Evaluating Waste in the Ocean: Sources, Impacts, and Solutions

This report examines the critical issue of waste in the ocean, focusing on plastic pollution, sea dumping, and oil spills, particularly in the context of Australia. It highlights the detrimental effects of plastic waste, including the ingestion of plastic by marine animals, and the pervasive contamination of surface waters. The report also addresses sea dumping practices regulated by the Environment Protection Act 1981 and the hazardous consequences of oil spills, such as the Montara oil spill, emphasizing their immediate fire hazards and adverse effects on marine life. The report concludes by suggesting solutions such as promoting reusable shopping bags, supporting plastic ban programs, raising awareness through social media, and organizing cleanup camps. It also advocates for stricter enforcement of laws against sea dumping and preventive measures against oil spills, stressing the importance of government actions to reduce pollution and protect biodiversity and ecological systems. The document is available on Desklib, a platform offering study tools and resources for students.

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Table of content
 Introduction
 Plastic Pollution
 Sea Dumping
 Oil Spill
 Solution for removing plastic from ocean
 Solution for Sea Dumping
 Solution for Oil Spill
 Conclusion
 References

INTRODUCTION
 Water pollution is a serious issue in each and every country, but
in Australia it is a much contrasting situation as compared to any
other countries around the globe.
Water pollution can cause serious issues like volatility,
discombobulation, iniquity, discomposure to the ecosystem.
In Australia, water pollution is a huge problem. There are so
many unique species of birds, fishes and marine mammals that
are only available in Australia.
Marine pollution lead to misbalance in ecosystem and threatened
the lives of these creatures and species. In Australia, main source
of pollution is land based.

Plastic Pollution
According to the recent survey, around 8 million tonnes of plastic
went into the ocean.
Plastic take long time to dissolve in water because it is made of very
strong material.
The main issue is that marine animals often mistaken plastic bags as
food and eat them, which is not at all healthy for them.

Contd....
 Deadliest type of plastic is used for making plastic bags in
Australia. Approximately, 10 million plastic bags are used by
Australian people on daily basis.
 Soda bottles, juice cans and chips wrappers are also very
harmful for the animals who are living in the ocean.
 According to the recent survey, surface water of Australian sea
is contaminated by approximately 4000 pieces of tiny plastics.

SEA DUMPING
 In a variety of ways, objects are dumped into the sea.
 In Australia, sea dumping of wastes is a common practice.
 From last 70 years, domestic legislation regulates the sea
dumping in Australia.

 Restrictions are increased by the domestic legislation of
Australia on what type of material is being dumped in the
water.
 Sea dumping can be defined as disposal of harmful wastes in
the sea from vessels or other structures made by human being.
 Environment Protection Act 1981, regulates the sea dumping
in the Australia.
 Coastlines of Australia are vastly threatened by the pollution.
Contd..

OIL SPILLS
 The abscond of oil in to the water bodies.
 The Montara oil spill is considered to be the Australia's worst
oil disaster.
 Release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbon in the marine
ecosystem.
 The main reason behind the oil spill in Australia is release of
crude oil from tankers in the ocean.

 For society, oil spill can have hazardous consequences.
 Oil spills at sea are generally much more hazardous than those
on lands.
 Oil spill can cause immediate fire hazard.
 Spilled oil can effect marine animals in a very adverse way.
Contd..

Solution for removing plastic from the ocean
 Usage of shopping bags that are made of cloth
recycle plastic bottles cans and bags
Support plastic ban program
Spread the awareness with the help of social media
Organise beach and ocean clean camps and participate in them

Solution for Sea Dumping
Laws and Regulations : Australia regulates the sea dumping under
the Environment Protection Act 1981. This act is related to
protecting environment and biodiversity.
Creating Awareness : This problem can be solved by educating
people about the hard facts of ocean dumping and generating
awareness among them.

Solution for oil spill
 Type of oil spilled and water temperature are the factors on which
recovery from the oil spill depends.
 By preventing spill from reaching seashore.