Analysis of Organisation Behaviour at Marks and Spencer - Report

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organizational behavior (OB) within Marks and Spencer. It begins by examining how culture, power dynamics, and company policies influence employee behavior, with a specific focus on the impact of these factors on the overall organizational culture. The report then evaluates content and process theories of motivation, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory, and discusses their application in the context of M&S. Furthermore, it demonstrates the characteristics of effective and ineffective teams, providing practical examples and insights. Finally, the report applies OB philosophies and concepts within a business unit, offering a comprehensive understanding of how these principles can be used to improve performance and achieve organizational goals. The report is a valuable resource for students studying organizational behavior and management.

Organisation Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
TASK 1......................................................................................................................................3
P1 Analysis about how the culture, power, policies can influence the behaviours of marks
and spencer company and its influence on the culture of organisation..................................3
TASK 2......................................................................................................................................4
P2 Evaluation about content and process theories of motivational techniques......................4
TASK 3......................................................................................................................................6
P3 Demonstration about an effective team and ineffective team...........................................6
TASK 4......................................................................................................................................9
P4 Application about the OB philosophy and concept within business unit..........................9
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour includes culture, structure, working standard, criteria and
performance of employees. It is a process under which management analyse and assess the
performance of employees and motivate them for higher performance. Human asset assumes
an exceptionally significant part inside organization by which partnership can accomplish its
decided focus inside particular era (Benson, Morgan and Filippaios, 2014). So as to set up the
arranging and executing it, staff's assumes an imperative part in the organization. In this
report, motivation strategies and speculations by which firm can propel and support
employees at the work environment has been methodically talked about with deference of
Marks and Spencer organization. Moreover, effect of motivation on the group execution and
accomplishment of firm objective has been additionally addressed to in this report.
TASK 1
P1 Analysis about how the culture, power, policies can influence the behaviours of marks and
Spencer company and its influence on the culture of organisation
Firm culture alludes to social value, attitude, behaviour and criteria of working of
workforce. It can be said that firm culture characterizes that how employee’s functions, what
is their identity, esteem, convictions, thought, appearances and so on. Firm culture is an
undetectable however effective power that impacts the conduct of the individuals from that
gathering. There are different sorts of culture, for example, errand, control, individual and so
on
Culture, power and legislative issues can influence the conduct of Marks and spencer
organization. Each organization have their own particular culture, power and strategies which
used to achieve its objective and objective inside era. A successful culture can be created

inside the firm by set of approaches and power (Jones, 2013). Power is just close by in top
administration and expert. They need to set the arrangement as indicated by the way of life of
organization. With help of legislative issues organization can achieve its objective and
objective.
Culture assumes an extremely critical part in the organization which make an amazing
estimation of the organization. It is a sort of nature, conduct, convictions, connection, method
for working of individuals who leaving in the organization (Jenter and Kanaan 2015).
Hierarchical culture can characterize general workplace like structure, work, relationship,
esteem, conviction and so forth. According to the perspective of Handy's authoritative culture
are separated into four kinds which are as per the following-
• Power culture-In this sort of culture, all choice can take just by top administration in
the organization. Workers are to a great extent subject to the administrator and Manager. Top
administration order for errand and exercises of business to workers and faculty need to do it
as indicated by the administrator guideline and summon.
• Role culture-In this culture, workers are appointed parts and obligations as per their
instruction, ability, expertise and capability.
• Task culture-In this culture, Manager apportions the task and assignment to the
employees and they need to achieve the undertaking inside given day and age. Chief and
Manager manufactures the group as indicated by the objective of organization and everybody
need to accomplish that objective (Hendry, 2012).
• Person culture-In this culture, administration centres around the necessities and
prerequisite of individual at the working environment and make approaches and hones by
which their requirements can satisfy. In this culture, firm comprehend the esteem and
significance of workforce.
M1 Critically analyse about culture politics and power of the organisation

