of infection and issue in the patient.

7NURSING ASSIGNMENT
15) The important information’s retrieved from the various case study was very beneficial
and should be used in the workplace by using effective educational intervention where the
nurses and doctors should be taught regarding HIAs infection and effective hand hygiene
monitoring program to control the situation.
16) The change or modification required in the workplace is in the area of knowledge
because few doctors and nurses are not aware of the consequences caused by the HIA
infection and effective intervention and method to improve the situation of infection
prevalence by washing hand with disinfectant and avoiding any chance of contamination.
Disinfectant should be kept in the hospital and hand wash should be kept to avoid any chance
of contamination. In my hospital the nurses sometimes use tissue paper to wipe their hands
which is a wrong approach and increases the prevalence of contamination. Hence, I would
like to change this practice and establish the practice of disinfectant to clean hands.
17) The issue of ineffective or incomplete knowledge of nurses and specialist require more
research and evaluation and different method should be established to improve the knowledge
of nurses and doctors in the hospital.
Research topic 2: Minimising language barrier when communicating with clients
1. The two areas related to the topic which is, Minimising language barrier when
communicating with clients is recruitment of professional interpreter and minimising
the language barrier.
2. The primary reason for undertaking the research is as follows:
A. Knowledge extension: By recruiting a professional interpreter the knowledge of
the nursing staff will increases as they will get to know more about different
language (Hsieh, 2015).
B. Strengthen the quality of practice: with the help of professional recruiter, health
care staff n registered nurse will be able to get more appropriate and detailed

8NURSING ASSIGNMENT
knowledge about the patient’s pains and worries, which assists in developing the
care plan (Boyce, Browne & Greenhalgh, 2014).
C. Hypothesis testing: one of the major hurdles that is frequently observe in
developing a care plan is language barrier. Hence by recruiting the professional
interpreter it can be evaluated that, whether recruiting the professional interpreter
is effective in minimising the language barrier or not (Mason, 2017).
3. Is recruiting professional interpreter effective to minimize the language barriers while
interacting with client?
4. The objective of the research is to minimise the language barrier to enhance the
effective communication between the patient and the health care staff. Effective
communication helps in better treatment and recovery of the patient. Language barrier
can be minimised by recruiting professional interpreter in the healthcare setting.
5. Linguistic discipline can be connected to the research activity to minimise the
language barrier is linguistic discipline (Sleptsova et al., 2014).
6. The sources that is used in the research article is :
Source 1- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4566365/
Source 2-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28185201
7. To answer the research question, literature review and cohorts study is used. With the
help of literature review the benefit of using professional interpreter can be evaluated
and along with that is will also help in analysing the extensive use of professional
interpreter in health care setting.
Another method used is the cohort study, as with the help of cohort study incidence
rate is calculated where language acts as a barrier. Cohort study helps is evaluating
the outcome in more detailed and precise way.
8.

9NURSING ASSIGNMENT
A. Source 1- Meuter, R. F., Gallois, C., Segalowitz, N. S., Ryder, A. G., & Hocking, J.
(2015). Overcoming language barriers in healthcare: a protocol for investigating safe
and effective communication when patients or clinicians use a second language. BMC
health services research, 15(1), 371.
B. Source 2- Lee, J. S., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Gregorich, S. E., Crawford, M. H., Green, A.,
Livaudais-Toman, J., & Karliner, L. S. (2017). Increased access to professional
interpreters in the hospital improves informed consent for patients with limited
English proficiency. Journal of general internal medicine, 32(8), 863-870.
C. Source 3- Brisset, C., Leanza, Y., & Laforest, K. (2013). Working with interpreters in
health care: A systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative studies. Patient
education and counseling, 91(2), 131-140.
D. Source 4- Lion, K. C., Brown, J. C., Ebel, B. E., Klein, E. J., Strelitz, B., Gutman, C.
K., ... & Mangione-Smith, R. (2015). Effect of telephone vs video interpretation on
parent comprehension, communication, and utilization in the pediatric emergency
department: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA pediatrics, 169(12), 1117-1125.
9. The objective of the research is to minimising the language barrier by recruiting
professional interpreter in the health care setting. In one of the selected sources it is
mentioned that, professional or medical interpreter helps in enhancing the
communication skill among the patient and the health care setting and also helps in
minimising the difficulties cause due to multicultarism in hospital, which is relevant
to the objective of the patient.
10. Summary of the sources used in the study:
Meuter, R. F., Gallois, C., Segalowitz, N. S., Ryder, A. G., & Hocking, J. (2015).
Overcoming language barriers in healthcare: a protocol for investigating safe and

