Nutritional Therapeutics: Weekly Reflective Questions (CAM312A)

This assignment comprises a student's responses to weekly reflective questions in a nutritional therapeutics course (CAM312A). The questions cover a range of clinical scenarios and dietary considerations, including the management of reactive hypoglycemia and type 2 diabetes, the impact of vegetarian diets on blood pressure, nutritional treatments for iron deficiency anemia, dietary approaches for osteoarthritis, the paleo diet and acne, the role of dairy in kidney stone formation, dietary considerations for dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, the benefits of a vegetarian diet for endometriosis, preconception care, and the management of gestational diabetes. Each week's response provides insights into dietary interventions and their impact on various health conditions, supported by relevant research and references.

Running head: GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT
Nutritional Therapeutics
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT
Week 1
While managing the condition of the patient with reactive hypoglycaemia (25 yo) and
the patients with advanced type 2 diabetes (65 yp male), the dietary approach must be
different from each other. In case of managing the condition of reactive hypoglycaemia the
“15-15” rule can be applied and according to this rule the patient must eat 15 grams of fast-
acting carbs and after 15 minutes, the individual must check the glucose level. Along with
this, it is important to mention that this process must be continued till the blood sugar level of
70mg/dl (Grant et al., 2018). For managing the obesity condition of the patient, the patient
must be instructed for performing physical exercises as consumption of sugar is unavoidable
for the patient due to the reactive hypoglycaemic condition of the patient. On the other hand
for managing the advanced diabetes condition, dietary intervention (prohibition of sweetened
beverages consumption and healthy green vegetables are highly recommended) and exercise
program can be recommended (Botros et al., 2014).
Reference
Botros, N., Rijnaarts, I., Brandts, H., Bleumink, G., Janssen, I., & de Boer, H. (2014). Effect
of carbohydrate restriction in patients with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after Roux-
en-Y gastric bypass. Obesity surgery, 24(11), 1850-1855.
Grant, B., Bonner, C., Lee, Y. N., William, A., Tanday, R., Hawkins, A., ... & Nikookam, K.
(2018). Reactive hypoglycaemia-a debilitating condition. In 20th European Congress of
Endocrinology (Vol. 56). BioScientifica.
Week 2
For the patient of elevated blood pressure, it is very crucial to manage the condition as it may
cause severe cardiovascular problems in the patients. In this case, the patient is under the age

2GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT
group of 67 year and in various studies, it is stated that the with growing age chances of
having cardiovascular problems are very common. In this context, it can be stated that the
suggestion of the patient’s friend is quite effective. According to the article of (Pilis et al.
2014), it is reported that the consumption of vegetarian diet is very effective in reducing the
chances of coronary artery disease and it is reported that the vegetarians have 22% lower
risks of having coronary heart disease. However, it is also true that the vegetarians have
higher chances of having stroke than the meat-eaters. Hence, no such huge potential
advantages is present in case of vegetarian diet practice.
Reference
Pilis, W., Stec, K., Zych, M., & Pilis, A. (2014). Health benefits and risk associated with
adopting a vegetarian diet. Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny, 65(1).
Week 3
According to the study of (Lopez et al. 2016), it is stated that around the world, the
cases of iron deficiency anaemia is one of the major problems in various countries of the
world. In this regard, it can be stated that to manage this condition, consumption of oral
supplements along with supplementary diet plan are very common. In this regard, it can be
stated that, daily consumption of oral irons, vitamins such as folate, vitamin A, Vitamin B12,
vitamin E, vitamin C, Zinc can be effective in managing the iron deficiency condition of the
patient. Another important dietary intervention for the iron deficiency problem is
enhancement of food variety by nutritional education program. Moreover, use of iron‐pot
during cooking is also recommended to cure iron deficiency problems among the patients
(Camaschella, 2015).
Reference

3GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT
Camaschella, C. (2015). Iron-deficiency anemia. New England journal of medicine, 372(19),
1832-1843.
Lopez, A., Cacoub, P., Macdougall, I. C., & Peyrin-Biroulet, L. (2016). Iron deficiency
anaemia. The Lancet, 387(10021), 907-916.
Week 4
As per the traditional beliefs, it is reported that the reduction of acidity is one of the
most effective interventions for managing the pain condition in OA. Therefore, in this case,
the reduction of acidity will be beneficial for managing OA in patients. According to the
study of (Velden et al. 2015), it is stated that the application alkaline powder in the treatment
of OA patients is very effective. In this study, the researchers used a dietary supplementation
with Multiforce® (MF) Alkaline Powder for reducing OA pain and symptoms among the
patients. The study was conducted in two stages and those patients were given 7.5 gm of
alkaline powder daily. The study result stated that the level of pain is reduced after
application of MF powder compared to the placebo group along with a p value of less than
0.005 (p<0.005). Hence the study concluded that systematic alkylation and reduction of
acidity are advantageous for managing OA condition.
Reference
Van Velden, D. P., Reuter, H., Kidd, M., & Müller, F. O. (2015). Non-allopathic adjuvant
management of osteoarthritis by alkalinisation of the diet. African journal of primary
health care & family medicine, 7(1), 1-7.
Week 5
The concept of paleo diet mainly encourages the consumption of unprocessed whole
foods and along with this, type of diet also suggests avoiding consumption of legumes,

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grains, refined sugars, and dairy. However, it is important to consume healthy fats from
seafood, grass-fed and free-range meat and eggs are chiefly preferred in this diet. Along with
this consumption of fresh vegetables, fruits, seeds, nuts and fruits are also recommended for
gaining healthy fat in the body (Andromalos, 2018). According to the study of (DiNardo et al.
2019), it is reported that the application of paleo diet is very effective in reducing the acne in
the skin. Hence, the study reported that application of paleo diet comprised of low-GL load
diet has been proven to be effective in reducing acne. So, the study concluded that there is a
significant link in between acne and diet modifications.
Reference
Andromalos, L. (2018). The Paleo Diet. In Clinical Guide to Popular Diets (pp. 71-86). CRC
Press.
DiNardo, V., Daaboul, F., Amey, C. E., & Barygina, V. (2019). Diet and Skin. Advances in
Integrative Dermatology, 321.
Week 6
In case of this present patient who is 47 year old and previously had the problem of
kidney stone formation, the consumption of dairy products is not dangerous at all and in this
context, it can be stated that the consumption is dairy products is not at all associated with the
onset of kidney stone formation. According to the study of (Sorensen et al. 2014), it is
reported that the higher dietary calcium intake is associated with the lower risks of
symptomatic kidney stones and so the researchers concluded that restriction of dairy product
consumption should not be recommended for the patients who have the problem of kidney
stones. Hence, the consumption of dietary calcium is recommended for those patients who
are suffering like this patient.

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Reference
Sorensen, M. D., Hsi, R. S., Chi, T., Shara, N., Wactawski-Wende, J., Kahn, A. J., ... &
Stoller, M. L. (2014). Dietary intake of fiber, fruit and vegetables decreases the risk of
incident kidney stones in women: a Women’s Health Initiative report. The Journal of
urology, 192(6), 1694-1699.
Week 7
In case of a patient having BMI of 29, it is very difficult to manage her condition of
dysmenorrhoea and menorrhagia. Moreover, it is important to mention that fact that the
particular women had a very irregular life style and simultaneously she was also practicing a
very unhealthy eating practice. In order to manage the dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, the
consumption of NSAIDs can be recommended as such medicines can work to reduce the pain
during the menstruation pain and cramp (Smith, 2018). In this case, the treatment should be
started from the cases of pain management as it is the primary concern for the patient.
However, it is quite evident that there is no such evidence regarding the correlation of heavy
period and dietary habits. However, in order to provide more comfort to this patient the
health care professionals may recommend the use of heating pad as it may reduce the pain
related to menorrhagia (Smith, 2018).
Reference
Smith, R. P. (2018). Management Strategies for Primary Dysmenorrhea. In Dysmenorrhea
and Menorrhagia (pp. 115-133). Springer, Cham.
Smith, R. P. (2018). Management Strategies for Primary Menorrhagia. In Dysmenorrhea and
Menorrhagia (pp. 135-147). Springer, Cham.
Week 8

