Underpinning Knowledge Assessment: Occupational Health and Safety

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Underpinning Knowledge Assessment
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Q1. Employers, managers and employees all have responsibilities under OH&S legislations.
Outline:
• An organisation’s responsibilities
Organisation responsibility is to ensure suitable and effective cooperation with the employer in
respect of any action in relation to the compliance procedure (Lyons, 2019). In addition it will in
the management of the individual performance along with the overall organisational
performance.
• A first line manager’s responsibilities
The main responsibility of the first line manger is to ensure reasonable and effective care for
their own health and safety along with the health and safety of others (Lingard, et. al., 2019). In
addition, it is responsible for the compliance of the suitable instructions, policies and procedures
formulated by the employer or the controller of the workplace.
• An employee’s responsibility
Employees responsibility is to ensure proper and effective coordination with the employer such
that to have proper health and safety in the work environment. In addition, it is the responsibility
of the employees to use the equipments of the workplace in the proper and presentable form.
For the elaboration of the information meeting or training sessions are required to be conducted
such that to have better and systematic operations (Lyons, 2019).
Q2. Identify three (3) industry networks that may be accessed to ensure currency of
Occupational Health and Safety information and changes to legislative requirements.
In this respect, the three networks that may be accessed top ensure currency of Occupational
Health and Safety information and changes to legislative requirements majorly includes:
 Identification of the hazard
 Assessment of the risk factors (Lingard, et. al., 2019)
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 Make changes in the risk control factors
Q3 Nominate and explain four (4) communication skills and interpersonal techniques you
would utilize to explain the importance of consultation processes in managing OH&S.
Speaking skills: With the aid of the concerned skill the authority concern elaborate on the
effective and suitable explanation of the varied aspects leading to better work operations.
Visual process of communication: It will assist in gaining of the suitable and effective
information through the scanning of the market terms (Terry, et. al., 2015).
Listening carefully: With the aid of these skills proper and effective knowledge can be gained
with respect to the subject matter among all the employees leading to better work operations
(Loeppke, et. al., 2015).
Understanding and leading: It is necessary that the employer focus on the understanding of all
the health hazards and ensuring that the suitable direction that can lead to success.
Q4 Explain five (5) of the key elements of a training needs analysis (TNA). How does a
TNA conducted to assess Occupational Health and Safety issues vary from a more
conventional or generic TNA.
Five key elements of training need analysis majorly and effectively include:
Audience analysis: It assists in the identification of the needs of the employees in an effective
manner.
Job analysis: It assists in the better underst6anding of the facts related to the job conditions and
environment.
Task analysis: It involves the complexities of the activities involved or to be performed in order
to have suitable health effects.
Environment analysis: It assists in the understanding of the series of the changes that are
prevailing in the market environment so as to conform it to the industrial activities (Loeppke, et.
al., 2015).
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Cost-benefit analysis: It elaborates on the suitable alignment on the factors of the cost and the
benefits that can be gained with the concerned element.
To manage with occupational hazards TNA element will support in the addressing of the skill
gaps at the organizational level, group level and individual level such that suitable assistance can
be gained in respect of the learning and development in relation to the occupational health
hazards (Friend and Kohn, 2018).
Q5 Identify five (5) resources or sources of information you would utilize when conducting
a review of an organizations training processes and materials.
Various sources and resources that can be utilize when conducting a review of an organizations
training processes and materials includes:
 Organisational analysis
 Person analysis
 Work or task analysis
 Performance analysis
 Cost-benefit analysis
Q6 Most organizations budget for a percentage of gross turn-over to be spent of
Occupational Health & Safety training. What do think is an appropriate percentage for
your workplace and why?
In relation to the set up of the budget for a percentage of the gross turnover to be spent on
Occupational Health & Safety training must be 10% to the minimum (Phillips, 2016). It will
assist the authority of the company concern in better dealing with the prospects of the health
hazards leading to better working patterns.
Q7 Describe the steps to take if there is a hazard in the work area you are responsible for.
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In case of the hazard in the work area the following steps can be taken by the authority concern
in order to deal with the situation:
Step 1: Identification of the hazards in the work area (Friend and Kohn, 2018)
Step 2: Focus on the intensity of the risk factors.
Step 3: Make suitable measures to manage the risk or to control the risk factors so as to ensure
smooth and systematic operations.
Step 4: Ensure suitable and effective policies that can be implemented to manage the work
operations in the hazards (Phillips, 2016).
Q8 Nominate and describe the processes an organisation must complete to review and
update OHS policies and procedures from feedback gained during consultation.
For the review and up gradation of the OHS policies and procedures from feedback gained
during consultation include:
Step 1: Identify the need to upgrade the policies
Step 2: Identify the authority who will lead to take the responsibility with respect to the policies.
