Obesity and Fast Food Consumption: A Research Report

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OBESITY AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION
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OBESITY AND FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Research proposal and short literature review...............................................................4
a. Research proposal........................................................................................................................4
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................4
1.1. Introduction:.....................................................................................................................4
1.2. Research Aim....................................................................................................................4
1.3. Research objectives..........................................................................................................4
1.4. Research questions............................................................................................................4
1.5. Rationale of the research..................................................................................................5
2. Research methodology.............................................................................................................5
2.1. Research philosophy.........................................................................................................5
Justification:.............................................................................................................................5
2.2. Research approach:...........................................................................................................5
Justification..................................................................................................................................6
2.3. Research design................................................................................................................6
Justification:.................................................................................................................................6
2.4. Data sources:.....................................................................................................................6
2.6. Data collection method.....................................................................................................6
2.7. Sampling...........................................................................................................................7
b. Short literature review.............................................................................................................7
Introduction..............................................................................................................................7
Common reasons of obesity.....................................................................................................7
Fast food consumption and obesity.........................................................................................8
Health problems related to obesity..........................................................................................9
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Research gap............................................................................................................................9
Chapter 2: Research diary................................................................................................................9
Chapter 3: Analysis........................................................................................................................12
Analysis and interpretation of data:.......................................................................................12
Recommendation...................................................................................................................14
Areas for further consideration:.............................................................................................14
Chapter 4: Viva with transcript.....................................................................................................14
Interview 1:............................................................................................................................14
Interview 2:............................................................................................................................15
Interview 3:............................................................................................................................16
References......................................................................................................................................18
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Chapter 1: Research proposal and short literature review
a. Research proposal
1. Introduction
1.1. Introduction:
Obesity is referred to as one of the medical conditions where the body fat of the human being has
been accumulated largely and it may provide adverse effect on the health of the individual. One
of the major causes behind the rapid growth of obesity mostly in the urban areas is the
consumption of fast food among youth and children. The research has been conducted for
understanding the relation between the rate of fast food consumption and obesity among the
urban people.
1.2. Research Aim
The aim of the research is to find out the relation between obesity among individual and fast
food consumption rate. The research also focuses on the urban individual and the way obesity
has been developing among them.
1.3. Research objectives
 To understand the adverse effects of obesity on the health of individual
 To explore the relationship between the fast food consumption rate and obesity
 To identify the way the obesity can be reduced to a level
1.4. Research questions
1. What is the relationship between obesity and fast food consumption rate?
2. What are the problems that can be developed through obesity?
3. How the obesity can be reduced for the individual?
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1.5. Rationale of the research
The research has been focused on the relationship between fast food consumption and obesity.
Obesity is one of the common problems among the urban people, especially among the young
people (Burgoine et al. 2017). The reason behind the rapid growth of obesities among the young
people is the consumption of fast foods. It has been seen that mostly the young people like to
consume the fast foods like burger, French fry and pizza and all of these foods are containing of
high calories. The research is being conducted for focusing on the relationship between
consumption of the fast foods and obesity among people (Mazidi and Speakman, 2017).
2. Research methodology
2.1. Research philosophy
The research philosophy helps to implement and maintain the logic behind the research project.
It can also be stated that the research philosophy can be classified as positivism, realism and
Interpretivism. Positivism as the research philosophy helps to define the scientific manner behind
the research topic and the project (Kumar, 2019). On the other hand, Interpretivism refers to the
use of metaphysics and the realism is the combination of the other two methods.
Justification: For this particular research, positivism has used as the research philosophy. The
reason behind using positivism as the research philosophy helps to explain the research topic
with the help of scientific and logical method. Apart from that, positivism also discards the role
of the researcher for manipulating the research.
2.2. Research approach:
The research approach is the path, which the researcher needs to follow in order to develop the
research. The research approach can be classified as deductive and the inductive method. The
deductive method has been used over the already explored data and information. On the contrary,
the inductive method refers to the path where the new theory and data would be explored from
the research.
