Marine and Offshore Hazards: Safety, Training, and Regulations Report

This report provides a comprehensive overview of marine and offshore hazards, encompassing various aspects of safety training, accident analysis, and industry regulations. It begins with an introduction to the marine industry, highlighting major shipyard incidents such as the Spyros accident and the FPSO conversion process, detailing the components and potential hazards involved. The report then delves into the specific challenges in hazardous industries, particularly in oil and gas drilling, addressing worker safety, geographic challenges, and gender-specific issues. It explores the importance of safety training, common workplace hazards, and various training methods. The report further examines policies, procedures, and strategies for hazard management, including elements of hazard management and safety training. It also discusses conformity assessment systems and product safety, along with strategic themes and stakeholder involvement. The report concludes with a review of global trends and product compliance requirements, providing a thorough analysis of the multifaceted nature of safety in the marine and offshore sectors.

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Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

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The article discusses the importance, scheduling, time allocation, procedure, employee
involvement, modules/objectives, budget, goals and resources associated with safety
training.
The objective is to provide a clear understanding of safety training, who would be
responsible for the training, policies and procedures that needs to be addressed in the
training, strategies that can be utilised and effective ways to improve the training process.
Topics Covered in the article:
Types of Hazards that can be reduced by safety training (Falls, Incorrect Machine Use,
Physical Injuries, Medical Emergencies) Typical Training Topics; Monthly Training
Topics; Training Planning Checklist; Assessment of training needs; Setting Priorities;
Other alternatives and support to training (Changing equipment, changing procedure,
installing engineering controls, changing supervision); Identifying objectives; Assessment
of Safety training; Needs for training for the Safety Trainers; Preparing Training
Materials; Types of training methods; Challenges in safety training; Preventing fatal
incidents; Training Games; Developing training profram; Reasons for job accidents;
Adapting training; Pigeonholing older workers; Communication tips; Trainer
Effectiveness
Policies and Procedure that can be covered in the safety training includes:
Company safety policies and work rules
Safety practices and procedures for accident prevention
Regulations related to smoking
Procedures on emergency evacuation

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Reporting accidents, injuries
Safe housekeeping rules
Facility security system and procedure
Handling procedures for materials and safe lifting technbiques
Safe methods for handling, using, or storing hazardous materials, and the location of
MSDSs
Strategies
Types of training methods:
Classroom training (discussions, lectures, storytelling, videos and powerpoint
presentations)
Hands on practice and demonstrations
On Job Training and cross training
Computer base training (presentations, multimedia and e learning)
Strategies to deliver lectures:
Short 7 min lecture sessions
Training Games
Strategy to improve effectiveness of training
Assessment
Feedback

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Observation
Demonstration
Summary:
The article discusses the various hazards in an offshore oil and gas industry, including
some specific challenges that are gender specific, and faced by women.
Hazards in Oil and Gas Drilling: worker safety, geographic challenges and gender specific
issues
Geographic Challenges: Indentifying deposits in the rock, identifying reservoirs and traps,
exploration and field delineation.
Offshore drilling types: Jack Up Rigs, Deep Water Drilling
Notable Accidents: Land Well in Asia, Piper Alpha, Oman 2002, India 2001, Indonesia 2000,
Deepwater Horizon
Worker Safety Training: Survival Training, Using Equipments to get off the installation;
Emergence Response System (Escape chutes); Location Specific training: (H2S, Mercury,
High Temperature, HEAT (Hostile Environment Awareness Training))
Gender Specific Issues:
3% of women work in Offshore Oil and Gas Industry (mainly in catering, maintenance and
health & safety).
Chalenges Faced by Wemen: Environmental, Accomodations, Physical Strength,
Stereotyping, peer perception
Biggest Challenge: Individual perception

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Policies and procedures:
Survival Training
Safeguard Engineering
Offshore specific training
Emergence Response Training
BIOSEIT training
Major Shipyard Accidents: Spyros Accident
FPSO conversion process (components: pre arrival to conversion yard, arrival shipyard,
construction/ commissioning, Turret Module Fabrication, Flare System, Fuel Gas, Separation,
Water Injection, Export Metering, Utilities, Power generation, e house, steam boilers, marine
systems)
Major Offshore Accidents
Safety Case: Purpose
Major Accident Hazards: Hydrocarbon related (Fire/Explosion, Gas dispersion); Non
Hydrocarbon related (Transportation accident, ship collision, Crane and boom collapse,
occupational accident, dropped objects)
Elements of a Safety Case: descriptive (info on MHI), MAPP & SHMS (Focus on major
accident), Predictive (Identification of Major Accidents & Risk Assessment), Process Safety,
Mechanical Engineering, Electrica, control & instrumentation, Human Factors (safety,
critical task, roles and design), Emergency response (incorporating domino impact), ALARP
(gap analysis and demonstration).

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Elements of hazard management and safety training:
Hazard Management and FSA; Dispersion and Radiation; Hydrocarbon gas release; Fire and
Explosion; Safety Integrity Levels (SIL): SIL 0, SIL A, SIL 1, SIL 2, SIL 3, SIL 4; Non
Hydrocarbon Hazard Analysis (IRPA and PLL); Quantifying Risk: IRPA (individual risk per
annum); Predicted Noise Level Contour; Risk Matrices; Dropped Objects; Understanding
risk.; Tolerable vs Acceptable Risk; ALARP and Tolerable risk; Risk Martix
FPSE Conversion
Safety Case
Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis
Hazard Management and FSAFIre and Explosion Study
Safety Integration Level Studies
No Hydrocarbon hazard analysis
Quantifying Risk
Risk Metrics
ALARP
Tolerable Risk
YUV SUD at a Glance: 150 years of quality and safety, 1000 loacations globally, 6.3 billion
euro annual revenue, 24000 employees, 43% revenue outside Germany, 574000
certifications, 100% independent and impartial, 1 stop solution provider.

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Strategic Themes: Consumer Protection, Digital Transformation, Sustainable Development,
Urbanization
Target Industries: Aumotive and Road Safety, Consumer Products and Food, Energy and
Processing, Healthcare and Medical Devices, Industrial Manufacturing, Real Estate and
Infrastructure
Expertise: testing and product certification, inspection, auditing and system certification,
knowledge services, training
Incidents: Mannnheim steam boiler accident 1866; Chicago Expo File 1894
Stakeholder Involvement: Government and Regulatory Agencies, Manufacturers,
Retailer/Distributer, Consumer, Standards and Certification Organization
Customer Concerns: safety, reliability, accuracy of data, impact/effect of usage, accessibility,
hazards, privacy, value for money
Considerations for adoption: reliability, security, performance, meeting requirements, safety,
standards, liability, data collection, eco friendliness.
Regulating Authority: safety, regulations, security, track record, environmental friendliness
Global Trends: accelerated globalization, increased global trades, climate change
Classification of product compliance requirements
Consumer safety
Product Safety

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Conformity Assessment System
Codes and standards
Accreditation
Product Safety: Risk assessment (inherent risks of a product, risks from product usage)
Non Tariff Barriers
Product Liability
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Hassan, R.B., Asad, M.M., Soomro, Q.M. and Sherwani, F., 2017. Severity of the Casing
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On and Offshore Oil and Gas Industry: A Cross-Sectional Investigation into Safety
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