Analysis of Operation Management: Leaders, Theories, and Approaches

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of operation management, focusing on the roles and responsibilities of leaders and managers within an organization, using M&S as a case study. It explores the importance of leadership in guiding employees and the functions of managers in overseeing various aspects of the corporation. The report delves into different leadership theories such as situational, system, and contingency leadership, providing insights into their applications. Furthermore, it examines key approaches to operation management, including Six Sigma, lean theory, and Total Quality Management (TQM), highlighting their impact on product quality, customer satisfaction, and cost reduction. The report also discusses factors that influence operation management activities, emphasizing their role in achieving effective results in the workplace.

Operation management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................3
TASK 1......................................................................................................................................3
P1 Managers and leaders roles or responsibilities............................................................3
TASK 2......................................................................................................................................4
P2 Roles of leaders and mangers in the different situations ............................................4
P3 different theories and model of leadership..................................................................5
TASK3.......................................................................................................................................7
P4 Key approaches to operation management..................................................................7
P5 Importance of operation management.........................................................................8
TASK 4......................................................................................................................................9
P6 Factors that impact upon the operation management..................................................9
CONCLUSION........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
This report will discuss the role and responsibilities of leaders and mangers in
organization. Leaders are who guide the employees and motivate them to achieve the task in
desire manner. This report is based on the M&S which is one of the most famous retailer
company in the UK. On the other hand manger are those who manage all the functions of
corporation. Apart from this, this report also describe the different theories and style of
leadership. This report also explains the key approaches of operation management such as six
sigma and lean theory. Six sigma approach is used by operation manager to improve the
quality of product and lean theory is used to provide the product according to the customer’s
needs and desire. On the other hand this report also focus on the importance of operation
manger in corporation. Operation manager determines and manage all the factors in
organization to achieve the success. At the end report explains different factors that impact
upon operation management activities that helps to promote effective results at workplace.
TASK 1
P1 Managers and leaders roles or responsibilities
Leaders: leadership is the action of guiding the employees to achieve the goals. A
good leader always sets a clear vision to complete the tasks. Leaders are very important
person in any corporation to get success in effective manner. A god leader has to maintain
good relationship with all the workers. Leader should keep a good and positive behavior to
communicate with employees. A leader have to multitasking so that he can achieve the goal.
Leadership is the process of influencing people to perform assigned tasks freely, effectively
and completely.
Role of leader are as follows:
 Needed at all levels: leadership considered important functions that is needed at
different level of the business. It is important in the plans and policies. Leadership
means guide to subordinates in effective manner.
 Representative of organization: leader has a main role to represent the business.
Leaders possess their roles and duties in different functions such as seminars,
conferences and general meetings. Apart from this leader has responsibilities to
represent his own department which he leads.
 In respect to attain the desired goals and objectives, goals will be accomplish through
making extra efforts for the aims and objectives.

 Philosopher and guide: the main role of leader is to guide the employees in right
direction to achieve the goals. They can take important part to communicate the plans
and to achieve the goals of organization
 The leadership complete the three main tasks such as he set the objectives the second
task is to direct the employees to achieve the task in good manner.
Role of manger in the organization: Manger has main role in organization because he
mange’s all the fields of corporations(Zhang, Shah, 2013). The main five task which is done
by the mangers in the organization are as follows:
 Planning: in this step managers makes effective plan to achieve the target. Managers
needs to concentrate on the necessary steps to accomplish goals and objectives.
 Organizing: In the business, plan considered by the manger to focus on the needs to
organize his team and materials according to the plan.
 Staffing: after a plan managers many decide to beef up his staffing by recruiting,
selecting, training and developing employees.
 Leading: He/she perform their duties to emcourage people towards the aims and
objectives. So manger should listen the problem and try to resolve in effective
manner.
 Controlling: manger has responsibility to check the process and results on regular
basis to get the success.
So leader and manger plays a main role in the success of organization but both of
them plays different role in the corporation. They have different responsibilities and duties to
achieve the success.Leader has responsibilities to guide and motivate the employees to get the
target on the other hand manger has reasonability to manage all the fields and staff to achieve
the succes
TASK 2
P2 Roles of leaders and mangers in the different situations
In order to have good reputation and brand image manager of M&S has to ensure that
all operations of business are being taken into account. To enhance the performance of
employees. Leader has to motivate them through the different trainings and development.
When leader is able to build a good relationship with his or her subordinates then employees