Justification: The research has been developed by using the deductive research method. It has
been seen that the implementation of the deductive research has been used here, as the research
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is not focused on any new theory or path regarding the research. Rather the research is being
developed according to the already explored data and information.
2.3. Research design
The predefined framework of the research is being generated for obtaining the data and
information through the data collection method used in the research. It has been seen that the in
order to manage the research, the exploratory, explanatory and the descriptive research method
has been used (Flick, 2015). The exploratory research helps to assess the different though
process taken in to consideration by the researcher, whereas the explanatory design analyses the
events included in the research process along with their cause and effects. On the other hand, the
descriptive research design would also help to define the description of the research topic.
Justification: The descriptive research design is being used for this specific research and it can
be stated that the researcher can obtain the required data and information related to the research
topic with the help of this research design.
2.4. Data sources:
In order to conduct the research, the data and the information need to be obtained. It is needed
that the data and the information need to be taken from the sources that are authentic and
validated. For conducting the research, the data and information can be taken from the primary
and the secondary sources. The primary information is taken from the sources such human
interaction and the secondary information are taken from the sources such as books and journals.
2.6. Data collection method
The collection of data is to be conducted by depending upon the specific methods. It has been
seen that in case of the primary data, the data collection method that has been used here are the
interview and the survey (Walliman, 2017). As the human interactions are being taken into
consideration for this research, the interview would be the most suitable method.
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2.7. Sampling
The samples are required to be taken through the interview. The participants are being selected
for the method. 3 respondents have been selected as interviewee. For selecting the respondents
for the interview process, the non-probability sampling method has been used.
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b. Short literature review
Introduction
The obesity is being developed as one of the problems, which is growing rapidly in mostly the
urban youth. The problem itself is a major health issue and it invites the other health problems
such as hypertension, heart problems, and others. Therefore, the study has focused on the
development of the problems, its relationship with the fast food consumption and the health
problems related to obesity as opined by Sahoo et al. (2015). These factors would be considered
as important for the people of all ages and thus they have been discussed here.
Common reasons of obesity
Some common factors contribute to the development of obesity among people. These factors can
be classified according to the internal and external factors that are causing obesity among the
individuals. The internal factors: The internal factors that contribute to obesity are genetics,
psychological factors and different diseases, as stated by Sturm and Hattori, (2015).
Genetics: It is found that and individual is likely to be obese if one of the parent on both the
parents are obese. Moreover, the hormones can also be affected through genetic that involved in
fat regulation.
Psychological factors: Emotion influence the eating habit of the individual as it has been found
through the survey among the obese people. The problem of binge eating is often found among
the people that are suffering from the problems like depression, stress, and anger as opined by
Sahoo et al. (2015).
Diseases: Problems such as hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance
can resulted into the obesity among individuals better suffering from these problems.
On the contrary, according to the opinion of Burgoine et al. (2015), some external reasons also
there that lead to obesity among the people such as fast food consumption, overeating,
consuming simple carbohydrates in a high rate and physical inactivity,.
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Fast food consumption: It has been seen that mostly among the urban youth, the rate of fast
food consumption has been increased over the years. As a result, the rate of obesity among the
urban youth has been increasing.
Overeating: If the diet of the individual contains high fat, carbohydrate and sugar, obesity can
be caused. The high energy density included in the diet can cause obesity among people.
Frequency of eating can also be generated in to obesity.
Consuming simple carbohydrates: It is evident that simple carbohydrates such as Fructose,
sugar, wine, soft drinks, and desserts can increase the rate of obesity if they are regularly
consumed by the individual, as stated by Xue et al. (2016).
Physical inactivity: It is often seen that mostly among the urban children and youth, the physical
inactivity leads to obesity. Lack of exercises and sports can affect the fat burning activities and
the obesity rate can be enhanced.
Fast food consumption and obesity
By examining the different health reports by the different researchers, it has been seen that the
fast food consumption rate and the obesity are directly related to each other. Over the last three
decades, the fast food consumption rate among the children and the youth has been increased.
People like to consume fast foods due to a number of reasons such as - availability, convenience,
and lack of time for proper eating, low cost and lack of time, as contradicted by Min et al.
(2018). All of these reasons have been developed as people like to consume fast food by
knowing the fact that it may lead them towards the obesity.
The fast food consumption leads to obesity for a number of reasons such as the ingredients used
for the making of fast foods are not always of good quality and can create health problems such
as obesity. On the other hand, the high energy density of the fast foods by adding the things such
as vegetable oils, sugars, and cheese can lead the people towards obesity as opined by Chen et al.
2016). Therefore, it can be stated that the problems such as the obesity can be developed through
the fast food consumption.
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Health problems related to obesity
Some major health problems can be developed among the individuals due to the fast food
consumption and obesity. One of the common problems is hypertension that can be seen among
most of the obese people as stated by Cobb et al. (2016). The extra fat accumulated in the body
of the individual can invite the high blood pressure and the problem can invite the other health
problems related to it. Cardiology problems and the digestion related problems can also be
caused due to the obesity.
Research gap
The research that has been conducted here is included the reasons of obesity among the
individual. However, the problems related to the obesity and their results other than health
problems have not been discussed here. Therefore, the study has lacked some major issues
related to obesity and its result among the individuals.
Chapter 2: Research diary
The research diary includes the stages that are involved in the research related to the connection
between obesity and fast food consumption rate and it also helps to identify the problem areas
where the research is needed to be generated more than the general. As the research is being
developed within 7 weeks from the day of beginning, the stages have been distributed
accordingly.
Main activities/ stages Week
1
Week
2
Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week
7
Choosing the topic of the research 
Identifying and collecting data from the
secondary sources
 
