Obesity in Nursing: Health and Workforce Impact Research Report

This research report investigates the pervasive issue of obesity and its significant implications for nurses in Australia, New Zealand, and the UK. The study examines the prevalence of obesity, the impact on nurses' health, and its effects on workforce participation. Utilizing quantitative analysis, the report explores factors contributing to obesity, including age, gender, and occupational risks. The research delves into data collection methods, ethical considerations, and data analysis techniques, including descriptive analysis and odds ratios. The findings highlight the high prevalence of obesity among nurses, exceeding rates in the general population, and underscore the need for weight reduction interventions. The report reviews existing literature, discusses the study's design, and presents key findings related to health outcomes and workforce challenges. It emphasizes the importance of addressing obesity to improve the well-being and professional capacity of nurses, ultimately aiming to provide insights for interventions to combat obesity within this critical workforce.

Research paper

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
BODY..............................................................................................................................................3
AUTHENTICITY ...........................................................................................................................4
ROBUSTNESS................................................................................................................................5
Research problem/purpose significance of study........................................................................5
Literature review.........................................................................................................................6
Study design/methods/philosophical underpinnings/theoretical framework/ aim/hypothesis....8
Sampling.....................................................................................................................................8
Ethical considerations.................................................................................................................8
Data collection............................................................................................................................9
Data analysis...............................................................................................................................9
FINDINGS ......................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Obesity is one of the major problem which is giving negative implications to whole the
globe. In the year of 2008 this is being analysed that in England 24% of men and 25% of women
over age of 15 were classified as obese and this will lead to reach at 47% and 36% respectively
by 2025. The increasing implications of obesity is giving serious health implications and leading
to develop several chronic disease and at the same time this can also affect to the workforce
participation in negative manner (Gormley and Melby, 2020) . This essay is associated with
providence of several aspects of obesity and its implications over personal and professional life
of nurses. The major aim of this study is to examine aspects of people those are overweight and
associated with obesity as in context of three countries such as Australia, New Zealand and UK.
This topic is highly important for nursing industry so that to analyse factors those are causing
obesity to people. This essay is taking assistance of quantitative analysis in which appropriate
conclusions are drawn in specific manner. Besides this there are several definitions included in
this essay which will directly providing deep discussion in relation to the topic.
BODY
The research report is associated with dealing with various dimensions of obese people
and reporting measures of the same. The data in this report are generated through online method
and data collection management strategies are framed so that to chose significant lifestyle. The
target population of this research is participants those are personally identified and lives in
Australia, New Zealand and UK. The strengths associated with this research is related with
developing such aspects in which knowledge of researcher can be developed in relation to obese
and reasons for obesity. In this research three groups were identified which are divided on the
basis of demographic area, age, gender, status and workforce characteristics. On the other hand
body mass index was also calculated and for each and every participants self-reported weight and
height data was categorised as accordance with cut points provided by WHO (Pugh and et. al.,
2019). In this manner comparative data was framed and BMI distribution was analysed.
Respondents were asked questions and they provided answers as according to their will
which means giving answers was totally voluntary. So the responses for each question was
different and in this manner summary of statistics were computed and reported as well.
Descriptive analysis was undertaken in order to undertake findings and report appropriate

conclusion. The study is covering major areas in which researcher can deal with differential
backgrounds and research outlines. In the context of current report the present variables are
constantly leading to develop differential focus and research results. In order to draw results odds
ratios in the gap of confidence interval this leaded to develop results as 95%. This research paper
is providing results as in case of developing 60% of working nurses and midwives which are
leading to develop and understand reasons for obesity in three countries. There are significant
reasons due to which people are developing the dimension of obesity and occupational risk as
well. Gaining higher weight is associated with increasing age, gender and other constraints.
Being a child obesity is one of the major disease which may cause in developing heavy results so
that risk of gaining weight becomes higher (Perry and et. al.., 2018)
On the other hand risk associated with occupation also got higher when problems of
obesity are faced by people as in respect of developing casual working for nurses and midwives.
The people who are carrying risk of obesity may lead in gaining weight and such negative
implications those may develop global health concern. On the other hand the capacity of
developing such workforce is providing major challenges in relation to providing population
those context through which occupational group is impacted. Weight reduction is one of the
major measure which can be used by individual in order to develop those regards which can be
helpful in minimising weight of individual so that various interventions can be seen. In the
context of occupational group this is being analysed that there are numerous people those are
dealing with providence of reducing of weight and obesity.
AUTHENTICITY
The current research report is providing such insight to reader in which they can
understand regarding various measures and impact faced due to obesity. Obesity is one of the
major problem which is faced by several people and can lead the people to face various
implications in relation to developing knowledge. The major intention of this research is all
about drawing reflection and providing such engagement which could be beneficial for them in
order to judge and examine different repercussions (Essen and Brown, 2020). This is essential to
collect data in such a way that management strategy may lead in developing such details in
which appropriate reports can be made. The writing style of this research is descriptive which
means that there are a lot of reasons through which appropriate results can be ascertained and
with the help of same prominent outcomes can be examined. In terms of obesity, in current time