In the organisation, culture, legislative issues and power an extremely important part
keeping in mind the end goal to deal with the business exercises and address the decided
target inside determined time. Culture, control and authoritative issues can impact the direct
of Marks and spencer firm. Every association have their own specific culture, power and
methodologies which used to accomplish its goal and goal inside time. An effective culture
can make inside the firm by set of methodologies and power. Its turn out to be anything but
difficult to accomplish objective if culture is well viable inside organization.
This section is to analyse the impact of culture, power and politics on an organisation
with a specific consideration of M&S. On referring to the above specified findings, it has
been found that a culture consists of various type namely, power, role, task and person
culture. It is hereby on demonstrating the impact of power culture on M&S, it has been found
that power comprises with 2 basic types and is both positive and negative in nature. Both of it
affects the productivity of the enterprise where a positive power encourages the productivity
of the employees with a distinct aspect of negative power that often tends to deter the sense
of motivation in employees. It is basically on considering the fact where a positive power
results in inspiring the workers to give productive outcomes with affirmative measures.
However, the negative power on another hand involves a threatening approach of the
managers and leaders to instruct their workers to attain productive results in an authoritative
manner that in turn discourages them to a great extent. Beside this, there together exists yet
another relative concept of politics in the organisations like M&S that also consists of varied
nature. This is on referring to positive and negative politics at the workplace where the
positivity exists with clear chain of command and policies to easily understand the work and
produce good quality. It thereby represents a productive environment with a collaborative
outlook of the workers to prevent any state of conflict.

TASK 2
P2 Evaluation about content and process theories of motivational techniques
The structure, culture, framework, administration approach can build up the whole
workplace of business enterprise on conduct is a procedure under which administration watch
and examine people and gathering of people conduct, states of mind towards the association.
In other word one might say that by utilization of this idea association's conduct, for example,
work execution, correspondence, inspiration, initiative, and different exercises can be
assessed. It is critical for the higher authority of Marks and Spencer organization to centre
around the different strategies and procedures of employee’s motivation by which they can
rouse for higher and powerful execution at working environment. Employees Motivation is a
procedure under which higher administration energize and value worker's productivity and
execution and it measure as far as money related and non-budgetary prizes.
Motivation is a property through which chief or director can support, motivate and
acknowledge employees at work environment. By utilization of motivation idea, chief can
support and rouse faculties for higher execution and efficiency. There are different
motivation speculations through which organization can support and move for higher
execution.
In the part of motivation, there are different sorts of motivation hypothesis which
serves to the Marks and spencer Company in understanding the genuine needs and
prerequisite of person. Maslow’s hypothesis of motivation is one of the critical hypothesis
and idea of worker motivation which can characterize each individual needs of motivation.
According to this hypothesis of motivation, there are significant five sort of necessities of
individual and employees (Gardner, Gino and Staats, 2012). In the first place require is
physiological needs under which employees requires fundamental needs, for example, shield,
water, nourishment, rest, sex and so on. Organization ought to give legitimate course of

action and offices identified with these requirements, for example, give appropriate working
hours, occasion, noon, break time and so forth. Moreover, seating game plan inside the
organization ought to be additionally successful and appropriate so as employees can
complete their work. Another need is identified with wellbeing need under which individual
requires insurance from components, security, arrange, law, dependability, opportunity from
fear and so on. Therefore, working condition inside the firm ought to be free from peril and
there must legitimate security from questionable risk.
Another need of individual as per this Maslow hypothesis is love and having a place
require under which individual requires companionship, closeness, put stock in,
acknowledgment, accepting and giving warmth and love. This need of individual can be
satisfied by relationship and kinship with other like companions, life accomplice, family and
so on. Another need of individual is regard require under which individual requires nobility,
accomplishment, authority, freedom, notoriety, status, esteem and so on. Company ought to
give higher obligation, advancement, development opportunity and higher status so as they
can persuade and achieve the objective in superb way. Another need is identified with the
self-actualisation require under which individuals requires self-satisfaction, development
openings crest encounter and so on.
Consequently, one might say that as indicated by the Maslow’s hypothesis of motivation,
there are different sorts of need of employees so stamps and spencer organization should
centre and satisfy these for keep up powerful execution of workforce, keeping in mind the
end goal to enhance worker’s execution, organization should centre around every employee
need and make plan to satisfy that. Major there are two sorts of motivation procedure that is
financial and non-money related. With regards to money related strategy, organization can
give compelling motivating force, incidental advantages, remuneration, extra, perquisites and
so on (George, Haas and Pentland, 2014). Then again with regards to non-financial reward,

