HLT54115 Diploma of Nursing: Simulation Based Assessment Task 2

This assignment, a Simulation Based Assessment Task 2, analyzes two key hazards within healthcare settings: infection and manual handling. The student identifies the hazards, describes their associated risks and potential consequences (ranging from minor to catastrophic), and assesses the likelihood of their occurrence. For each hazard, the assignment provides detailed risk ratings and outlines control measures, including hand hygiene, quarantine, and the use of mechanical aids. The analysis follows a structured approach, considering immediate and long-term impacts, and references relevant literature to support the proposed solutions. The assignment highlights the importance of proactive measures and organizational strategies to mitigate risks and ensure a safe working environment for healthcare professionals and patients.

Running Head: Simulation Based Assessment task 2 1
Simulation Based Assessment task 2
Student’s Name
Institution
Date

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 2
Simulation Based Assessment Task 2
Description of
hazard and
associated risk
consequence Likelihood Risk Rating Control
measures
Infection
Hazard
This is a hazard
that occurs when
an individual is
exposed to
infectious
organisms that re
found in
organizations
such as health
care facilities. In
health care
facilities, the
workers get
exposed to
infectious
Catastrophic
Includes fatality
or permanent
disability.
Infectious
diseases can
cause several
deaths within a
less period of
time.
Its effects can
also make
people disabled.
Almost certain,
the event is
almost certain to
occur within a
year
Such infections
must occur in
organizations
within one year.
For example,
infections
associated with
surgery have
been
increasingly
reported.
Extreme –
requires
immediate
assessment with
management
consideration. A
detailed plan,
regular
monitoring and
reporting is
required with a
target resolution
within a
timeframe of a
month.
There are
various
measures that
are used to
prevent and
control the
spread of
infectious
hazards,
("Infection
Control," 2019).
The measures
include washing
of hands, use of
the infection
control standard,
use quarantine of

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 3
organisms,
become infected
or carriers of the
infection. they
then spread the
infection to other
members of staff
or patients.
These infections
are also called
nosocomial
infections. Some
of the infectious
organisms is
Methicillin –
resistant
staphylococcus
aureus. The
diseases from
infections
include Hepatitis
A, B and C,
Brucellosis,
contacts when
necessary in the
places of work,
prophylaxis of
the individuals
infected,
droplets and
airborne
precautions and
controlling the
vectors that
bring the
infections.
In health care
settings,
disinfection and
sterilization can
be used,
ensuring hand
hygiene,
isolation
precautions and
infection control

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 4
tuberculosis,
avian flu and
legionella
infections,
(Zumla,
Behrens, &
Memish, 2012).
The risk
associated is the
risk of
contracting the
infectious
disease through
work. The risk
may be as a
result of
exposure as
innate part of the
job or incidental
exposure.
of the
environment.
Providing a one
– use equipment
to avoid re-use,
Developing and
implementing
safe procedures
in the places of
work, (Bearman,
Munoz-Price,
Morgan, &
Murthy, 2017).
Lastly, another
control measure
is post exposure
procedure where
those exposed to
the hazards
should be
counselled on
the risk of
transmission and

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 5
the disease
development,
(Fowler, 2019).
Manual
handling
hazard
Manual handling
hazards results
from manual
handling work.
In manual
handling work,
people lift, carry,
push, move,
restrain or pull
something. It
occurs mostly in
the
environments of
work such as
hospitals, hotels,
building sites,
Major: lost time
injury greater
than two weeks
In this case,
manual handling
hazards may
cause cuts,
bruises, fractures
through
accidents which
may take a long
period of time to
recover.
When the
musculoskeletal
body’s system
gets damaged
due to repetitive
Likely: The
event is likely to
occur within a
year
Manual handling
occurs almost
daily in places of
work. There are
very many
factors that can
lead to
occurrence of
manual handling
risks within a
day. Many cases
of the risks
resulting from
manual handling
High – requires
immediate
assessment with
senior staff
consideration,
planning and
reporting. Target
resolution
should ideally be
within 3 months.
Because manual
handling can
lead to serious
injuries, injuries
should
immediately be
reported and the
contributing
Hierarchy of
control can be
used to control
manual
handling
hazards. This
includes
completely
eliminating the
risk by removing
the action that
brings injuries
completely. For
example, a fork
lift may be used
to lift bulk bags
of stock.
Another control
measure is

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 6
farms and
offices amongst
others,
(Mutshakambi,
2019).
Manual
handling turns
hazardous when
a person uses
high force,
sustains an
awkward
posture, uses
repetitive
movements, gets
exposed to
sustained
vibration,
lifts, pushes or
pulls unbalanced
loads and/ or
handles people
or animals.
wear and tear,
there arises
musculoskeletal
disorders which
takes long to
recover and
treating them is
expensive. This
includes lower
limb disorders,
back injuries,
back pain, neck
and upper limb
disorders.
have been
reported within a
year’s period.
This happens
mostly due to
lack of
experience
amongst new
workers.
factors
eliminated
within a short
period. For
example, heavy
machines for
lifting heavy
loads should be
purchased within
a period of not
more than 3
months to reduce
chances of
physical
handling of
luggage.
changing the
workplace
layout, the work
systems or the
environment.
what is being
used for work
can also be
changed such as
mechanical aids.
Employees
should be given
information,
instructions or
training on how
to minimize the
injurie’s risks.
Manual handling
tasks should be
organized in a
safe way, where
loads should be
split into smaller

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 7
Hazardous
manual handling
leads to risk of
injuries called
MSDs
(musculoskeletal
disorders).
Examples
include sprains
and strains,
hernias, back
injuries, chronic
pain and soft –
tissue injuries in
wrists,
shoulders, neck,
arms or legs,
("WorkSafe," ).
ones and there
should be
provision of
proper resting
periods.
Organizational
measures should
be employed that
make manual
handling a
simple task.

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 8
References
Bearman, G., Munoz-Price, S., Morgan, D. J., & Murthy, R. K. (2017). Infection Prevention:
New Perspectives and Controversies. Basingstoke, MO: Springer.
Fowler, G. C. (2019). Pfenninger and Fowler's Procedures for Primary Care E-Book. St. Louis,
MO: Elsevier Health Sciences.

Simulation Based Assessment Task 2 9
Infection Control. (2019, October 2). Retrieved from https://www.sfcdcp.org/communicable-
disease/infection-control-practices/
Mutshakambi, C. (2019). An Assessment of Manual Handling Hazards at a Mechanical
Workshop. A Case Study of National Railways of Zimbabwe, Bulawayo. Munich,
Germany: GRIN Verlag.
WorkSafe. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/hazardous-manual-handling-
safety-basics
Zumla, A., Behrens, R. H., & Memish, Z. (2012). Travel Medicine, An Issue of Infectious
Disease Clinics - E-Book. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Health Sciences.