people are facing major issues out of this and due to this reason it became necessary that reasons
for prevention from obesity are required to be build up. As this research was performed in three
countries such as New Zealand, UK and Australia so it can be said that there are several
measures which were added in this research and as the topic is associated with nursing so major
focus is drawn for nursing staff. As according to this research the major focus is all about
analysing the ways in which obesity within individual can be minimised. The direct health costs
of obesity to Australia in 2008 were $8.28 billion and with indirect costs of loss of well-being at
$49.9 billion obesity represents a national economic burden of $58.2 billion. In current time
obesity is the serious issue which may lead an individual to develop such understanding in which
appropriate guidelines can be issues in order to render well being and to minimise the same
significant aspects are undertaken (Lee and et. al, 2018). As this is clear that obesity is the
serious issue which is faced by majority of people but at the same time this is a hidden disease
which is not giving much side effects and imperatively this will not be associated with
developing such roles in which an individual can grow and acquire higher insight in relation to
developing their health benefits.
ROBUSTNESS
Research problem/purpose significance of study
The study is pertained in order to develop understanding in relation to gaining of serious
health issues in respect of chronic disease and obesity. The research problem is associated with
developing such knowledge in respect to obesity and in relation of chronic disease associated
with this measure. The purpose of the study is to examine factors associated with both work-
force and health outcomes in a cohort of nurses & midwives in Australia, NZ and the UK. The
study was sampled in systematic way in which candidate of research were recruited so that to
develop results based on data collected through internet. Prior to the formation of national
statutory body, this can be said that there are numerous aspects and dimensions which are
covering different movements in relation to registering members and in this manner there are
significant measures which are requisite to be developed so that to minimise implications of
obesity and to personally identify those factors which are aligned with developing these
principles in appropriate manner (Kyriazis, Tsagari and Lappa Th, 2018).

Literature review
Literature review is helpful in developing such insights in which various dimensions can
be covered and at the same time research objectives can be attained. There are numerous way in
which overall significance can be rendered to research and with the help of such path a
researcher may lead to attain their aims and objectives in direct or indirect manner.
According to (Booker and et. al.., 2018)obesity is leading the world to develop laziness
and developing habit of procrastination. Obesity is estimated for more than 500 million people in
the year of 2008 and this will rise to its peak in the year of 2025. Obesity is one of the major
reason which is covering the largest proportion of health budget . In the region of Australia this
is pertained with gaining issues related to weight related issues and these are treated as situation
of higher obesity. This is the major risk associated with population due to which people are
facing issues of lowered productivity and leading roles. Nurses and midwives are associated with
this research and they have said that there are significant reasons due to which people are gaining
higher weight and gaining reasons to fight with obesity. The consequences of being overweight
is that they minimised their participation with workforce management (Senwamadi, 2018). This
is observed that patients are provided with higher risk of developing such insights in which
differential categories are framed in respect of dealing with such people so that to minimise their
life risks from obesity. Obesity is impacting behaviour of individual in negative manner so that it
can be said that people are irritated and loosing their skills by being obese and gaining weight as
well.
A recent study shown that WHO has conducted a survey of 77 people in which it has
been analysed that 70% of respondents have said that number of nurses and midwives was less.
Professional people are facing issues in order to develop such aspects in which people are not
able to perform working in appropriate manner. Besides this, it is the reason of not meeting will
power and in this manner people will not develop such understanding in which they can acquire
significant benefits as in comparison of meeting own objectives. Over 60% of working nurses
and midwives were outside the healthy weight range and the prevalence of obesity in this sample
exceeded rates the general population in all three countries. As stated above target audience for
this study is people living in Australia, UK and New Zealand so the study shown that there are
numerous opportunities that are leading to develop those personal insight in which a people is
not able to perform and act in appropriate manner.