organization give thankfulness, acknowledgment, development openings, higher duties,
viable working condition, arrangements and so on. Likewise, by taking investment of
employees in the business basic leadership, Marks and spencer organization can enhance
motivation level of workers. Moreover, employee’s welfare program and exercises can also
help to employees in demonstrating sound work space at the work environment. Along these
lines, one might say that there are different sorts of different methods by which Marks and
spencer organization can enhance motivation level of workforce.
Another theory of motivation is Herzberg's Two factor hypothesis. Frederick Herzberg's
has advanced this hypothesis which involves the two factor that is the inspiration and clean
factors. These both are vital for the business firm. According to the perspective of the
scholars, it is important to have the two factors in the association to cause the activity
fulfilment. The helper’s factors which are required for the inspiring the employees are as
appeared as work itself, self-sufficiency, expert, duty, acknowledgment and accomplishment.
On the in spite of this, the cleanliness factors incorporate connections, employer stability,
workplace culture, status, individual life and additionally compensation and wages. As per
Herzberg's hypothesis, cash isn't just the spark the administration ought to likewise give great
culture and workplace other cleanliness angles to persuaded the employees. Furthermore, if
the resolve of the staff is high then they will ready to give high profitability and expanded the
incomes and piece of the pie of the business enterprise.
M2 Critically evaluate how to influence the behaviour of others through effective application
of motivational theories
Non-monetary rewards have taken after by organization to propel operational and centre
level work force. For this, employees have given advancement, reward and other sort of
unmistakable and non-substantial advantages to the employees. While natural reward
frameworks have appropriate for senior administration level since they have assumed enter

parts toward setting of goals and systems to achieve the mission and vision of the
organization.
Money related rewards can be arranged into immediate compensation which has
included motivations, pay, different sorts of monetary prizes and so on. This represents an
incentive approach to encourage the workers to produce productive results and complete the
work on time. It is hereby on comparing both of these theories of motivation called Maslow’s
and Herzberg, both are likely to have similar goals of encouraging the employees in the best
possible manner. On relating both of these models, it has been found that Maslow’s elements
called psychological and self-actualization needs depicts the motivator factors of Herzberg
theory. Whereas, the hygiene factors are being represented by the other 3 constituents of
Maslow fulfilling the esteem, safety and belonging needs.
In addition to this, there together exists some vital points of differences among these
theories where Maslow’s is known to serve the general needs of an individual. It is with a
distinct consent of Herzberg which is apparent to fulfil the specific requirements to work in a
professional environment. It is hereby on considering the differences where Herzberg theory
was earlier specified to be the most suitable one to meet the professional requirements of the
employees and was recommended to the managers to use the same at the workplace.
However, soon after this, it was declared that the workers are required to be motivated from
both general and specific viewpoint and thus, the leaders as well as managers are suggested to
use both the approaches as per the identified needs of the workers to operate productively.
TASK 3
P3 Demonstration about an effective team and ineffective team
In the business firm, when at least two than two individuals cooperate with a specific
end goal to achieve some particular errand than it is known as gathering. Gathering is a group
of individuals who live respectively, cooperate for achieve some objective. With regards to