Step 3: Gathering of the suitable and viable information
Step 4: Draft an upgraded policy structure
Step 5: Consult to the appropriate stakeholders (Antonsen, 2017)
Step 6: Finalize or approve the new policy
Q9 what is the difference between a hazard and a risk? Discuss how you can identify the
fundamental differences between hazard and risk and explain what employers and
managers should do if they become aware of a hazard.
The major difference between hazard and risk involves that hazard is something that can cause
serious harm while the risk is the chance that can be high or low that any hazard. Employers and
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managers must ensure to formulate suitable steps that can assist in the prevention of the
accidents. This will assist them in the identification and monitoring the risk factors leading to
better safety and health prospects (Bi, et. al., 2018).
Q10 Explain the role that consultation plays in managing a safe workplace.
The various role that consultation plays in managing a safe workplace includes:
 It play major and effective role in the identification and assessment of the risk factors.
 Assists in the gathering of the suitable and vital information with respect to the technical
guidance about workplace hazards and risk in relation to the plant, equipment and substances.
 Focus on the effective management of the change so as to have a proper and effective overview
that can assist in the improving health status in the workplace.
Q11 Nominate your preferred method to ensure participation of individuals and teams in
OHS management.
For the active participation of all the individuals and teams in OHS management the focus must
be made by the authority concern on the removing of the barriers that hampers the participation.
This will assist in the gaining of the suitable ideas and views that can ensure suitable working
patterns (Bi, et. al., 2018). In addition it will also assist the authority concern in the grasping of
the suitable opportunities that can ensure better working for the long prospects of time.
Q12 why is it important to promptly address all issues raised during consultation? What
are the possible outcomes of not addressing issues?
It is important to promptly address all issues raised during consultation as it essential to have
proper employee communication. In other words, good communication and consultation is an
essential aspect or the central point for the management of the processes. This will as a result
assist in the managing of the changes in working practices and procedures.
In case the issues are not addressed in the proper and effective manner, it may lead to the
negative consequences that can hamper the working patterns. Further provided, if the issues are
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not addressed in a proper manner, it may lead to the danger environment that can affect the heath
prospects in a great manner.
Q13 Is there a need to record all ideas / issues raised during the consultative process, even
those that were deemed irrelevant? Explain your answer.
Yes, it is necessary to record all the issues and ideas during the process of the consultation as this
will assist in gaining suitable and effective knowledge with respect to all the facts and aspects
related to the work operations (Ting‐Toomey, 2015). However, the issues and ideas can be
recorded in accordance to the level of importance. This will as a result assist in the better and
effective command and supervision on all the activities leading to the creation of the safe
workplace.
Q14 Nominate three (3) benefits to the organisation and three (3) benefits to the individual
for facilitating OH&S training.
Three benefits to the organization for facilitating OH&S training includes:
 Assists in the greater level of the employee involvement and safety
 Assists in the building of the strong and effective reputation
 Assist in the effective retention of the employees (Bi, et. al., 2018)
Three benefits to the individuals for facilitating OH&S training includes:
 Assist in the reduction of the accidents and injuries
 Assists in the saving of the cost with respect to the legal issues.
 Assists in the creation of the healthy and safe environment (Ting‐Toomey, 2015)
Q15 Explain the need for maintaining OH&S training records and documenting the
costing of OH&S training.
With the need to maintaining of the OH&S training records the company concern cam ensure to
have better and effective compliance with the various laws applicable to the particular industry.
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In addition it will also assist in the keeping of the suitable evidence in case of any legal
parameters. Further provided, it is also required to keep suitable records of the cost such that to
ensure proper and effective command on the cost. This will assist in the effective attainment of
the goals and objectives.
Q16 Identify six (6) risks associated with the security industry
Six risks associated with the security industry majorly include:
 Cybercrime
 Natural disasters and technological disasters (Ting‐Toomey, 2015)
 Complexities in terms of the infrastructure
 Security and privacy issues
 Malicious attacks
 Work organization risk factors
Q17 Explain the hierarchy of control. Use one (1) of the risks identified in Question 16, as an
example to illustrate how the Hierarchy of Control is used to effectively control risks.
In relation to the complexities in terms of the infrastructure the focus is to be made by the top
level concerns. For the purpose it is required that the authorities of the company concern ensure
to formulate suitable and effective policies and procedures that can assist in better decision
making. This will act as a suitable measure in the effective assessment and measuring of the risk
factors.
Q18 Nominate three (3) processes that may be utilized to identify hazards within the
workplace.
Three processes that may be utilized to identify hazards within the workplace include:
Process 1: Identification of the hazard.