Layout development 
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Reviewing the data gathered from the
secondary sources
  
Creating the proper research plan with the
appropriate stages
 
Choosing the right technique for conducting
the research
 
Choosing the respondents for the primary
data collection
 
Collecting necessary data from medical
practitioners
 
Analysis of the gathered data from the
primary sources
 
Findings from the gathered data 
Conclusion 
Obtaining the draft of the research  
Submitting the Final Work  
Table 1: Stages of the research
(Source: Created by the researcher)
Stage 1: Choosing the topic of the research:
At the first stage, the research topic has been selected. As the obesity is been developed among
the youth and children as well as the people of almost all age groups, it is important to know the
reason behind this. At the same time, the measures for restricting the growth of this problem
anymore, it is significant to cultivate the reason behind this problem, the way it is affecting the
people and their body and how it can be restricted from affecting the human body.
Stage 2: Identifying and collecting data from the secondary sources
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The secondary data is needed to be collecting and analyse in order to understand the importance
of the research topic. In case of this research problem, the secondary data needs to be collected
and analysed in order to understand the importance of obesity in the Healthcare sector.
Stage 3: Layout development
The layout of the research is to be generated from the very beginning as it helps to distinguish
the different stages related to the research project. In order to conduct which particular research,
in this stage, the researcher has generated information and the initial draft of the research has
been taken into consideration.
Stage 4: Reviewing the data gathered from the secondary sources
In this stage, the researcher has closely observed the data and the information that are collected
from the different medical journals, reports generated by the other researcher over the same topic
and the books. By obtaining these data and information, the review has been generated where the
different aspect of the research topic can be identified and examined.
Step 5: Creating the proper research plan with the appropriate stages
The researcher has accumulated all the necessary information on how the project would be
developed. In this stage, the research plan according to the stages has been developed.
Stage 6: Choosing the right technique for conducting the research
In this stage, the researcher has identified the right technique for the research. Thematic research
would be conducted here.
Stage 7: Choosing the respondents for the primary data collection
In case of the research, the researcher needs to select the respondents for the interview process.
The non-probability sampling method has been used here among the respondents in order to
identify the respondents. The researcher has selected 3 medical practitioners for this purpose.
Stage 8: Collecting necessary data from the primary respondents
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