business firm, there are constantly formal gathering. Formal gathering is that gathering which
produced for some objective. In formal gathering, individuals cooperate keeping in mind the
end goal to accomplish focus inside a given time period. On the other hand, casual gathering
is amassing under which family and companion live. In this gathering, family and
companion’s individuals have their own relationship, there isn't any objective.
Group is a gathering in which individual have regular intrigue, objective, state of mind, needs
and recognition and so forth. In the group, all part has one shared objective which required to
accomplish by every part. In the Marks and spencer with a specific end goal to improve
quality and efficiency of administrations and item, group building is exceptionally important.
With help of group building, organization can without much of a stretch address its decided
target and goal. Group have turned into a famous method for sorting out workers in firm.
There are different sorts of group inside a firm-
• Functional work Group- Functional group is made out of authoritative part from a few
vertical levels of the company chain of importance which perform and work particular
hierarchical capacity (Gardner, Gino and Staats, 2012). In this utilitarian group, there is a few
subordinates and an administrator who has specialist to oversee inside task and outer
relationship of that office and division of the firm. In the Marks and spencer organization
there are different utilitarian division, for example, marketing, human asset, organization,
task and so forth. These all practical office have one separate chief who have duty is to
control and deal with the exercises a working inside the organization.
• Problem explaining group- This is another of the sort of group which is extremely
exceptional for the firm. The significant target of this critical thinking group is to address
particular issue inside the organization and discover best arrangement of that particular issue
and issue at work environment. In this group, all part meets up in the group for resolve
particular issue identified with the business. While that particular issue and issue settle then

all part can twist up the group. In the Marks and spencer organization with help of critical
thinking group, organization can address the particular issue identified with business and
discover substitute arrangement by measure up to commitment of all colleagues who have
successful ability and nature of critical thinking.
According to the above talk it has been discovered that inside the Marks and spencer
organization joint efforts an extremely pivotal part to address genuine issue and discover best
interchange arrangement (Gallo and et.al., 2014). In the referred to wander, with help of
successful group efficiency and nature of work can also improve in viable way. A compelling
group have different attributes which are as per the following-
• Open communication- This is essential qualities of the powerful group as each part in
the group ought to straightforwardly speak with each other. They should share their objective,
criteria of working, thought, imaginative musings, sentiment, recommendation and so forth
with each other. While any practices and strategies are going to changed then part ought to
disk with each other.
• Effective authority Leadership is one of the real thing in the group on the grounds that
without group Manager, group can't screen, oversee and control. Manager assumes an
extremely urgent part inside the group by which each action and execution of colleague can
screen, control, immediate and facilitate successfully. Furthermore, with help of authority,
colleague can also get course and direction for accomplishing the assignment and focus of the
group, thus, one might say that a compelling group can't be work without successful group
Manager and administration style.
• Healthy Relationship- This is another of the significant normal for a viable group. In
the group, part ought to have successful and sound firm with each other and there ought not
be any contentions and issue identified with working. All part has successful coordination
and administration so as undertaking and focus of group can undoubtedly achieve.

• Coordination- Coordination should in the compelling group on the grounds that
without coordination, colleague can unfit to all in all offer shared objective and unfit to
accomplish the objective of group (Estampe and et.al., 2013). Coordination among colleague
can help to the group in accomplishing their objective inside particular timeframe so one
might say that in successful group coordination and administration is exceptionally basic.
According to the above dialog it has been examined that there are different qualities
and attributes of the powerful group. In the Marks and spencer organization keeping in mind
the end goal to build up a powerful group, administrator ought to comprehend the Tuckman
model of group improvement. This model of group improvement is as per the following-
• Forming- It is first stage under which colleague meets up. In this stage they have not
completely comprehended what work will do in this group. Some time, colleague endeavours
to get know their new partners.
• Storming- In this stage, colleague see each other nature, practices and propensities.
They all meets up for share each other supposition, see about the working. In this stage,
general relationship can work among the colleagues (Erez and et.al., 2013).
• Norming- In this stage, individuals comprehend the group objective, working
practices, approaches, strategies, criteria of working and so on. In this stage all part
comprehends the working criteria and shared objective of the group. Every part comprehends
their duty and part toward the decided focus of group.
• Performing- In this stage, at long last all part plays out their parts and duty regarding
accomplish the objective of group.
Following are some effect of motivation procedure to enhance group viability in the referred
to wander
• Higher nature of Work- This is one of the real effect of motivation system inside the
group as colleague can improve their working profitability and quality by which general