A Systematic Review of Simulation's Effectiveness in Nursing Education

This report presents a systematic review investigating the effectiveness of simulation in nursing education. The research aims to analyze how simulation can substitute clinical placement and benefit future nurses. The project explores the research questions of how simulation is effective in place of clinical placement and its benefits for nurses' preparation, with objectives to understand stimulation in healthcare, ascertain benefits for future nurses, and determine the effectiveness of simulation instead of clinical placement. The background includes literature review, which provides an overview of simulation's role in healthcare, its impact on skills development, and its cost-effectiveness. The methodology outlines the approach for the systematic review, including the timescale, feasibility, and ethical considerations. The expected outcomes include insights into the effectiveness of simulation as a learning method and its impact on nurses' clinical skills and career opportunities. The report also discusses the potential of simulation to improve patient outcomes by enhancing diagnostic accuracy and reducing medication errors, supported by existing literature on the topic. The hypothesis is that simulation is effective in nursing education as a replacement for clinical placement hours. The report also includes a GANTT chart to show the timeline for the project.

Assessment
(Protocol)

Contents
Project Title & RQ...........................................................................................................................2
Research questions.................................................................................................................2
Purpose of the project.............................................................................................................2
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Research aim..........................................................................................................................3
Research objectives................................................................................................................4
Background......................................................................................................................................4
Literature review....................................................................................................................4
Methodology....................................................................................................................................8
Timescale for proposed plan (GANTT chart)......................................................................11
Feasibility of the project.......................................................................................................12
Ethical considerations...........................................................................................................12
Possible/Expected outcomes..........................................................................................................13
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Project Title & RQ
“A Systematic review on the effectiveness of simulation in nursing education.”
Research questions
In Context of this investigation, the research question is “how the simulation is effective in
substitution of clinical placement and how it is beneficial for the preparation of future nurses?”
Research objectives
 To develop understanding and knowledge about stimulation in the field of healthcare
sector.
 To ascertain several benefits that future nurses can obtain through stimulation.
 To determine effectiveness of stimulation instead of clinical placement in healthcare
sector.
Purpose of the project
In context of this project, it has a purpose of analysing effectiveness of simulation for making
nursing students more capable in terms of gaining appropriate placement opportunities. It is well
known that effective job opportunities can be gained only when a candidate bear extra talent in
nursing field and high knowledge level. However, simulation based training can be considered as
an effective learning method to develop practical clinical skills at learning level which helps to
create appropriate career opportunities in nursing. It is required to evaluate effectiveness and
benefits of simulation in terms of educating nursing students so that it can be adopted by tutors.
In addition to this, it has a reason to conduct investigation for evaluating effectiveness of
simulation in terms of increasing skills of accurate diagnosing among nurses that helps to reduce
chance of occurring drug errors. It is an important aspect that is required to be eliminated from
healthcare sector in terms of improving patient outcomes. Meanwhile, it is essential to carry out
study for gaining an evidence to prove simulation as a potential technique to develop practice
skills among nursing students to deliver effective care in future for patient better health.
Introduction
Simulation based training refer to organise similar structure and equipment which are available
at hospitals to deal with patients. It is favourable to provide practical knowledge as well as
training to care nursing students which make efficient practitioners in future. Basically, it is
observed that theoretical knowledge is not sufficient because it requires skills and experiences to
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apply theoretical knowledge in practice way appropriately. It is not possible for every person to
apply clinical practices in effective manner initially. Simulation based training is much effective
to make nursing students capable to acquire clinical practical skills and capabilities which helps
to deliver accurate care facilities in future. It has been analysed that effective skills and abilities
can be developed among nursing students by providing them practical training which crate
potential decision making skill. It is observed that decision making skill and conducting complex
clinical procedures is not possible on the basis of theoretical knowledge because it has risk of
occurring mistakes. However, simulation based training play an important role to enhance
capabilities of student through they get clinical placement at reputed hospital. Moreover, it will
provide support to not only increase skills among nurses but also facilitate to develop better
career opportunities.