10NURSING ASSIGNMENT
effective communication when patients or clinicians use a second language. BMC
health services research, 15(1), 371.
In this article, the importance of professional interpreter in the health care setting is
explained. Miscommunication due to the language difference between the patient and
the health care staff sometimes can be life-threatening. Instead of the adverse effects,
the issue is not addressed effectively. In this paper, 80 interaction among the patient
and healthcare staff who speaks English and Chinese are surveyed. Recordings of the
interaction is collected to analyse the actual problem that occurs during the interaction
and can be avoided if a medical interpreter is used.
Lee, J. S., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Gregorich, S. E., Crawford, M. H., Green, A.,
Livaudais-Toman, J., & Karliner, L. S. (2017). Increased access to professional
interpreters in the hospital improves informed consent for patients with limited
English proficiency. Journal of general internal medicine, 32(8), 863-870.
In this paper, the benefits of using the bedside interpreter is discussed. By using the
bedside interpreter, informed consent of the patient having limited English
proficiency is increased. In this paper, hospitalized patient who had underwent
general surgery, cardiovascular and orthopaedic surgery are selected as respondent.
All the respondents are supplied with bedside interpreter which help in providing 24
hour access to the patient.
Brisset, C., Leanza, Y., & Laforest, K. (2013). Working with interpreters in health
care: A systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative studies. Patient
education and counseling, 91(2), 131-140.
In this paper, the use of professional interpreter in health care that helps in resolving
the communication difficulties is discussed. The objective of the article is to identify
the relational issue that is involved in dealing with the interpreters in the health care

11NURSING ASSIGNMENT
setting and their use in future. Systemic literature review is conducted among the
French and English speaking people and to organize the data meta-ethnographic
analysis and matrix method is used.
Lion, K. C., Brown, J. C., Ebel, B. E., Klein, E. J., Strelitz, B., Gutman, C. K., ... &
Mangione-Smith, R. (2015). Effect of telephone vs video interpretation on parent
comprehension, communication, and utilization in the pediatric emergency
department: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA pediatrics, 169(12), 1117-1125.
In this article, the effect of using telephone and video modalities in pediatric care is
determined. Randomized trial is performed between the telephone and video
interpreter. Selected respondents were 290 parents whose child were hospitalized.
The respondents were Spanish speaking and have limited proficiency to English.
From the experiment it can be concluded that the families that have received video
interpretation are more aware of the child diagnosis procedure.
11. Article 1- Meuter, R. F., Gallois, C., Segalowitz, N. S., Ryder, A. G., & Hocking, J.
(2015). Overcoming language barriers in healthcare: a protocol for investigating safe
and effective communication when patients or clinicians use a second language. BMC
health services research, 15(1), 371.
Article 2- Lee, J. S., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Gregorich, S. E., Crawford, M. H., Green, A.,
Livaudais-Toman, J., & Karliner, L. S. (2017). Increased access to professional
interpreters in the hospital improves informed consent for patients with limited
English proficiency. Journal of general internal medicine, 32(8), 863-870.
12.
Article 1- Meuter, R. F.,
Gallois, C., Segalowitz, N.
S., Ryder, A. G., &
Hocking, J. (2015).
Article 2- Lee, J. S., Pérez-
Stable, E. J., Gregorich, S.
E., Crawford, M. H., Green,
A., Livaudais-Toman, J., &

12NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Overcoming language
barriers in healthcare: a
protocol for investigating
safe and effective
communication when
patients or clinicians use a
second language. BMC
health services research,
15(1), 371.
Karliner, L. S. (2017).
Increased access to
professional interpreters in
the hospital improves
informed consent for
patients with limited English
proficiency. Journal of
general internal medicine,
32(8), 863-870
Currency 2015 2017
Study findings Professional interpreter
helps in avoiding the
miscommunication between
patient and the health care
staff.
Bedside interpreter in case
of patient suffering from
chronic illness helps in
providing 24 hour health
access to the patient and
assist in quick recovery.
Relevance to objectives The paper is relevant to the
objective as it helps in
identifying that the language
discrepancy affects the
patient care plan.
This paper is relevant as it
helps in identifying the
benefits of using bedside
interpreter and how does it
affect the patient care.
Reliability The article is reliable as it
will yield approximately
same result in further trails.
The article is reliable as bed
side interpreter provides 24
hours access to the patient
and will give similar result
in further trials.
validity The study is valid as the
result obtained meets the
requirement of the research
question.
The study is valid as it
provide the benefit of using
bedside interpreter.
Benefits From the paper, the
limitation that can be caused
due to the language
discrepancy is explained.
The benefit of using bedside
interpreter is explained and
their role in patient care.
Risk Interpreter will not be able
to understand the pain and
sorrow of the like the health
care staff.
Bedside interpreter will not
be able to effectively help
the patient as compared to
the human interpreter.
Feasibility associated with
information
The information will be
applied in the workplace as
it helps in reducing the
miscommunication.
The information will help in
providing 24 hours access to
the patient.

13NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Conclusion From the paper, it can be
concluded that, professional
interpreter helps in
minimising the
miscommunication.
From the paper it can be
concluded that, bedside
interpreter helps in quick
recovery of the patient by
providing 24 hour access.
13) From the detail analysis it was concluded that recruiting professional interpreter was
beneficial for improving the communication skills between the patient and the health care
provider. Different types of interpreter were identified from the study namely video, phone
and bedside interpreter that will help the doctors to understand the patient’s point of view and
effectively understand their issue and help them to recover as soon as possible.
14) The impact derived from the conclusion on the term of duty of care requirements is that
the hospital can arrange interpreter on basis of mother tongue of the patient like if a patient
only understand French and the doctor cannot understand French the hospital should arrange
the interpreter who can efficiently understand French and communicate it to the doctor. The
local interpreter should be present with a general idea of at least 4 different language to help
the patient communicate their perspective and thoughts.
15) The way in which different aspect of information can be used in my hospital is to
undertake a survey and establish a result that shows the requirement of recruiting more
number of interpreter in hospital.
16) From this study I have understood that professional interpreter is very effective in
minimizing the language barrier between the healthcare provider and the patient. My hospital
lack efficient and skilled interpreter hence, many doctors suffer due this barrier and cannot
understand the patient’s point of view. Therefore, I would like my hospital to recruit more
number of professional and skilled interpreter to make treatment and diagnosis of the patient
easy and effective.

14NURSING ASSIGNMENT
17) The bedside interpreter is not present physically instead communicate over phone or any
other media that leads to different problems and issues in communication. Hence, recruiting
of bedside interpreter requires more research and evaluation.
References:
Al-Tawfiq, J. A., & Tambyah, P. A. (2014). Healthcare associated infections (HAI)
perspectives. Journal of infection and public health, 7(4), 339-344.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2014.04.003
Boyce, M. B., Browne, J. P., & Greenhalgh, J. (2014). The experiences of professionals with
using information from patient-reported outcome measures to improve the quality of
healthcare: a systematic review of qualitative research. BMJ Qual saf, 23(6), 508-518.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002524
Brisset, C., Leanza, Y., & Laforest, K. (2013). Working with interpreters in health care: A
systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative studies. Patient education and
counseling, 91(2), 131-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2012.11.008
Fried, E. D. (2014). Hospital-acquired infections. In Patient Safety (pp. 179-195). Springer,
New York, NY. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7419-7_12

15NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Han, J. H., Sullivan, N., Leas, B. F., Pegues, D. A., Kaczmarek, J. L., & Umscheid, C. A.
(2015). Cleaning hospital room surfaces to prevent health care–associated infections:
a technical brief. Annals of internal medicine, 163(8), 598-607. DOI: 10.7326/M15-
1192
Hsieh, E. (2015). Not just “getting by”: factors influencing providers’ choice of interpreters.
Journal of general internal medicine, 30(1), 75-82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-
014-3066-8
Lee, J. S., Pérez-Stable, E. J., Gregorich, S. E., Crawford, M. H., Green, A., Livaudais-
Toman, J., & Karliner, L. S. (2017). Increased access to professional interpreters in
the hospital improves informed consent for patients with limited English proficiency.
Journal of general internal medicine, 32(8), 863-870. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-
017-3983-4
Lion, K. C., Brown, J. C., Ebel, B. E., Klein, E. J., Strelitz, B., Gutman, C. K., ... &
Mangione-Smith, R. (2015). Effect of telephone vs video interpretation on parent
comprehension, communication, and utilization in the pediatric emergency
department: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA pediatrics, 169(12), 1117-1125.
doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.2630
Mason, I. (2017). 14 Models and Methods in Dialogue Interpreting Research. Intercultural
Faultlines: Research Models in Translation Studies: v. 1: Textual and Cognitive
Aspects, 215. Retrieved from: https://books.google.co.in/books?
hl=en&lr=&id=yGxQDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA215&dq=hypothesis+testing+of+
professional+interpreter&ots=3V2Ij9Pqkr&sig=Yl3qhONLMcyuBGzSC63T7nNy-
H8#v=onepage&q=hypothesis%20testing%20of%20professional
%20interpreter&f=false

16NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Meuter, R. F., Gallois, C., Segalowitz, N. S., Ryder, A. G., & Hocking, J. (2015).
Overcoming language barriers in healthcare: a protocol for investigating safe and
effective communication when patients or clinicians use a second language. BMC
health services research, 15(1), 371.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-015-1024-8
Musuuza, J. S., Barker, A., Ngam, C., Vellardita, L., & Safdar, N. (2016). Assessment of
fidelity in interventions to improve hand hygiene of healthcare workers: a systematic
review. infection control & hospital epidemiology, 37(5), 567-575. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.10.039
Rutala, W. A., & Weber, D. J. (2016). Monitoring and improving the effectiveness of surface
cleaning and disinfection. American journal of infection control, 44(5), e69-e76.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.10.039
Sleptsova, M., Hofer, G., Morina, N., & Langewitz, W. (2014). The role of the health care
interpreter in a clinical setting—a narrative review. Journal of community health
nursing, 31(3), 167-184. https://doi.org/10.1080/07370016.2014.926682
Srigley, J. A., Lightfoot, D., Fernie, G., Gardam, M., & Muller, M. P. (2013). Hand hygiene
monitoring technology: protocol for a systematic review. Systematic reviews, 2(1),
101. doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-2-101
Storr, J., Twyman, A., Zingg, W., Damani, N., Kilpatrick, C., Reilly, J., ... & Allegranzi, B.
(2017). Core components for effective infection prevention and control programmes:
new WHO evidence-based recommendations. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection
Control, 6(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-016-0149-9
Zingg, W., Holmes, A., Dettenkofer, M., Goetting, T., Secci, F., Clack, L., ... & Pittet, D.
(2015). Hospital organisation, management, and structure for prevention of health-

17NURSING ASSIGNMENT
care-associated infection: a systematic review and expert consensus. The Lancet
Infectious Diseases, 15(2), 212-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70854-0