will be feel relax and will share their ideas and skills with leader and this process will
improve the productivity of business(Sedaghati, and Kavousi-Fard, 2014).
 Leaders role at the conflict stage: At the disagreements situation leader has
responsibility to understand the employees and listen them. Some time conflicts are
occurred among the employees at that time leader has responsibility to remove the
disagreements through the effective communication. Leader should examine all the
situations and should collect the information about the issues. After that he should
solve the problem at his level if he not able and employees are not happy with his or
her solution at that time he has responsibility to inform the top management. He
should discuss the issue with manager to find the best solutions. Supervision is only
person who determine or identifying conflict matter while providing proper solutions
regarding to it. At the conflict stage, manger has responsibility to contact and collect
information about the issues from the leader and should give the bets solution with the
effective plan.
 Motivation: leader has responsibility to motivate the employees to enhance their
products and services. As motivation is very important because through the
motivation employees are able to provide their extra efforts in the success of
corporation. The leader of M&S mainly focuses on the motivation of employees. For
their motivation he is providing different trainings and development through the
T&D, workers are able to share their skills and knowledge with each other. And this
process will improve the productivity of business because through the new skills and
techniques employees are able to satisfy their customers at high level. At that time
manager has responsibility to maintain all the suctions and operations through the
effective planning, controlling etc.
P3 different theories and model of leadership
There are different types of theories and models which are followed by the leaders to
achieve the target of organization. As leader has to guide the employees to complete the task.
there are three main style of leadership which are as follows:
1. Situation leadership: It is the best theory that helps to adopt different kinds of
leadership actions at workplace. The situational leadership style is most utilize and
effective leadership tool for the organization. This style is based on the relation
between leader and employees. This leadership includes styles based on the personal

activities of person. Apart from this it also includes the personality of person,
experience, working environment and situation at the time(Mohammadi and
Mozafari, 2014). This style is referred when the leader of corporation must adjust his
style to fit the development level of the employees he is trying to guidance. This style
determine the amount of guidance and directions which are given by the leaders.
There are so many benefits and advantageous of this leadership. The process of this
approach is so simple to both understand and apply.
2. System leadership: the aim of system leadership process is to raising manager’s
awareness. This leadership mainly focuses on the system of organization. System
leadership says that corporation has to be clear about its particular needs for
leadership. In respect to make systematic leadership, there are different kinds of
resources exist that implemented at workplace. With the help of the improvement and
changes, business will accomplish their desired aims and objectives. This approach
includes all the activities, not just development programs.
3. Contingency leadership: In this kind of leadership, there are several ways to lead
with the group members. In different situations, superiors are also work to make
creative leadership. The highest level in certain place. According to the contingency
theory human traits are related to the situations in which the supervisors workout their
leadership. This theory is based on the idea that there is no one best way to manage
and that to be effective, planning, leading and controlling must be tailored to the
particular situation faced by enterprise. According to this theory stable environments
suggest automatic structure that highlight centralization, formalization to achieve
efficiency. Organizational size is another factor to impact the effectiveness of
different corporation forms. Small enterprises can behave informally where as large
business tend to become more formalized to achieve the success. Further, this
approach is also consider appropriate leadership which has been based on the some
different assumptions. It will helps to accomplish desired aims and objectives in the
business to focus on the situations.

TASK3
P4 Key approaches to operation management
There are different key approaches which are followed by the operation manager of
cited company to enhance the productivity and growth of business(Hatziargyriou, 2014).
Important approaches are as following:
 Six sigma approach: this is most and important approach in operation management.
This method plays a important role in operation management because this
methodology is used for improving the quality of operations by deleting the errors and
defects. This approach is useful to increase the productivity and benefits of
corporation because this approach reduce the cost and save the time. There are so
many tools which can be used by the manger such as define, measure, analyze,
improve and control.
1. Define: in this process the customer requirements that are to be met.
2. Measure: in this process operation manger determine that what needs to change in
organization to increase the benefits and productivity.
3. Analyze: in this process operation manger has to determine the simple root to achieve
the target.
4. Improve: in this process operation manager has to improve the planning to achieve the
target.
Six sigma approach is used to increase the productivity of business because this
approach improve the quality of products in corporation. By using this approach operation
manger analysis the quality or product on regular basis. Product quality plays a main role to
attract the customers. Customers always choose best quality product so to attract the
customers, operation manger uses six sigma approach in this approach he focuses on the
quality of product. He determines all the factors about the quality of product and try to
improve the quality so that productivity can increase(Xiao,2014). Apart from this when
customer attracted from the quality of product than benefits will also increase in good
manner. This approach also increase the brand image of organization.
 Lean theory: this approach is used by operation manager to remove the problem of
storage the waste material. In this approach manger provides the product according to
customer’s needs. So the product is introduced according to customer’s interest and
desire. This approach helps to reduce the production cost and to increase the benefits