On the other hand, it is observed that simulation training is beneficial for future career of nursing
students that helps to gain appropriate career opportunities. It is favourable to develop more
effective as well as efficient abilities of students which create various opportunities for them to
gain internship and job opportunities respectively. Basically, it is beneficial for them to gain
initial experience of working at learning which is helpful to make them perfect healthcare
professionals. It is very important for medical practitioners to accurately convert theoretical
knowledge into clinical activities that can be possible with the help of providing simulation
based. It includes the utilisation of innovative equipment and machines through which accurate
diagnosing procedures can be learned by nursing students which is helpful to make correct
records of assessed health problem of patients. It will facilitate to establish appropriate treatment
decisions in order to deliver care services for wellbeing of an individual. However, it is
necessary for tutors to adopt simulation based training for boosting up their knowledge level as
well as clinical skills accordingly. It is also favourable to clear all the nursing concepts for using
technological equipment and make accurate assessment of diseases that helps to deliver correct
treatment for welfare of patients.
Research aim
In this research, the aim is “to analyse the effectiveness of simulation in substitution of clinical
placement and how it is beneficial for the preparation of future nurses”.
This aim is required to fulfil by evaluating the effectiveness of simulation method for gaining
evidence in order to implement the same in medical colleges. It is beneficial to develop better
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career opportunities for nursing students to gain appropriate clinical placement respectively.
However, this aim considers a respective research objective which is required to be addressed by
analysing relevant information along with evaluating authors. View point to gain appropriate
findings. It is necessary to conduct investigation so that tutors feel comfortable to use method
simulation for nursing students.
Hypothesis:
Null hypothesis (Ho): Simulation is not effective in nursing education in replacement of clinical
placement hours.
Alternative hypothesis (HA): Simulation is effective in nursing education in replacement of
clinical placement hours.
Research objectives
In respect of this research, the objective required to be addressed in literature is “to analyse the
effectiveness of simulation in substitution of clinical placement and how it is beneficial for the
preparation of future nurses”.
 To develop understanding and knowledge about stimulation in the field of healthcare
sector.
 To ascertain several benefits that future nurses can obtain through stimulation.
 To determine effectiveness of stimulation instead of clinical placement in healthcare
sector.
Background
In context of this investigation, it is based on a systematic review on the effectiveness of
simulation in nursing education. It includes identifying effective benefits that can be achieved by
simulation based training in order to improve skills and clinical knowledge among nursing
students respectively. This study will focus on to analyse the effectiveness of simulation in
substitution of clinical placement and how it is beneficial for the preparation of future nurses. It
will also include information about appropriate learning by using innovative technological
equipment and machines to improve clinical abilities of patients. In this research, it has also
going to be analysed the effectiveness of adopting simulation method rather than clinical
placement within healthcare sector. This research will help in developing understanding about
the concept of simulation and its benefits for the growth and development of nurses.
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Literature review
To develop understanding and knowledge about stimulation in the field of healthcare sector
As per the point of view of “Abdulmohsen H.A-Elq”(2017) Development of simulation based
medical learning and understanding is good for healthcare sectors. Simulation refers to the
artificial representation of real things. Simulation is good teaching source in medical or
healthcare sector this provide practical knowledge of operations and treatments to medical
students and professionals. Simulation is used to replicate hospital or clinical scenarios for
medical students this is an effective technique in sequence to provide proper understanding and
knowledge of medical work. This reduce risk of medical students while they do their practical
work. Simulation allow students to acquire clinical knowledge or skills by practicing rather than
only learning. Simulation tool is used by professionals because this provide alternative to real
patients. This tool is really helpful for trainee or students with this they can make mistakes
without harming the patients. In context of medical field, it is said that simulation plays very
crucial role along with the expensive cost of its implementation. It is one of the most expensive
methodology used by medical staff in order to enhance the performance and skill of individuals.
