Introduction to Nursing Praxis 1 Report: Patient Care Analysis

This report presents an analysis of a nursing praxis case study, focusing on a patient experiencing a transient ischemic attack (TIA) and the challenges faced in providing quality care. The report examines the application of NMBA standards of practice, emphasizing the importance of communication, cultural competence, and patient-centered care. It identifies areas where the patient's needs were not fully met, particularly regarding language barriers and cultural understanding, which hindered effective communication and decreased patient satisfaction. The report discusses the definition of care, the significance of clinical handover, and the application of nursing theories, specifically the patient-centered approach to care. It highlights the importance of compassion, competence, and commitment in nursing practice, while also noting the impact of a lack of cultural competence on the overall quality of care provided. The analysis concludes with recommendations for improving nursing practice, ensuring culturally competent care, and fostering a therapeutic relationship with patients to achieve better health outcomes and increased patient satisfaction.

Running head: Introduction to nursing praxis
Introduction to nursing praxis
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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Introduction to nursing praxis
Introduction
Caring is considered to be a value-based concept both in nursing profession and in
nursing education. A comprehensive understanding of caring and applying this concept in
nursing practice would contribute to the progression of the role of nursing science and the
discipline (Salehian et al., 2017). The NMBA standards of nursing professionals states that
nursing profession requires nurses to practice in a manner that preserves public faith and
confidence. Nurse practitioners are responsible for providing secure, consistent and competent
care for individuals and ensure an effective outcome by delivering high quality care. Ideally, the
nursing professionals are liable for providing secure and efficient treatment and they must ensure
care that is holistic, comprehensive and culturally competent (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au,
2020). Every nurse is responsible for retaining the required skills for current practice. When an
area of care gets delegated, nurses insure that the delegation will not jeopardize the health or
consistency of treatment. The main responsibility of nurses is to make healthcare secure and
professional. The responsible person or agency would be made informed of any conditions that
may impair professional practices or any findings of dubious, unethical or unconstitutional
activity. Thus, in order to deliver a quality care and get an improved outcome, nurses must
practice by adhering to the nursing standards of practice and apply their skill set and adequate
knowledge they possess for improving health outcome of the patient and increase patient’s
satisfaction (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2020). Below is the case study analysis of a patient
who is being treated at a hospital and face significant challenges that not only hindered the
quality of care of the patient but also decreased his satisfaction level. Thus, the paper aims at
identifying the area of care that is being hindered in the case study and recommends for further
nursing implications in order to get an effective outcome.

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Introduction to nursing praxis
Discussion
Section 1:
The definition of care is described in numerous forms in nursing profession.
Philosophical studies and research and hypothesis creation have been conducted in the last
several decades on the definition of care, developed care attitudes and effects of caring for
patients, families, staff, societies and community (Zamanzadeh et al., 2015). Many scientists
have established hypotheses regarding caring because of their relevance to the world of nursing
and human life. As per the NMBA standards of nursing care, every nurse must ensure high
quality care by applying their knowledge, experience, skill and expertise that will help them
achieving a quality outcome. Every individual has unique are needs; it is the responsibility of
the nurses to identify them and develop as well as implement intervention strategies addressing
those healthcare needs of the patient (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2020).
As it is shown in the case study that the nurse who assisted the patient in the ambulance
ensured the patients comfort and delivered a high quality care to the patient. The ambulance was
advanced and contained every necessary things and the nurse assisted Mr. Abbas to improve his
condition. He interacted with him to know if he is facing any difficulties. Following his
admission to the Emergency Department, the nursing students Shahn and Blake, who were in
charge at that time, were given necessary health information about the patient (handover)
(McKechnie, 2015). Nursing handover is necessary since it helps in transformation of patient’s
health information, both subjective and objective, vital signs and other medical information to
another nurse who is responsible for taking care of that patient. Clinical handover makes easier
for the health professionals to get accurate and updated information about the patient health that
further guides the treatment process addressing the health concerns and leads to an effective

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Introduction to nursing praxis
outcome (Wong et al., 2019). Shahn and Blake first introduced themselves to the patient and
interacted with him which is essential in nursing profession. Every nurse must involve
themselves in effective communication in order to understand the patient’s condition more
comprehensively and get a deeper insight of the problem faced by the patient. In addition to the
verbal communication, nurse also show their care and concern towards patient through non-
verbal communication such as a warm gesture and compassionate attitude. According to the
NMBA standards of nursing practice, nurse must ensure therapeutic relationship with patients.
During a therapeutic relationship, the nurse becomes sensitive to the condition of an individual
and works with him actively, incorporating experience and skills of compassion, empathy, and
kindness. The privileges and dignity of the individual are acknowledged and valued in this
relationship (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2020).
The patient had Transient ischemic attack (TIA) which is a brief stroke-like attack that
needs urgent medical care to differentiate from a real stroke although can be resolved within
minutes to hours (Coutts, 2017). A temporary ischemic attack can be a warning sign of a future
stroke. Also, patients experiencing TIA, often exhibits neurological symptoms and thus, the two
nurses Shahn and Blake also checked the patient’s hand strength since; a deficit in strength
implies a neurological insult. They also checked his papillary response and PEARL (Coutts,
2017).
Section 2:
Care in nursing has been stressed as the primary cause of the survival of a nursing career
and as an area of expertise. Most scientists or researchers have been seeking to describe the
theory of care. Nevertheless, Roach (1987) who claims 'caring is the human mode of being.’
comes closer to the real essence of care. According to Roach, caring expresses itself by six Cs–