Besides this nurses and midwives are receiving major impact of obesity as they need to
treat people which is not an easy task and can be acquired by such generation thorough which
variables within workforce can be assimilated. There are numerous aspects such as BMI and
demographic options which are being taken while analysing implications of obesity so that to
analyse reproductive characteristics of individual as in case of examining current position of
people as in respect of such insights to manage appropriate reasoning to deal with obesity.
Nurses and midwives are requested to introduce some significant interventions so that to develop
health of individual so that individual needed to be benefited (Glasper, 2020). As this is being
analysed that there are huge reasons due to which people are not able to cop up with implications
of obesity as this is the major reason in which people are associated with developing their routine
in a manner that would lead them to fight with implications of obesity.
Obesity is one of the greatest theret for population as some studies shown that in UK 67%
of men and 57% of women are obese or overweight. This study has undertaken BMI in which
researcher has found that this problem is rising in youngsters and children with adolescents.
Obesity is regarded as the major public health problem due to which major health implications
are seen in individual and this is regarded as the most negative phase. Some causes of obesity is
such as premature death, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and may be cancer as well. Working
nurses and midwives has seen with the major establishment in which clear findings can not be
framed. Obesity is giving negative implications as in respect of gaining workforce implication
as people are facing long term sickness and this may lead in decreasing overall productivity.
Nurses in aged care and specifically these are elevating risk of becoming overweight as in
comparison of general nurses. Heavy physical workload of the aged care sector it could be
anticipated that the nurses employed there might be more physically active than in other
specialities. In respect of promoting healthy habits this can be said that when a person is facing
workplace issues then this may lead in creation of unhealthy behaviour (Richardson, 2019)..
Health professional of normal weight are more confident as in comparison of other as
those people are having much capabilities of perceiving such barriers by which negative attitude
towards society can be built up. People perceive negative attitude when they feel to be obese and
in the context of health professional Nurses who are over-
weight or obese also have low levels of healthy behaviours and the evidence suggests that
obesity increases the risk of certain occupational injuries and conditions as well

as the risk of chronic disease generally. An upstream approach is required to be made so that to
minimise risk of occupational injuries and in this manner worksite interventions are required to
be undertaken.
Study design/methods/philosophical underpinnings/theoretical framework/ aim/hypothesis
The major aim of this study is to analyse the way and dimensions which are leading
health professionals and nurses to deal with issue of obesity. As due to higher analysis this can
be said that this research is designed in detailed and systematic manner which leads in
developing such recognition through which it could be easy to develop understanding and results
of research.
Theoretical frameworks within this research is leading to develop such undertaking
which are providing appropriate insights and detailed analysis of research. In this manner it can
be said that there are numerous relations which can be fulfilled by an individual and the same is
exerted by people in order to led with higher prominence and ethical manner. Research aim of
this study is linked with analysing such results in which proper results are required to be framed
so that in prior manner appropriate underpinnings can be rendered.
Sampling
Target population for this research is people of UK, New Zealand and Australia so in the
context of samples this research is providing results in absolute terms so that for drawing such
results this can be said that there are appropriate results which are drawn out of research. Within
this research, nurses and midwives of Australia, NZ and the UK were invited to participate in the
NmeS. Recruitments were varied as accordance with enhancing engagement and in this manner
perceiving value is one of the major concern in which regulatory aspects are analysed and dealt
in appropriate manner. Under this research sampling is playing significant role in which in prior
manner requisite guidelines are exerted so that to provide such emergence in which objectives
can be attained. People were given questions to answer and process of answering was voluntary
that means a person can skip the question when they are not willing to answer. In this manner
continuous variables were tested in regular manner so that to analyse results out of sample size.
Ethical considerations
Ethical considerations are playing prominent role in managing the whole business in a
manner that significant results can be analysed out of research. There are numerous ethical