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Process 2: Assessment of the risk factors (Patten, 2019)
Process 3: Identification of the measures that can control the risk factors.
Q19 Write a standard operating procedure regarding the guidelines relating to the use of
restraints, batons, handcuffs, sprays and firearms.
With respect to the use of restraints, batons, handcuffs, sprays and firearms the focus is to be
made on the effective understanding with respect to the use of the product. This will assist in safe
working.
Apart from that proper and effective understanding must be there to all the employees with
respect to the use of batons, handcuffs, sprays and firearms so as to ensure proper and effective
command on all the facts and aspects.
For the purpose suitable session must be conducted in a proper and effective time frame. This
will assist in better command and supervision on all the facts and aspects.
Q20 Explain how the Risk Assessment Matrix is used in assessing an identified hazard /
risk.
Risk Assessment Matrix is an effective matrix tool that is used in the assessment of the risk
factors by considering the category of probability or likelihood of consequence severity. This
will assist in the establishment of the suitable mechanism to increase visibility of risks. This will
assist in the effective management leading to better decision making with respect to the current
and forthcoming activities (Patten, 2019).
The concerned tool assists in the industrial sector in comprehending the nature of the hazard
determining the level of risk. As such the authorities of the industrial sector will gain a suitable
and effective command on the maintenance of the suitable and safe workplace (Benokraitis,
2019).
Q21 Research the relevant legislation that affects security operations. List the legislation that
governs the following matters:
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A. OH&S:
It is governed by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970.
B. Equal opportunity
It is governed by the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972
C. Industrial relations
It is governed by the Labor relation act 2009.
D. Anti-discrimination
It is governed by the Civil Rights Act 1964.
E. Use of force
It is governed by Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
Q22 Nominate two (2) OH&S licensing and / or legislative compliance requirements applicable
to the security industry.
Two OH&S licensing and / or legislative compliance requirements applicable to the security
industry involve:
 To ensure that all the legal laws and regulations are properly and effectively complied such that
to avoid all sets of the barrier in respect of the legal aspects.
To have suitable command on the varied aspects so as to ensure that all the activities are
conducted as per the set norms and policies (Patten, 2019).
Q23 Identify the OH&S hazards / risks associated with the following security related
situations.
1. Guard dogs
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In relation to the guard dogs there can be series of the risk factors that involves sharps related
injuries, heavy lifting, animal bites and scratches and animal allergens.
2. Apprehension or arrest of persons
There can be series of the legal issues in relation to the apprehension or arrest of persons as a
person who makes a citizen arrest can cause series of the risk with respect t the possible lawsuits
and criminal charges (Benokraitis, 2019). In case if any wrong person is apprehended various
civil rights can be violated.
3. Use of fire arms
The main purpose of the fire arms is to minimise the risk of unintentional death. However, the
use of the fire arms legislation will likely to increase a black market. Further5 it does not add any
specific value in the better and smooth work operations.
4. Use of restraints
Restrain is a measure that requires a person to be in a proper position and prevent movement
during the surgery such that to minimise the level of risk and prevent human behaviour.
However, it requires proper and effective understanding otherwise the injury can be more
dangerous.
5. Hand cuffs
Hand cuffs are the restrain devices designed to secure individuals wrists in proximity to each.
However, the major risk associated with the handcuffs is that the individual concern may lose
balance that can act as a major threat to the health prospects and safety (Connolly Jr, 2018).
6. Batons
Batons are also harmful as it tends to create a great sort of disturbance among all the individuals
leading to poor health and safety workplace.
7. Spray
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This will lead to diverting of the minds of the ind9ividual concern leading to the poor health
prospects (Connolly Jr, 2018).
Q24 Discuss what procedures are in place within your organisation regarding the
following:
A. Emergency situations
In case of the emergency situations, the proper meeting is conducted discussing all the points of
the situation. This will assist in the better and effective knowledge leading to the effective
decision making with respect to the current conditions. This will also ensure better work
environment leading to safe workplace.
B. Evacuation procedures
For the purpose of the evacuation procedures appropriate conditions are formulated that can
assist in the structuring of the suitable framework that can assist in dealing with threat related to
the building occupants and other technological equipments.
C. First aid response
This provides suitable and effective assistance in case of the injury or any other occupational
hazard. This will assist in creation of the effective atmosphere thereby gaining of the suitable
employee involvement.
Q25 Briefly discuss the roles and responsibilities of employers and employees with regard
to consultative arrangements
Roles and responsibilities of employers with regard to consultative arrangements
 Assists in the better and effective identification of the risk factors
 Supports in the assessment of the risk factors that tends to ensure better work operations.
 Ensuring suitable and effective decisions with respect to the adequacy of the facilities leading to
better welfare of the people (Connolly Jr, 2018)..
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