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Introduction to nursing praxis
compassion, competence, confidence, conscience, commitment, and comportment. Roach
provides caring for patients in six attributes of care with which a nurse can be vigilant. Nursing
practice with these skills help the patient and the families to feel aware of the treatment cycle and
to understand and fully accept the veracity of care. According to Caranto (2015) Caring can be
summed up to take care of another human, one must be able to consider him and his life as if he
were within. He should be willing to see what his life looks like to him through his eyes
(Caranto, 2015).
The patient here, though receives proper treatment and care by all the nurses, he was
facing significant problem in communicating as neither he understood their language, nor they
could comprehend what he wants to communicate. Also, as a result of unavailability of separate
rooms, he was kept with another patient who was annoyed and irritated with Mr. Abbas.
However, the other patient in the same room called for the nurse to assist him as he wanted help.
Upon calling, the nurse came and tried to help the patient, however, due to the language barrier,
he could not understand what he actually wants. The nurse also failed to comprehend non verbal
signals shown y the patient. Nevertheless, upon knowing he wanted water, the nurse offered him
for giving wet swab as he was not allowed to drink water. Thus, it can be noted that he showed
compassion and sympathy towards the patient. Nurse working in the clinical settings must
possess adequate skill set and core competencies required to ensure an effective and high quality
care. Nurses, here, cared for the patient and performed all medical procedures that ensured a
better outcome. However, the only attribute that was lacking in the patients care was cultural
competence. The nurses were unable to understand the patient’s language that was acting as a
barrier in giving quality care. According to the NMBA standards of nursing care, while preparing
and delivering efficient nursing services, nurses adhere with the requirements of culturally

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Introduction to nursing praxis
informed and professional treatment. It requires proper respect and concern for the cultural
understanding, values, interests, personal desires and actions of the individuals being cared for,
as well as their families, family members and other representatives of their defined social
network (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2020).
Section 3:
Nursing is both theoretical as well as practical discipline. Nursing philosophy guides
action by having nurses explain their principles and attitudes regarding public safety systems and
by gaining knowledge regarding nursing care approaches (Aliakbari et al., 2015). It has been
suggested that nursing ideas are idealistic and unrealistic, and that nursing practice is guided by
evidence-based Practice (EBP). In response to these ideas, McCrae (2012) claimed that nursing
theories are as essential as EBP. Nursing theory helps nurses to recognize and assess their vital
function in various healthcare settings (McCrae, 2012). Nurses should therefore value both an
EBP as well as a theory driven practice in nursing, as a connection is essential for the
advancement of information between theory, experience and research. Nursing Theory-Guided
Practice (NTGP) defines forecasts and discusses the pattern of nursing which allows it easier for
nurses to recognize the essence of health care. It is a resource that helps to dispel
misconceptions, understand, understand, think objectively and make good decisions (Younas &
Quennell, 2019).
Theories in nursing practice have the smallest scope and complexity degree and are built
for application in a broad spectrum in treatment scenarios. The theories of clinical practice
include explanations and forecast the results and effects of nursing research. There is minimal
scope for such theories and a small portion of a problem is analyzed. Theories in nursing practice
are commonly described in a specific group or specialty (McEwen & Wills, 2014).

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Introduction to nursing praxis
There are a number of theories that describes nursing care, of which, the theory of
interest is “Patient centered approach to care”. As a predominant approach to high quality health-
care, patient-centered focus (PCC) was originated. New strategy stresses patient-
nurse relationships, respects patient preferences and beliefs, encourages versatility in healthcare
delivery, and aims to step past conventional paternalism in the delivery of healthcare. Therefore,
the PCC approach acknowledges a patient's interest and beliefs in the well-being, in relation to
the practical dimensions of healthcare Studies have proven that fooling a patient centered
approach to care has lead to quality outcomes and an increased satisfaction (Fix et al., 2017).
Conclusion
Although, they were delivering a high quality care, they failed to provide him cultural
competent car which is a vital aspect of patient centered approach. According to NMBA
standards of practice, the registered nurse must value all cultures and perspectives, particularly
the position of the community and family that underpins the wellbeing of people from diverse
cultural background. RN will clearly express and support the independence, history, values,
beliefs and freedoms of individuals. They must promotes effectively a community of protection
and learning between health practitioners and other individuals, exchanging knowledge and
experience promoting person-centered care. As per the NMBA standards, Patient-centered care
is a collaborative relationship founded on shared trust and appreciation by effective
communication. Patient is viewed as an individual in order to preserve their own health
privileges and needs, while respecting their privacy and encouraging their decision.

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