But on the other hand, it has also been said that if simulation is implemented in an effective
manner within medical sector it will create positive impact. There is different type of simulation
tools in market and their costs are different according to their design and quality but they used by
every type of health or medical sector.
It has been analysed by examining different views and opinions of individuals that Simulation
based learning is not cheap it is really expensive and really effective. This is used to provide
proper practical knowledge of medical or healthcare sector to students. Simulation tools have
various benefits like when student use this they get practical knowledge and this reduce the risk,
and with this patient safety is increase and also decrease the cost healthcare products by
providing competencies to medical students. It has been said that it requires lot of money in
order to implement simulation based learning within the workplace and requires expertise
knowledge and understanding about the topic. Healthcare sector provide training to make sure
that students have essential learning and understanding opportunities and use simulation tools to
assessed the training. Simulation tool improve psychomotor skills of medical students.
Simulation is modern technique and now a day’s medical sector only use this technique because
professional and doctors are concern for patient safety and change in system of health or medical
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care. Simulation is used by medical sector from many years to give practical knowledge and as a
teaching tool. Simulation is now used in various sectors in sequence to provide education and
training to reduce the high risk. Recently immersing growth is seen in medical sector of clinical
skill training and for to provide this training medical sector use simulation tools. In simulation a
particular condition or situation is created by professionals or doctors to provide training to
medical students in proper manner. Simulation tools create actual or real situation and provide
real time experience to students this increase the rate of safety of patients. A simulation tool
authorizes the doctor to represent or reproduce training under test situations occurrence in actual
performance. Simulation based teaching technique in medical sector represent replicated
scenario of clinical training. Simulation is experiment based learning this is an active process
during which students gain knowledge by generating new information by using this tool. With
the help of simulation tool students of medical sector acquire important or essential knowledge
and skills. Simulation technique also help in improving communication, teamwork, decision-
making and risk management to students.
To ascertain several benefits that future nurses can obtain through stimulation
According to “Carol Flower Durham” (2016) Simulation is very effective tool which is used in
medical and healthcare sector to provide complete knowledge with practical to medical students.
This tool provides various benefits to nurses and medical students like this tool promote safety
with education with the help of patient simulator. Simulation tool also help in preventing
medication errors. Medication errors generally occur and condition prepared with simulation tool
is help in reducing this error. Professionals told that medication error is very risky so it is
important or in the hand of professional to provide advance knowledge about these errors to
nurses so they can reduce or prevent from medication error in future. These errors occur due to
similar drug names and nurses need proper knowledge of drugs to gain the advantage.
Medication management is important aspect of nursing practice and professionals concern
teaching safe medication to nurses. Simulation also develop critical thinking & clinical decision-
making skills. Nurses have to think critically and implement their knowledge effectively to get
benefits of simulation. Simulation technique provides alternative to nurses of traditional teaching
technique and this emphasis on learning with practice and develop critical thinking in nurses and
also improve decision-making skills in them. Therefore, it has been concluded that simulation
help in the overall growth and development of a medical student with the help of which they can
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easily grab opportunities at the competitive environment. Along with this, by learning through
simulation process it has been concluded that they can easily handle situation arise at the
workplace when they work as a professional nurses.