because in this approach operation manger makes plan according to customer’s needs
and interest. This is systematic method for waste minimization within manufacturing
system without losing productivity. This approach focuses on the customer
satisfaction. As customer satisfaction is important key of success in any corporation.
 TQM: Total quality management is one of the best approach which is used by the
cited company to improve the quality of products. Through this approach chosen
company is able to provide the products according to customer's need and desire.
According to this approach, company have to provide the products and services
according to customer's needs. Mentioned company analysis the needs of customers
with the help of different feedback system(Futaki, 2013).
P5 Importance of operation management
Operation management is very important for the success of any corporation.
Operation manager are responsible for keeping everything running smoothly and profitably.
Operation manger has responsibility to direct the company’s daily activities for the benefits.
Operation manager should be communicate effectively, he must be master communicator to
be effective and successful. His/her roles requires:
Operation manger has to be quick assessment of the effects of changing the situations. Apart
from this he should develop the different strategies that influence the positive contributions of
various department. He has to be ability to resolve the conflict and issues. He has
responsibility to quick change and implement the ideas. He examines the over all
performance of employees and determine their extra efforts and skills which help the
business in the improvement.
Operation management considered creative results in the business. There are several
kinds of goods and services exist that helps to make creative results. Furthermore, manager
need to ensure that all functions and operations are managed properly. In all other
departments suffer. Operation management mainly focused on the customer satisfaction and
resource utilization.
 Customer satisfaction: customer satisfaction is most important for any organization.
Customer is backbone of any corporation. If customer is not satisfying with the
quality and services of products than they will go with other brand and company. So
to attract customers, operation manger try to improve the quality of product. SO
productivity can increase in goo manner. Apart from this operation manager has

responsibility to change the quality of product. And operation manager should
improve the service of employees which are given to the customers. Operations of the
business are considered very important role that develops goods and services to
considered systematic results. Further in systematic manner than it makes all other
departments easier. Operation manager provides development trainings and other
activities to improve the servicing facility of employees. Operation management
focused on the services because customers attracted more from good
services(Kiehtreiber, 2015).
 Resource utilization: to reduce the production cost resource should be utilize
carefully. When employee learn how to utilize the resources in effective manners than
the productivity can increase in effective manner. Operation manger has responsibility
to analysis the performance of employees on regular basis. Operation manger has to
provide the different activities and trainings to employees to enhance their
performance in good manner. By develop trainings employee can learn how they can
utilize the resource in effective manner. In the trainings workers can share their ideas
and skills with each others. Operation manger has to provide teamwork so that
employees can able to complete the task with different skills and ideas.
By this process operation management is able focused on the main factors such as
quality of products and resource utilization. Operation manger has a main role in the success
of corporation(Jung, 2014). He plays a very important role in the organization. He involves
certain responsibilities. Operation management is the process of converting the inputs of
materials, labour of the energy and in the form of the goods and services which is a key
business of any corporation, whether it deals with services and products.
TASK 4
P6 Factors that impact upon the operation management
There are many factors that affect the operation management. Factors that affect
organization are internally and externally. Operation management is the process of managing
the organization’s resources which converts inputs into products. There are six factors that
affect the operation management such as global, competition, quality customers and cost etc.
all these factors has impact upon the operation management.
 Competition: when a new entrant comes in the industry, the corporation has been
suffer from lots of difficulties and losses. As new comer provides the product to

customers at very low price so it can affect the organization because customers can
attract towards the new company(Costa, 2013).So to solve this problem operation
manger h as to improve the quality of product and attract try to provide new
products. New product launch can attract the customers.
 Technology: to achieve the success organisation has to bring new technology. When
new company brings new technology than all customers try to buy the products with
new technology. At that time, operation manager has responsibilities to motivate the
employees and staff to learn new technology and skills. Operation manger has to
 Higher labour cost: Due to high labour cost, in the environment there are profit
margin also developed in systematic manner. When the business consist proper
control, number of employees increasing peak or off peak as well. than they can
resolve this problem whereas if company has no proper control over the number of
employees assigned irrespective of peak or off peak(Li, 2014 ).
 Social factor: every nation has different and unique culture this factor impact on the
business of cited company. Manager and leader of cited company should ensures that
production and services are done according to customer's needs and desire. If
company is not able to provide the services according to society's need they will not
be able to enhance their productivity and growth.
 Political factors: chosen company has to follow the rules and regulations of
government. Change by government can affect the chosen business positively or
negatively. All the policies and taxes laws affect the business environment.
 Environment factors: natural disaster, earth quack, drought are considered in this
factor. These factors affect the business negatively, these factors decreases the
productivity of business and beneficial(Strande,2014).
There are several factors exist that could be create impact on the business
performance. For example, country government create major impact due to making certain
rules and regulations that are essentially adopted by the business. Furthermore, economic
performance also create impact to make growth of the company to produce systematic results
in the business environment.

CONCLUSION
In respect to carry the present report, it can be concluded that there are leaders and
manager both play vital role. This report focused on the role of leaders and mangers in the
corporations. Leader uses different leadership such as system, situation and contingency to
improve its leadership in good manner. This report also explained the important approaches
such as sigma and lean in operation management. These approaches are very useful to
increase the productivity and benefits of business. Apart from this, it also focused on the role
of operation management in enterprises. If operation management runs in good manner and
systematic in origination than other operations will also run smoothly. Operation manger
focused mainly on resource utilization and customer satisfaction. So it has been concluded
that corporation can improve its productivity and benefits by using a operation management.
On the other hand this report also explained the factors that impact the organization
environment.