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In case of endometriosis the consumption of vegetarian diet has been proven to be
advantageous as in various other studies it is stated that the consumption of poultry, fish, red
meat, and seafood is associated with the risk of having the problem of endometriosis. This
study also revealed the fact that the replacement of red meat along with fish, eggs or shellfish
is correlated with the lower level of risks of endometriosis. However, it is also reported that
the restriction of red meat consumption can lower the risks of endometriosis more than that of
consumption fish among the individuals (Le & Sabaté, 2014). However, there are a few
potential disadvantages regarding the practice of vegetarian diet. For example, it can be stated
that the higher intake of vegetarian diet can alter the consumption of essential fatty acids,
vitamin B12, n-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc and calcium can affect the immune system of the body
as vegetarian diet is unable to provide eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic
acid (DHA) (Stanisic et al., 2018). Moreover, consumption of vegetarian diet is also not able
to supply adequate amount of iron and thereby may cause anaemia in individuals.
Reference
Le, L. T., & Sabaté, J. (2014). Beyond meatless, the health effects of vegan diets: findings
from the Adventist cohorts. Nutrients, 6(6), 2131-2147.
Stanisic, S., Markovic, V., Sarcevic, D., Baltic, M. Z., Boskovic, M., Popovic, M., &
Kilibarda, N. (2018). Being a vegetarian: health benefits and hazards. Scientific journal"
Meat Technology", 59(1), 63-70.
Week 9
A 27 year old female asks about whether she needs to do a preconception care prior
to trying for a baby or not. Along with this, she also mentions that, she has a healthy life style
and has a BMI of 21. Moreover, she does not smoke and drink. She also has healthy life

7GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT
styles. However, the proconception care will be beneficial for her as she will know about the
food habits, vaccinations, frequent check-up of health during the pregnancy period. Along
with this the individual will also know about the specific medicines that she can or cannot
take during and following pregnancy period (Mason et al., 2014). Hence, it can be stated that
the preconception care will be beneficial for her.
Reference
Mason, E., Chandra-Mouli, V., Baltag, V., Christiansen, C., Lassi, Z. S., & Bhutta, Z. A.
(2014). Preconception care: advancing from ‘important to do and can be done’to ‘is being
done and is making a difference’. Reproductive health, 11(S3), S8.
Week 10
In this present case study, the individual had the problem of gestational diabetes and
the individual is tensed about developing type 2 diabetes. The individual has accustomed to
feed foods to her daughter other than breast milk. Moreover, it is reported that she has a BMI
of 27 and it was enhanced by 3 points as her BMI was 23 before her pregnancy. According to
the study of (Hu et al. 2014), it is reported that there is a positive correlation in between the
obesity and onset of type 2 diabetes among the individuals. Therefore, it can be stated that the
management of obesity that is reduction of body weight can help in reducing risks of having
diabetes type 2 among the individual. Hence, for this individual proper exercise plan and
dietary interventions can be recommended as it can help in reducing body weight of the
individual (Goedecke & Micklesfield, 2014). So, it can be assumed that the reduction of body
weight can lower the risks of developing diabetes type 2.
References

8GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT
Goedecke, J. H., & Micklesfield, L. K. (2014). The effect of exercise on obesity, body fat
distribution and risk for type 2 diabetes. In Diabetes and Physical Activity (Vol. 60, pp.
82-93). Karger Publishers.
Hu, Y., Bhupathiraju, S. N., Koning, L., & Hu, F. B. (2014). Duration of obesity and
overweight and risk of type 2 diabetes among US women. Obesity, 22(10), 2267-2273.