Apart from this it has also been identified that with the help of simulation, it can easily be
understood that it will aid in reducing the negative influence of health services. Simulation
teaching technique is express with patient simulators and allow students or nurses to handle the
critical situation which develop or create by professionals to teach nurses and medical students
effective technique. Use of patient simulators provide proper and structured experience instead
of finding appropriate patient care opportunities in medical care. By implementing simulation
technique in an effective manner within medical sector, it can be said that major benefits will be
gain by nurses and medical students as their practical knowledge and educational understanding
will be enhanced. Along with this, it has been identified that by doing practical practises related
to health care can enhance the learning and experience of nurses which help them in reducing the
bad effects or errors while providing treatment to the patients. Simulation also promote proper or
effective communication. Sometime at the time of practice or training some event occur which
involve miscommunication. In sequence to improve such situations and miscommunication
professionals create such situation with the help of simulation which involve proper
communication. Communication is essential element in medical sector, there is need of proper
communication if nurses or students don’t want to spread risk or chance of misfortune. As a
result, if all the techniques implemented by the medical institution are communicated by them to
every student in an effective manner so that they become familiar with the technique in an
appropriate way.
To determine effectiveness of stimulation instead of clinical placement in healthcare sector.
According to “J. Kim” (2016) Simulation is more helpful rather than the clinical placement in the
centre of healthcare. The most important steps taken in the healthcare centre by the simulation
are teaching and learning here by the term simulation refer to the artificial representation in this
real world. These simulations give medical education a new definition and an easier way of
learning the new things with help of it. Healthcare simulation allow the acquisition of clinical
skills through different style of learning. Simulation is the tool to serve as a real patient. It is said
that nursing education use simulation in different form in order to teach principles as
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well as skills of nursing care to them in an effective manner and in a realistic
manner. For this, by adopting simulation technique health care tutor provide
models of anatomic parts, full body mannequins along with different computer-
based learning sessions in order to provide training to the students so they become
professional nurses in near future. Along with this, it will assist them in learning
new things without any fear that the patient will be harmed if their treatment goes
wrong. Present interest in the term simulation in context of clinical teaching tool is
very common and gain huge attention as it provides ample number of benefits to
both patient as well as to the health care sector.
With the aid of examining different view point of researchers it has been observed that, somehow
simulation is a expensive process but it can also say to be the proper utilization of money in
healthcare centre to learn it. By implementing simulation in an effective and appropriate manner
help in creating positive results within given time frame. All is needed experience, expertise
knowledge and good understanding about the topic. Whereby the healthcare simulation has been
found to enhance the clinical placement. The education of the healthcare goes through with the
revolution with the effectiveness of simulation. According to the students of medical Centre
without simulation they found their studies are incomplete. The healthcare training programs
should sure that students must have the important learning opportunities by the suitable
simulation method. It is also seen that the simulation plays an important role in increasing the
number of students in stream of healthcare centre because it is a better way of learning. It is said
that, human patient simulation define as one of the latest as well as new teaching
method which assist learners in order to develop their knowledge, improve their
understanding, skills and knowledge in a realistic clinical condition as every
individual associate with medical care take part in the learning sessions which is
mainly designed to meet and fulfil the requirements and demands of education
related to near future. It has also been said that learners and students take
participation in simulation method for patient care within a particular clinical
situation, enhancing experience, improve learning as well as refining skills and
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competencies. All these elements can be attained without having fear of harming a
patient.
Methodology
In order to conduct an investigation in an effective manner, it has been identified that for
collecting data and information there are different types of methods which are required by the
researcher. With the help of adopting research methodology effectively, it is concluded that
investigator needs to adopt all the method properly and in a systematic way. It has been said that
there are various sort of research methods used by researcher so that they can gather all the
required information in an authentic and accurate manner. In order to complete a investigation,
research methodology is one of the most essential as well as effective method which provide
guidance to conclude results in an effective and appropriate manner. Here are some important
methods for collecting information which are discussed in a detail manner as follows:
Qualitative research method
When an investigation is going to be conducted by the researcher, it is essential for them to
adopt some techniques and methods so that they can gather information in more effective and
systematic manner. It has been said that there are two main kinds of investigation techniques
which consist of quantitative and qualitative research method. Both these investigations help in
analysing and determining all the information which is collected by the researcher in a
systematic and appropriate manner. In context of qualitative investigation method, it has been
said that all the data will be able to collect by the researcher by using theoretical framework.
