University Project: Object-Oriented Analysis of Online Booking System

This project presents an object-oriented analysis and design of an online booking system for function room bookings. The report details the system's development using various UML modeling techniques. It begins with an introduction to object-oriented analysis and design principles, then proceeds to outline the system's functionalities through use cases, including login, registration, booking input, availability checks, browsing, selection, payment, cancellation, email notifications, and receipt generation. Each use case is accompanied by a description specifying actors, preconditions, main flows, and alternative flows. The project further develops a domain model to represent conceptual classes and their associations, followed by a sequence diagram illustrating the interactions between actors and system objects during a booking process. Finally, a class model is presented, identifying key classes such as Customer, Login, Staff, Booking, Room, and Payment, along with their attributes and relationships, culminating in a comprehensive class diagram that visually represents the system's structure. The project concludes with a reflection on the learning experience and the application of UML modeling techniques.

Running head: OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
Use Case..........................................................................................................................................2
Use case description....................................................................................................................3
Use case diagram.........................................................................................................................8
Domain Model.................................................................................................................................9
Identified domain classes...........................................................................................................10
Domain Model diagram.............................................................................................................11
Sequence Diagram.........................................................................................................................12
Class Model...................................................................................................................................13
Identified Classes.......................................................................................................................13
Class Diagram............................................................................................................................14
Conclusion & reflection.................................................................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................16

2OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Introduction
Object oriented analysis and design are based on the development which deals with the
data structure, flow of the data, behavior of the system and sequence of the interactions
(Xinogalos 2015). This paper discusses about the online booking system for function booking for
rooms. The system will be based on a website. The customer can log in to the system and book
for the rooms. This report includes use case modelling, domain modelling, class diagram and
sequence diagram to show the design development of the new system.
Use Case
In software development, use case is a methodology where the interaction between the actor and
the systems are explained. It is mainly associated with the functions that a user can perform in
the system (Zhang, Williams and Gatherer 2016). The use cases can represent the behavior and
flow of the system. It can be examined by studying the existing business process of booking
system of function rooms. It can be helpful in certain phases of development, such as planning,
design, validating and testing the software. Each use case must have actor, system and the goal
of the function. The use case identified for the new online function room booking system are
described below:
i. Login: Customer can login to the system to perform any functions. Similarly the Staff
needs to login with their credentials to perform any operation inside the system.
ii. Register: The Customer must register first in order to use the system functions. The user
identification number and password must be present in the system database.
iii. Input booking details: The customer needs to provide the date, time and the capacity for
the room to check and book in the system.

3OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
iv. Check Availability: The customer can check the availability of the rooms according to
the different criteria. Similarly system can filter the room on the basis of the provided
date, time and capacity.
v. Browse: The Customer can browse through the rooms which re picked by the system
after filtering according to the date, time and capacity.
vi. Select: The customer can select any rooms from the list provided by the system.
vii. Pay: After making a selection, customer is required to make payment for the booking. It
will confirm the booking with a reference number.
viii. Cancel Booking: The booking of a room can be cancelled by both customer and staff in
case of any situation.
ix. Generate receipt: The staff can generate the booking confirmation receipt to print.
x. Receive Email: After a successful booking the customer will receive an email for the
confirmation of the room booking.
Use case description
Use case description is an important part of use case modelling. It describes the sequence of the
steps to perform any operation, actors associated to it, goal of the use case, conditions,
assumptions, etc. (Yalla and Sharma 2014). The use case description of the identified use cases
for the online booking system is given below in a tabular format:
Use Case Login

4OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Name
Actors Staff, Customer
Preconditions User must exist.
User must be registered.
Main Flow User enters credentials
System matches the credentials in database
login successful
Alternative
flow
1. After registration 2. User accessing content page
without logging in.
Post condition User must be logged into the system.
Use Case
Name
Register
Actors Customer
Preconditions Customer must exist.
Customer details must be valid.
Main Flow Customer opens the website.
Customer enters the details.
Customer verifies with email or phone.
Alternative
flow
1. If an unregistered customer
is accessing.
2. Null.
Post condition

5OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Use Case
Name
Input Booking details
Actors Customer
Preconditions Customer must exist.
Main Flow Customer enters date, time and duration.
Alternative
flow
1. Customer filters rooms. 2. Null
Post condition
Use Case
Name
Check availability
Actors Customer
Preconditions Room must exist.
Customer must exist.
Main Flow Customer search for the availability.
Alternative
flow
1. System picks rooms based on
the provided details.
2. System recommends.
Post condition Results must be displayed.
Use Case
Name
Browse
Actors Customer

6OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Preconditions Customer must exist.
Rooms must exist.
Main Flow Customer browse through the list.
Alternative
flow
1. null 2. null
Post condition Customer should be able to see details of the available rooms.
Use Case
Name
Select
Actors Customer
Preconditions Customer must exist.
Room must exist.
Main Flow Customer selects from the list.
Alternative
flow
1. null 2. null
Post condition System must ask to proceed to pay.
Use Case
Name
Pay
Actors Customer
Preconditions Customer must exist.

7OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Funds must be available.
Main Flow Customer inputs payment details.
Customer verifies with the bank.
Payment is successful.
Alternative
flow
1. null 2. null
Post condition
Use Case
Name
Cancel Booking
Actors Customer, staff
Preconditions Customer must exist.
Staff must exist.
Booking must exist.
Main Flow Customer login to system.
Customer go to the bookings.
Customer cancels the booking.
Alternative
flow
1. Staff go the bookings.
Staff cancels the booking.
2. null
Post condition

8OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Use Case
Name
Receive Email
Actors Customer
Preconditions Customer must exist.
Booking must be successful.
Email must exist.
Main Flow Customer makes payments successfully.
Customer receives the email of booking confirmation.
Alternative
flow
1. null 2. null
Post condition Reference number must be available In the email.
Use Case
Name
Generate receipt
Actors Staff
Preconditions Booking must exist.
Staff must exist.
Main Flow Staffs go to the booking.
Staffs print the receipt of the booking.
Alternative
flow
1. null 2. null
Post condition Reference number must exist in receipt.

9OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Use case diagram
The use case diagram represents the actors, use cases and relationship among them. The below
diagram is the use case diagram of online booking system which is developed with the help of
the use cases identified and the business process (Seidl et al. 2015). The diagram clearly
represents which actors can perform which operations in the system.
Figure 1: Use case diagram of online booking system
Source: created by author

10OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Domain Model
In the domain modelling, the informal parameters of development are transformed into the
components of the software so it can be reusable whenever required. It is technique to represent
conceptual classes, association between them along with the domains of the attributes. The terms
can be specified as per their domains (Evans et al. 2014). It can achieve inheritance and high
abstraction level of software during the development. In terms of memory management and
maintenance of the software the domain modelling seems advantageous. The size of the codes
and LOC (Lines of codes) is also minimum when using domain modelling technique of the
classes. Below, the identified domain classes are discussed:
Identified domain classes
ID: The ID domain is the domain of identification numbers or unique values that is stored in a
class. For example the customer ID, Staff ID, reference Number, Room number, and payment ID
are the unique attributes which have the same ID domain.
Name: It consists of simple string that is associated with the attributes that stores the name of the
customer or staff. The first letter of the string can be capitalized.
User id: It is associated with all of the user ids of the login system whether it is for staff or user.
It can have a special sort of patterns of alphabets or numeric to create a username.
Password: It is associated with the all types of passwords and secret keys which are stored as
attributes. The object is private and the domain can have the password criteria such as length of
the password, capital letters, small letters and special characters etc.
Email: All the email related attributes can have data type as Email domain. It can be defined as
having ‘@’ in the email necessarily.

11OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
Phone: All the phone number related attributes will use this domain. It will be an integer value,
data size up to 10 characters.
Date: All the date related attributes in the classes can use ‘Date’ domain. It can be created using
the string. The format of the dates can also be defined in this domain.
Currency: All the amount related attributes will use currency domain. It can consist of float
values.
Domain Model diagram
After identification of the domain classes, the relationship between the classes can be
established (Karsai et al. 2014). The domain model class diagram for the online booking system
is represented below along with the attributes which are required to perform the system.