ACME Training Package B: OS Features and Services Report Analysis

This report offers a technical evaluation of the structure and functionalities of operating systems, including memory, CPU, devices, file management, and security, while also discussing the operational aspects, functionality, and dependencies of performance and error management. The report delves into the structure and functions of memory, CPU, storage, and other components. The memory management structure is examined, focusing on queues, main memory, and secondary memory, along with paging and segmentation. The report also explores CPU architecture, including Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, and their functions like fetch, decode, execute, and store. Furthermore, it addresses device configuration, file systems, and security measures implemented by operating systems. Performance and error management are analyzed in terms of functionality, operations, and dependencies, providing a comprehensive overview of operating system design and functionality. The report successfully provides a technical evaluation of the structure and functionalities of memory, processor, devices, file, security, and about the functionality, operations and dependency of performance and error management.

Running head: KEY FEATURES AND SERVICES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
Key Features and Services of Operating Systems
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note

1KEY FEATURES AND SERVICES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
Executive Summary
This report is a technical evaluation of the structure and functionalities of memory, processor,
devices, file and security while also discussing operations, functionality and dependency of
performance and error management. After that the report explains how the memory, CPU,
storage and components are structured and what their functions are. Thereafter, the report
comes to an end.

2KEY FEATURES AND SERVICES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Technical Evaluation..................................................................................................................3
Structure and Functions..........................................................................................................3
Memory..............................................................................................................................3
Processor............................................................................................................................3
Devices...............................................................................................................................4
File......................................................................................................................................4
Security..............................................................................................................................4
Performance and Error Management (Functionality)........................................................4
Performance and Error Management (Operation)..............................................................5
Performance and Error Management (Dependency)..........................................................5
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................................6

3KEY FEATURES AND SERVICES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
Introduction
The following report is a technical evaluation of the structure and functionalities of
memory, CPU, devices, file, security, and about the functionality, operations and dependency
of performance and error management (Yildiz, Lekesiz and Yildiz 2016). The report proceeds
to explain how the memory, CPU, storage and components are structured and what their
functions are. After this, the report comes to an end.
Technical Evaluation
Structure and Functions
Memory
The memory management structure of operating systems are based on queues storing
the processes, the main memory and the secondary memory (Kaplan, Yavits and Ginosar
2018). When the processes are executed they are loaded to main memory. These programs
access permanent data from secondary memory through read and write operations.
The primary functions of the memory are paging and segmentation. Paging helps
systems in addressing more memory than what is physically installed in the computer. This
extra memory is part of the secondary memory and is called the virtual memory.
Segmentation on the other hand refers to the memory management technique where jobs are
divided into multiple segments of varying sizes.
Processor
The structure of processors or CPUs can differ based on the architecture of the CPU
being used. As per Von Neumann and Harvard architectures, CPUs can have different design
configuration of Control Unit, ALU, memory and I/O (Bourzac 2017). The CPUs based on
Von Neumann architecture have Control Unit and ALU coupled together, a unified memory

4KEY FEATURES AND SERVICES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
unit and units for input and output while CPUs based upon Harvard architecture have
different units for Control Unit, ALU, Instruction memory, Data memory and I/O unit.
The different functions of CPUs are fetch, decode, execute and store. In fetching, each
instruction gets loaded to the memory with their own addresses. In decode the processes that
need to be executed are translated to Assembly instructions. During execution, the CPU
instructions perform calculations in the ALU for either transfer of data from different
memory locations or jump to different addresses (Barla, Joshi and Bhat 2020). In storing, the
CPU requires to provide feedback after execution of instructions and output of data written to
memory.
Devices
Configuration of input output and peripheral devices are also managed through the
operating system of the computer. Some peripheral devices and I/O devices can also come
with preinstalled proprietary OS and firmware.
File
The file system is managed by operating systems through different file path hierarchy
within the drive of respective secondary storage devices. File hierarchy can also be set in
unified drive through RAID configurations.
Security
Operating systems ensure security by providing different access levels, authorization
for different users. Another method of securing is by utilizing the hardware based security
schemes present in the computer.
Performance and Error Management (Functionality)
The functional integration of OS performance and error management focusses on
several functional energies, strategies and policies and plans for different parts of the system.

5KEY FEATURES AND SERVICES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
Performance and Error Management (Operation)
The operations related to performance and error management can include execution of
programs, handling of I/O operations, file system manipulation, detection and handling of
errors, resource allocation and protection of information.
Performance and Error Management (Dependency)
The identification and mapping of all external dependencies of software applications
define the processes concerning dependency of performance and error management.
Conclusion
In conclusion the above report successfully makes a technical evaluation of the
structure and functionalities of memory, processor, devices, file, security, and about the
functionality, operations and dependency of performance and error management. The report
then explains the way that memory, CPU, storage and components are structured and what
their functions are and presents the functionality, operations and dependencies.

6KEY FEATURES AND SERVICES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
References
Barla, P., Joshi, V.K. and Bhat, S., 2020. A Novel Low Power and Reduced Transistor Count
Magnetic Arithmetic Logic Unit Using Hybrid STT-MTJ/CMOS Circuit. IEEE Access, 8,
pp.6876-6889.
Bourzac, K., 2017. Has Intel created a universal memory technology?[News]. IEEE
Spectrum, 54(5), pp.9-10.
Kaplan, R., Yavits, L. and Ginosar, R., 2018. PRINS: Processing-in-storage acceleration of
machine learning. IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, 17(5), pp.889-896.
Yildiz, B.S., Lekesiz, H. and Yildiz, A.R., 2016. Structural design of vehicle components
using gravitational search and charged system search algorithms. Materials Testing, 58(1),
pp.79-81.