NUTR73-701 Nutrition Research: Literature Review on Dietetics

This document presents a literature review focusing on the background of nutrition and dietetics, particularly in the context of cancer management. It highlights the significance of nutrition in preventing and managing cancer-related malnutrition, referencing research articles that explore various malnutrition screening tools such as MUST, PG-SGA, and MST. The review identifies limitations in existing research, including validation issues, patient selection biases, and the focus on nutritional factors without considering underlying disorders. The research aims to address gaps in understanding the optimal screening and intervention strategies for malnutrition in cancer patients, emphasizing the need for validated tools and timely screening practices in healthcare facilities. Desklib offers a wealth of resources including past papers and solved assignments to aid students in their studies.

Running head: NUTRITION AND DIETETIC
BACKGROUND (NUTRITION AND DIETETICS)
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

1NUTRITION AND DIETETIC
Background
Cancer is one of the deadliest disorders that the humankind is facing throughout this
century as in the year 2015; more than 9 million people died due to cancer and associated
disorders. The World Health Organization published a report in which it mentioned that 40% of
the cancer conditions could be prevented by maintaining the diet and nutrition of the patient
(Stewart and Wild, 2017). The reason presented there was related to malnutrition condition,
which occurs in patients, that undergoes harsh medical treatments such as radiotherapy,
chemotherapy. This was named as cancer management in which the malnutrition related
condition of the patient is screened so that identification can be carried out. In this research
project, this management of cancerous condition was determined using several research articles.
Guaitoli, Jansma and de Vet (2014) conducted research on Malnutrition Universal Screening
Tool, the Nutritional Risk Screening, the scored Patient-Generated Subjective Global
Assessment (PG-SGA) as well as the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) in the healthcare
settings. Bole´o-Tome et al. (2012) conducted research to determine the validity of MUST
screening tool in determining the malnourished condition in cancer patients. On the other hand,
Bauer, Capra and Ferguson (2002) conducted a complete research to determine the PG-SGA
screening tool in determining the malnutrition condition in cancer patients. However, the
researcher did not included the fact that PG-SGA requires high level training and practice prior
to application in healthcare facilities and throughout the world, there are few healthcare facilities
where trained healthcare facilities are present for such screening tool. Therefore, MUST is the
screening tool which can be used as alternative for the malnutrition screening purpose in the
heloathcare facilities.

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Validation is the only issue or controversy the healthcare facilities around the world as
there are several healthcare facilities such as residential homes, care centers are serving for
patients suffering from cancer. Therefore, they should be provided with proper screening tools or
interventions using which they can determine the nutritional status of their patients. Such
research was conducted by Guaitoli, Jansma and de Vet (2014) to test the validity of all the
screening tools starting from PG-SGA to MUST and then determined their effectiveness by
comparing them to each other. However, the healthcare facilities were not sure about that when
they can screen their patients for malnutrition, and found that malnutrition can occur after the
first chemotherapy or radiotherapy session as well (Muscaritoli et al., 2017). However, these
mentioned researches were comprised of several limitations. Such as involvement of screening
tools that was not validated for comparison (Leuenberger, Kurmann & Stanga, 2010),
involvement of patients who were readmitted in the care facility (Barthelemy et al., 2014),
including only nutritional factor, where disorder is the prime and prevalent factor can be the
reason for malnutrition associated condition (Shaw et al., 2015). Therefore, these gaps were
identified in the literature review section. Further, in this section, a summary of all the research
findings was also presented.

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References
Barthelemy, N., Streel, S., Donneau, A. F., Coucke, P., Albert, A., & Guillaume, M. (2014).
Screening for malnutrition in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Supportive
Care in Cancer, 22(6), 1531-1536.
Bauer, J., Capra, S., & Ferguson, M. (2002). Use of the scored Patient-Generated Subjective
Global Assessment (PG-SGA) as a nutrition assessment tool in patients with
cancer. European journal of clinical nutrition, 56(8), 779.
Boléo-Tomé, C., Monteiro-Grillo, I., Camilo, M., &Ravasco, P. (2012). Validation of the
malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) in cancer. British Journal of
Nutrition, 108(2), 343-348.
Guaitoli, P. R., Jansma, E. P., & de Vet, H. C. (2014). Nutrition screening tools: does one size fit
all? A systematic review of screening tools for the hospital setting. Clinical
nutrition, 33(1), 39-58.
Leuenberger, M., Kurmann, S., &Stanga, Z. (2010). Nutritional screening tools in daily clinical
practice: the focus on cancer. Supportive care in cancer, 18(2), 17-27
Muscaritoli, M., Lucia, S., Farcomeni, A., Lorusso, V., Saracino, V., Barone, C., ... & Chiurazzi,
B. (2017). Prevalence of malnutrition in patients at first medical oncology visit: the
PreMiO study. Oncotarget, 8(45), 79884.
Stewart, B. W. K. P., & Wild, C. P. (2017). World cancer report 2014. Health.

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