Apart from this, this method gives value to the human perception, view point of individuals as
well as opinion of people so that all the information will be able to collected by them in more
appropriate manner. In the context of present investigation, it has been said that qualitative
research methodology is adopted by the researcher so that they will be able to gain authentic and
accurate outcome within stipulated duration.
Descriptive research design
It has been analysed that it is very crucial for a researcher to design the whole investigation in
proper manner so that they can easily conduct the whole research in a well structured manner and
produce positive outcomes. Therefore, it is essential for the researchers to formulate a structure
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in such a manner that the whole investigation will be concluded in an effective way. For this,
three main kind of research design are there which are explanatory, descriptive as well as
exploratory. These are the research design usually adopted by the investigator which will assist
in creating best and most suitable structure for the whole research. In reference to the current
investigation, investigator is going to adopt descriptive research design so that the whole
research will be completed in an appropriate manner. Main aim for the researchers to adopt this
design is that it will provide effective theoretical structure for the whole investigation. This will
help researchers in order to produce positive outcomes with the help of gathered information in
an appropriate and effective manner.
Data collection methods
For collecting data and information it is said that there are two types of data collection method
used by researcher so that they can conclude whole research effectively. These two methods are
primary as well as secondary method which assist investigators in order to gather required
information in an appropriate and faster manner. In context of primary method, it is said that all
the information collected by researchers are fresh and raw which is gathered by them by
adopting different sources. These sources includes questionnaire, survey, online polls and many
more. On the other hand, talking about secondary method for collecting data helps in gathering
information which are already existing. It consists of books, online articles, newspaper, journals
and so on. In the present research, investigators adopt both primary and secondary data collection
method where in case of primary method questionnaire is prepared by them and in relation to
secondary method analysis of views and opinions of different authors are conducted in the
literature review section. It has also been said that primary data collection method is costly and
time consuming but help in providing fresh data and information whereas in reference to
secondary method of data collection it has been identified that it is time and cost effective as well
as provide authentic and accurate information within stipulated time frame.
Inductive research approach
There are two types of investigation approaches used by the researcher in order to complete the
whole research in an effective, systematic and ethical manner. These approaches are inductive
and deductive approaches used by researcher to perform all their functions in more effective and
appropriate manner. In reference to the present investigation, researcher use inductive approach
and the main reason behind choosing this technique is that it help in creating positive and well
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defined conclusion of the whole investigation in an effective, ethical as well as systematic
manner. Apart from this, another major benefits of the approach is that it assist in dividing
whole research investigation into various small sections so that the whole research will be
completed in an appropriate manner and within limited time period. In addition to this, another
reason for selecting this approach is that it aid qualitative methodology and help in gathering all
the data and information in more effective and appropriate manner.
Sampling method
It refers to the most important process by which investigator can easily select their sample
population for conducting the whole investigation in an effective and appropriate manner.
Mainly there are two sort of sampling methods which includes probabilistic and non probabilistic
methods. In the context of present investigation, it is said that investigator selects probabilistic
method of sampling. It has also been said that the main aim for choosing this method of sampling
is that it help in providing equal and unbiased opportunity to each and every individuals from the
large number of population which as a result increase the changes of developing positive result
of the investigation in an appropriate manner.
Timescale for proposed plan (GANTT chart)
A Gantt chart is a presentation or graphical analysis which includes bar chart shows the
time taken for conducting the whole research. It refers to a tool adopted by investigator so that
they can easily identify the whole schedule of the research in an effective manner. Gantt Chart
was introduced by Henry Gantt in the year 1917. This technique helps in showcasing the time period
included in conducting the research with the help of graphical illustration which as a result assist in
developing plan, creating coordinate as well as tracking specific tasks included in a project. Therefore, it can
easily be said that Gantt chart can easily depicts the success of the investigation.
Activity 2019 2020
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan
Choose Research Area
Preliminary Research
Decide research question &
methodology
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