considerations which are exerted by researcher while managing the research and taking out
significant outcomes out of research. In order to manage the same data were gathered in such a
manner that no falsification is required and this is the reason that the whole research was
completed in provided time limit. This research is executed in order to develop well-being of
people and health professionals so that they can deal with issue of obesity. Out of overall sample
of nurses and midwives this was found that 38.13% were within normal BMI range, however
(61.87%) were faced the problem of being overweight. Almost seventy percent (68.40%) of of
the participants were lesser than the age group of 54.
Data collection
In the manner of direct method overall data was collected in order to frame research
results and to analyse research data in appropriate manner. Data collection is one of the
significant approach which is helpful within research to develop significant outcomes and to
convey results in specific manner (Mjønerud, 2019). In this research population of UK, New
Zealand and Australia are included and in this manner data was collected in overall manner.
Data analysis
In the Australian NMeS cohort the prevalence of obesity in those less than 54 years was
higher than in the general population, however this trend was reversed for those in the groups 55
years and older.
FINDINGS
From the above research this can be analysed that Within jurisdictional groups, the
generality of obesity in nurses and midwives regarded as 30% for males <24 years and males
>65 years and for females which are from age of 45–64years in Australia, for females 35–44 and
55–64 years in NZ and for males 25–34 years and for males and females 55–64 years in the UK.
Besides this Married nurses and midwives were the largest group facing obesity and whilst
37.32% of these nurses were normal weight, the majority (61.85%) fell in the category of
overweight. There was however a statistically significant association between principal speciality
and BMI category. Most nurses and midwives worked in acute care settings (Medical Surgical
Nursing/Oncology Palliative Care (26.81%) and Critical Care/Emergency Perioperative
(19.37%) followed by Family and Child Health/Community nursing (16.75%) and Midwifery
(11.68%).

CONCLUSION
From the above discussion this can be concluded that nurses and midwives are having
higher prevalence of obesity and being overweight. In general people with older age and females
are associated with higher chances of obesity. The consequences of being overweight is included
with high risk of obesity and negative impact of workforce engagement.

REFERENCES
books and journals
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of obesity risk, and self-disclosure of own health behaviours: An exploratory survey.
Nurse education today, 84, p.104232.
Pugh and et. al., 2019. Exercise, fitness and musculoskeletal health of undergraduate nursing
students: A cross‐sectional study. Journal of advanced nursing, 75(10), pp.2110-2121.
Perry and et. al.., 2018. Lifestyle health behaviors of nurses and midwives: The ‘fit for the
future’study. International journal of environmental research and public health, 15(5),
p.945.
Essen, K. and Brown, R., 2020. Impact of nurses' weight status on patient health promotion: A
literature review. Nursing Management, 51(8), pp.44-49.
Kyriazis, I., Tsagari, A. and Lappa Th, K.P., 2018. Prevalence of Obesity and Association with
Adherence to Mediterranean Diet in Medical, Nursing and Administrative Staff of a
Greek Public Hospital. Archives of Diabetes & Obesity, 1(2).
Booker and et. al.., 2018. Individual vulnerability to insomnia, excessive sleepiness and shift
work disorder amongst healthcare shift workers. A systematic review. Sleep medicine
reviews, 41, pp.220-233.
Glasper, A., 2020. Tackling UK obesity levels to reduce COVID-19 fatalities. British Journal of
Healthcare Assistants, 14(9), pp.450-455.
Mjønerud, J.M.F., 2019. Pregnancy and health behaviors: A cross-sectional study investigating
beliefs, attitudes and practices among Norwegian health care providers regarding
physical activity, gestational weight gain and nutrition (Master's thesis).
Lee, A., Newton, M., Radcliffe, J. and Belski, R., 2018. Pregnancy nutrition knowledge and
experiences of pregnant women and antenatal care clinicians: A mixed methods
approach. Women and Birth, 31(4), pp.269-277.
Senwamadi, S.B., 2018. Prevalence of obesity and level of physical activity among health care
professionals in rural hospitals in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo Province, South
Africa.
Richardson, C., 2019. A qualitative study of obese pregnant women’s understanding of weight
gain in pregnancy (Doctoral dissertation, Bournemouth University).
(Gormley and Melby, 2020)(Pugh and et. al., 2019)(Perry and et. al.., 2018)(Essen and Brown,
2020)(Kyriazis, Tsagari and Lappa Th, 2018)(Booker and et. al.., 2018)(Glasper, 2020)
(Mjønerud, 2019)(Lee and et. al, 2018)(Senwamadi, 2018)(Richardson, 2019)